Download or read book Brazil written by Bertha K. Becker and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1992-05-28 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Becker and Egler examine and review the process of Brazil's entry into the capitalist world-economy. They trace this development from the country's origins as a Portuguese colony to its status as a regional power in Latin America and the eighth-largest world economy.
Download or read book Brazil as an Economic Superpower written by Lael Brainard and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Brazil, the confluence of strong global demand for the country's major products, global successes for its major corporations, and steady results from its economic policies is building confidence and even reviving dreams of grandeza—the greatness that has proven elusive in the past. Even as the current economic crisis tempers expectations of the future, the trends identified in this book suggest that Brazil will continue its path toward becoming a leading economic power in the future. Once seen as an economic backwater, Brazil now occupies key niches in energy, agriculture, service industries, and even high technology. Yet Latin America's largest nation still struggles with endemic inequality issues and deep-seated ambivalence toward global economic integration. Scholars and policy practitioners from Brazil, the United States, and Europe recently gathered to investigate the present state and likely future of the Brazilian economy. This important volume is the timely result. In Brazil as an Economic Superpower? international authorities focus on five key topics: agribusiness, energy, trade, social investment, and multinational corporations. Their analyses and expertise provide not only a unique and authoritative picture of the Brazilian economy but also a useful lens through which to view the changing global economy as a whole.
Download or read book Brazil s Rise to Global Power written by Naval Postgraduate Naval Postgraduate School and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-11-01 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the rise of Brazil as a global power. To examine this, the research takes an international relations approach to measure power in terms of a state's ability to influence other states. Three aspects that this research focuses on are wealth, land power, and international influence. These characteristics separate "hegemons," "global," "middle," and "regional" powers. Brazil's rise to global power started with instituting neoliberal reform, which produced the economic growth over the last 20 years, and has translated into the ability to domestically and globally invest in poverty and disease reduction programs across Latin America and Africa. With the strongest military in Latin America, Brazil has difficulty acquiring new technology and military assets because no direct security threat exists. Foreign policy desires a projection of force, while defense spending limits the military to internal security. Brazil's role in international organizations provides many opportunities to exert leadership, but each organization limits the level of Brazilian influence. This book finds that Brazil, although strong economically, is still a middle power with aspirations of global power, based on a difference in its material capabilities and ability to continually exercise economic and political influence outside the Latin American region.
Download or read book Foreign Policy Responses to the Rise of Brazil written by G. Gardini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil has risen. Its economic might and international activism are remarkable, but the limitations to its capacity and will to turn potential power into concrete international influence are equally significant. This book assesses the real impact of the rise of Brazil on other Latin American countries, and how these countries have responded.
Download or read book Brazil written by Leslie Bethell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1989-05-26 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transformation of Brazil from Portuguese colony to independent nation continues through Brazilian independence to the Paraguayan War, the age of reform (1870-1889) and The First Republic (1889-1930).
Download or read book The United States and Brazil written by Monica Hirst and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-08 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a succinct overview of the history of US-Brazilian relations over the past two decades. Monica Hirst considers economic relations between the two countries, presenting pertinent statistical information and detailing key economic policy disputes between the two governments (as well as the ongoing negotiations regarding a free trade agreement for the Americas). The book also looks at political issues such as military cooperation, nuclear energy, human rights and democracy, migration, the relative influence of both governments elsewhere in South America, relations in the context of multilateral organizations, drug trafficking, terrorism and the January 2003 transition from the Cardoso to the Lula presidency. It concludes with an essay that situates US-Brazilian relations in a broader analytical and comparative framework. The United States and Brazil will be of interest to students and scholars of economics, geography and politics and international relations in general.
Download or read book The New Brazil written by Raúl Zibechi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil, by any measure, is an emerging global power, exerting increasing influence both regionally and around the world. But with a growing population, enormous - and controversial - natural resources and complex vested financial interests, just how it develops that power remains an open question. Ral Zibechi, one of the most prominent emerging theorists in South America, provides a detailed examination of the shifting alliances and economic forces in Brazil that social movements must understand and engage.
Download or read book Brazil s Rise to Global Power Bolsa Familia Neoliberal Reform and Trade Partnerships Military Capabilities and Defense Spending Soft Power Projection and Role in International Organizations written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-31 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This military study assesses the rise of Brazil as a global power. To examine this, the research takes an international relations approach to measure power in terms of a state's ability to influence other states. Three aspects that this research focuses on are wealth, land power, and international influence. These characteristics separate "hegemons," "global," "middle," and "regional" powers. Brazil's rise to global power started with instituting neoliberal reform, which produced the economic growth over the last 20 years, and has translated into the ability to domestically and globally invest in poverty and disease reduction programs across Latin America and Africa. With the strongest military in Latin America, Brazil has difficulty acquiring new technology and military assets because no direct security threat exists. Foreign policy desires a projection of force, while defense spending limits the military to internal security. Brazil's role in international organizations provides many opportunities to exert leadership, but each organization limits the level of Brazilian influence. This thesis finds that Brazil, although strong economically, is still a middle power with aspirations of global power, based on a difference in its material capabilities and ability to continually exercise economic and political influence outside the Latin American region. Subject terms: Global Power, Hegemon, International Organizations, Trade Blocs, Bipolar, Unipolar, Balancing, Bandwagoning, Realism, Liberalism, Soft Power, Nonproliferation, Neoliberal reform, Heterodox, Orthodox, Shock Therapy, Gradual market reform, Economic Crises Theory, Ideational theory, Political Institutional Theory, Rational Choice, Cognitive-Psychological theory, Democratic Consolidation, Bolsa Familia, Real Plan, BRIC, Export Oriented Growth, Import Substitution Industrialization, South-South cooperation. CHAPTER I * INTRODUCTION * A. MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION * B. IMPORTANCE * C. PROBLEMS AND HYPOTHESIS * D. LITERATURE REVIEW * E. METHODS AND SOURCES * F. THESIS OVERVIEW * CHAPTER II * BRAZILIAN POLITICAL ECONOMY * A. NEOLIBERAL REFORM IN BRAZIL * 1. Existing Neoliberal Reform Theories * a. Economic Crises Theory * b. Political Institutional Theory * c. Ideational Theory * d. Rational Choice * e. Cognitive-Psychological Theory * B. CAUSES OF NEOLIBERAL REFORM * 1. Neoliberal Reform during the Transition to Democracy * 2. Neoliberal Reform during the Consolidation of Democracy * C. NEOLIBERAL REFORM AND TRADE PARTNERSHIPS * 1. Brazilian Trade with China * 2. Brazil-U.S. Trade * 3. Brazil-Africa Trade * 4. Brazil-European Union Trade * D. ECONOMIC LIMITATIONS * CHAPTER III * BRAZILIAN MILITARY CAPABILITIES * A. BACKGROUND OF BRAZILIAN FOREIGN POLICY * B. DEFENSE SPENDING * 1. Internal Military Budget * 2. Brazil Defense Budget Breakdown * C. DEFENSE PARTNERSHIPS * D. FORCE PROJECTION * 1. Land-Based Assets * 2. Air Force Assets * 3. Nuclear Technology * E. CAPABILITIES COMPARED TO LATIN AMERICA * 1. Military Assets of Latin America * F. CAPABILITIES COMPARED TO BRIC * 1. India * 2. China * CHAPTER IV * BRAZILIAN SOFT POWER PROJECTION * A. INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS FRAMEWORK * 1. Offensive Realism * 2. Defensive Realism * 3. Liberalism * B. ROLE IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS * 1. IMF * 2. World Bank * 3. World Trade Organization * 4. Development Model * C. SECURITY ORGANIZATIONS * 1. Organization of American States * 2. Union of South American Nations * 3. United Nations * D. TRADE * 1. Mercosur
Download or read book Aspirational Power written by David R. Mares and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2016-06-28 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil’s soft power path to major power status. The largest country in South America by land mass and population, Brazil has been marked since its independence by a belief that it has the potential to play a major role on the global stage. Set apart from the rest of the hemisphere by culture, language, and history, Brazil has also been viewed by its neighbors as a potential great power and, at times, a threat. But even though domestic aspirations and foreign perceptions have held out the prospect for Brazil becoming a major power, the country has lacked the capabilities—particularly on the military and economic dimensions—to pursue a traditional path to greatness. Aspirational Power examines Brazil as an emerging power. It explains Brazil’s present emphasis on using soft power through a historical analysis of Brazil’s three past attempts to achieve major power status. Though these efforts have fallen short, this book suggests that Brazil will continue to try to emerge, but that it will only succeed when its domestic institutions provide a solid and attractive foundation for the deployment of its soft power abroad. Aspirational Power concludes with concrete recommendations for how Brazil might improve its strategy, and why the great powers, including the United States, should respond positively to Brazil’s emergence.
Download or read book Global Brazil and U S Brazil Relations written by Samuel W. Bodman and published by Council on Foreign Relations. This book was released on 2011 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: July 12, 2011-Over the course of a generation, Brazil has emerged as both a driver of growth in South America and as an active force in world politics. A new Council on Foreign Relations (CFR)-sponsored Independent Task Force report asserts "that it is in the interest of the United States to understand Brazil as a complex international actor whose influence on the defining global issues of the day is only likely to increase."Brazil currently ranks as the world's fifth-largest landmass, fifth-largest population, and expects to soon be ranked the fifth largest economy. The report, Global Brazil and U.S.-Brazil Relations, recommends that "U.S. policymakers recognize Brazil's standing as a global actor, treat its emergence as an opportunity for the United States, and work with Brazil to develop complementary policies."The Task Force is chaired by former secretary of energy Samuel W. Bodman and former president of the World Bank James D. Wolfensohn, and directed by CFR Senior Fellow and Director for Latin America Studies, and Director of the Global Brazil Initiative Julia E. Sweig.Recognizing Brazil's global role, the report recommends that the Obama administration now fully endorse the country's bid for a seat as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC). It argues that "a formal endorsement from the United States for Brazil would go far to overcome lingering suspicion within the Brazilian government that the U.S. commitment to a mature relationship between equals is largely rhetorical."Domestically, Brazil's "inclusive growth has translated into a significant reduction of inequality, an expansion of the middle class, and a vibrant economy, all framed within a democratic context." Consequently, Brazil has been able to use its economic bona fides to leverage a stronger position in the international, commercial, and diplomatic arena.The report stresses the importance of regular communication between the presidents of both countries. "Cooperation between the United States and Brazil holds too much promise for miscommunication or inevitable disagreements to stand in the way of potential gains." A mature, working relationship means that "the United States and Brazil can help each other advance mutual interests even without wholesale policy agreements between the two," notes the report.The Task Force further recommends that- the U.S. Congress "include an elimination of the ethanol tariff in any bill regarding reform to the ethanol and biofuel tax credit regime."- the United States "take the first step to waive visa requirements for Brazilians by immediately reviewing Brazil's criteria for participation in the Visa Waiver Program."- the U.S. State Department create an Office for Brazilian Affairs and the National Security Council (NSC) centralize its efforts under a NSC director for Brazil in order to better coordinate the current decentralized U.S. policy.The bipartisan Task Force includes thirty distinguished experts on Brazil who represent a range of perspectives and backgrounds. The report includes a number of additional views by Task Force members, including one that notes, "We believe that a more gradual approach [regarding Brazil's inclusion as a full UNSC member] would likely have more success in navigating the diplomatic complexities presented by U.S. support for Brazil." Another view asserts, "If the United States supports, as the Obama administration has said it does, leadership structures in international institutions that are more reflective of international realities, it must support without qualifications Brazil's candidacy [for the UNSC]."
Download or read book The Geopolitics of Regional Power written by Sören Scholvin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades, various states from the Global South have emerged as important players in international relations. Most popular among them is China. Brazil, India and South Africa have also taken essential roles in global and regional politics. Compared to traditional great powers, they can be labelled ’regional great powers’ or ’regional powers’ because their influence is - with the exception of China - concentrated on their neighbourhood. The impact of regions, meaning the impact of geography, on the economics and politics of regional powers is surprisingly understudied. This book analyses how geographical conditions influence the regional economics and politics of South Africa, allowing the author to delineate its region of influence.
Download or read book Global China written by Tarun Chhabra and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2021-06-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global implications of China's rise as a global actor In 2005, a senior official in the George W. Bush administration expressed the hope that China would emerge as a “responsible stakeholder” on the world stage. A dozen years later, the Trump administration dramatically shifted course, instead calling China a “strategic competitor” whose actions routinely threaten U.S. interests. Both assessments reflected an underlying truth: China is no longer just a “rising” power. It has emerged as a truly global actor, both economically and militarily. Every day its actions affect nearly every region and every major issue, from climate change to trade, from conflict in troubled lands to competition over rules that will govern the uses of emerging technologies. To better address the implications of China's new status, both for American policy and for the broader international order, Brookings scholars conducted research over the past two years, culminating in a project: Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World. The project is intended to furnish policy makers and the public with hard facts and deep insights for understanding China's regional and global ambitions. The initiative draws not only on Brookings's deep bench of China and East Asia experts, but also on the tremendous breadth of the institution's security, strategy, regional studies, technological, and economic development experts. Areas of focus include the evolution of China's domestic institutions; great power relations; the emergence of critical technologies; Asian security; China's influence in key regions beyond Asia; and China's impact on global governance and norms. Global China: Assessing China's Growing Role in the World provides the most current, broad-scope, and fact-based assessment of the implications of China's rise for the United States and the rest of the world.
Download or read book Emerging Powers in a Comparative Perspective written by Vidya Nadkarni and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brazil written by Mr.Antonio Spilimbergo and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-03-14 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brazil is at crossroads, emerging slowly from a historic recession that was preceded by a huge economic boom. Reasons for the historic bust following a boom are manifold. Policy mistakes were an important contributory factor, and included the pursuit of countercyclical policies, introduced to deal with the effects of the global financial crisis, beyond the point where they were helpful. More fundamentally, it reflects longstanding structural weaknesses plaguing the economy, that also help explain Brazil’s uninspiring growth performance over the past four decades.
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
Download or read book Regional Great Powers in International Politics written by Iver B. Neumann and published by Springer. This book was released on 1992-06-18 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Illuminates the interplay between regional concerns and the international context, which together define the hierarchy of states. Building on case studies, this book demonstrates that this status cannot be attained solely by building a military or economic power base.
Download or read book Theory and Reality in International Relations written by John Carleton Farrell and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
