Download or read book Bridges Habitats of South America written by and published by Benchmark Education Company. This book was released on with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Land Bridges written by Alan Graham and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-03-30 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land bridges are the causeways of biodiversity. When they form, organisms are introduced into a new patchwork of species and habitats, forever altering the ecosystems into which they flow; and when land bridges disappear or fracture, organisms are separated into reproductively isolated populations that can evolve independently. More than this, land bridges play a role in determining global climates through changes to moisture and heat transport and are also essential factors in the development of biogeographic patterns across geographically remote regions. In this book, paleobotanist Alan Graham traces the formation and disruption of key New World land bridges and describes the biotic, climatic, and biogeographic ramifications of these land masses’ changing formations over time. Looking at five land bridges, he explores their present geographic setting and climate, modern vegetation, indigenous peoples (with special attention to their impact on past and present vegetation), and geologic history. From the great Panamanian isthmus to the boreal connections across the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans that allowed exchange of organisms between North America, Europe, and Asia, Graham’s sweeping, one-hundred-million-year history offers new insight into the forces that shaped the life and land of the New World.
Download or read book New World Continents and Land Bridges written by Bruce McClish and published by Capstone Classroom. This book was released on 2003-09-19 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents include: North America: landforms; North America: climate, plants and animals; North America: history and culture; Introducing South America; South America: landforms; South America: climate, plants and animals; South America: history and culture; Continental connections and plate tectonics; Land bridges: the narrow link; Land bridges: dropping seas.
Download or read book Evolution and the Diversity of Life written by Ernst Mayr and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diversity of living forms and the unity of evolutionary processes are the focus of these essays. The collection helps form much of the basis of contempoary undertanding of evolutionary biology.
Download or read book Fossil Horses of South America written by José Luis Prado and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-25 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an update on the phylogeny, systematics and ecology of horses in South America based on data provided over the past three decades. The contemporary South American mammalian communities were shaped by the emergence of the Isthmus of Panama and by the profound climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene. Horses were a conspicuous group of immigrant mammals from North America that arrived in South America during the Pleistocene. This group is represented by 2 genera, Hippidion and Equus, which include small species (Hippidion devillei, H. saldiasi, E. andium and E. insulatus) and large forms (Equus neogeus and H. principale). Both groups arrived in South America via 2 different routes. One model designed to explain this migration indicates that the small forms used the Andes corridor, while larger horses used the eastern route and arrived through some coastal areas. Molecular dating (ancient DNA) suggests that the South American horses separated from the North American taxa (caballines and the New World stilt-legged horse) after 3.6 - 3.2 Ma, consistent with the final formation of the Panamanian Isthmus. Recent studies of stable isotopes in these horses indicate an extensive range of 13C values cover closed woodlands to C4 grasslands. This plasticity agrees with the hypothesis that generalist species and open biome specialist species from North America indicate a positive migration through South America.
Download or read book Physical Geography Biogeography written by K. Bharatdwaj and published by Discovery Publishing House. This book was released on 2006 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It may well be said that there can be no geography which concerns itself with the actual shape and form of the land surface, solid rode, the configuration and extent of the seas and oceans, the enveloping atmosphere without which life as we know it cannot exist, the physical process which take place in that atmosphere. This book has been designed to cover the syllabus of physical geography required for the B.A. students of the Indian Universities. The subject matter has been arranged so as to provide clear and integrated approach to the subject with all essential tools of applicable geography for B.A. curriculum. Contents: Biogeography, Ecosystem, Biosphere, Biome, Food Chain.
Download or read book American Scientist written by and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 684 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Earth s Evolving Systems written by Martin and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth’s Evolving Systems: The History of Planet Earth, Second Edition is an introductory text designed for popular courses in undergraduate Earth history. Written from a “systems perspective,” it provides coverage of the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, and discussion of how those systems interacted over the course of geologic time.
Download or read book Current Advances in Scarabaeoidea Research written by Brett Ratcliffe and published by PenSoft Publishers LTD. This book was released on 2010-01-28 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scarabaeoidea is one of the largest superfamilies in the Coleoptera and includes approximately 2,200 genera and about 32,000 species worldwide. Scarabs have diversified into most habitats, and they are fungivores, herbivores, necrophages, coprophages, saprophages, and carnivores. Some scarabs exhibit various levels of parental care and sociality. Some are myrmecophilous or termitophilous. Many possess extravagant horns, others are able to roll into a compact ball, and still others are highly armored for inquiline life. Some are important agricultural pests that may destroy crops, while others are used in the biological control of dung and dung flies. Scarabaeoids are popular beetles due to their large size, bright colors, and interesting natural histories. Because of the popularity of the group, there exists an erroneous impression that the superfamily is taxonomically well known. However, even with a lengthy history of study, the group is in real need of continuing research. The papers in this volume cover a wide array of research topics on Scarabaeoidea, including evolutionary relationships, character trait evolution, species concepts, descriptions of new taxa, keys for identification, nomenclature, historical biogeography, methods, and basic life history information. These papers are a valuable contribution to our knowledge of scarabaeoids, and they will provide a foundation for future research.
Download or read book A Guide to the Carnivores of Central America written by Carlos L. de la Rosa and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-06-28 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carnivores such as pumas, jaguars, and ocelots have roamed the neotropical forests of Central America for millennia. Enshrined in the myths of the ancient Maya, they still inspire awe in the region's current inhabitants, as well as in the ecotourists and researchers who come to experience Central America's diverse and increasingly endangered natural environment. This book is one of the first field guides dedicated to the carnivores of Central America. It describes the four indigenous families—wild cats, raccoons and their relatives, skunks and their relatives, and wild canids—and their individual species that live in the region. The authors introduce each species by recounting a first-person encounter with it, followed by concise explanations of its taxonomy, scientific name, English and Spanish common names, habitat, natural history, and conservation status. Range maps show the animal's past and current distribution, while Claudia Nocke's black-and-white drawings portray it visually. The concluding chapter looks to the carnivores' future, including threats posed by habitat destruction and other human activities, and describes some current conservation programs. Designed for citizens of and visitors to Central America, as well as specialists, this book offers an excellent introduction to a group of fascinating, threatened, and still imperfectly understood animals.
Download or read book The Great American Biotic Interchange written by Francis G. Stehli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two rather different elements combine to explain the origin of this volume: one scientific and one personal. The broader of the two is the scientific basis-the time for such a volume had arrived. Geology had made remarkable progress toward an understanding of the phys ical history of the Caribbean Basin for the last 100 million years or so. On the biological side, many new discoveries had elucidated the distributional history of terrestrial orga nisms in and between the two Americas. Geological and biological data had been combined to yield the timing of important events with unprecedented resolution. Clearly, when each of two broad disciplines is making notable advances and when each provides new insights for the other, the rewards of cross-disciplinary contacts increase exponentially. The present volume represents an attempt to bring together a group of geologists, paleontologists and biologists capable of exploiting this opportunity through presentation of an interdisciplinary synthesis of evidence and hypothesis concerning interamerican connections during the Cretaceous and Cenozoic. Advances in plate tectonics form the basis for a modern synthesis and, in the broadest terms, dictate the framework within which the past and present distributions of organisms must be interpreted. Any scientific dis cipline must seek tests of its conclusions from data outside of its own confines.
Download or read book Highways and Movement of Wildlife written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ice Age Giants of the South written by Judy Cutchins and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2015-10-17 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bones of extinct giants such as mammoths, mastodons, giant ground sloths, and saber-toothed cats have been found across the southern United States. These fossils help scientists understand what life was like more than 10,000 years ago.
Download or read book CA 92 San Mateo Hayward Bridge East Approach and Widening of the Trestle Portion of the Bridge Alameda County San Mateo County written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Garrison Channel Bridge Construction at Proposed Harbour Island Development Tampa written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American River Bridge Crossing Project Folsom written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central America written by Anthony G. Coates and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the cultural and natural history of Central America, covering such topics as the area's geological origins, natural corridors, native peoples, and conservation efforts.
