Download or read book Axial Aberrations of Lenses written by Edgar D. Tillyer and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Axial Aberrations of Lenses Classic Reprint written by E. D. Tillyer and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-22 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Axial Aberrations of Lenses Here a compromise must often be made between the center and the edge of the field. In these systems the color must be well corrected to avoid chemical focus or the blurring of the image, due to the actinic rays focusing nearer to (or farther from) the lens than the visual. Especially is the color correction important in lenses used for color photography and in process lenses. In astrographic lenses, those used in stellar photography, a field is required which is large relative to telescopic systems but small compared with lenses for ordinary photography. Over this field they are required to be corrected very accurately with regard to all aberrations, though color is of secondary importance, since a color screen, or plates which are sensitive only to a short range of the spectrum, may be used. In portrait lenses the central definition is of greater importance than that of any other part of the field, since focusing on the eyes of the sitter will give sharp definition there and produce the effect of concentrating the attention on the expression without directing it to less important details. In all cases the central definition is very important and the determination of the errors in the center of the field will generally give a comparative value of the lens. The central corrections show, with very few exceptions, the highest quality of definition a lens will give. Even in a lens with a large field, when a com promise must be made between the center and edge of the field, the central definition must be at least as good as the edge, if not better. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Spherical Aberration of Thin Lenses Classic Reprint written by T. Townsend Smith and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-02-04 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Spherical Aberration of Thin Lenses In addition there is included in this paper a graphical solution of the problem as to the conditions under which a two-piece lens may be achromatic, free from axial spherical aberration, ce'mented, and free from coma, and the shapes of _the lenses necessary to satisfy these different conditions are shown. The effect of a slight change in the shape of the lenses is also indicated. It is not expected that any of the material is really new, but the author knows of no place Where the information given may be readily Obtained, even piecemeal. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Axial Aberrations of Lenses written by Edgar D. Tillyer and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Photographic Optics written by D. Van Monckhoven and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-15 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Photographic Optics: Including the Description of Lenses and Enlarging Apparatus The five aberrations of most interest have been the object of our especial care. A radiating point of homogeneous colour) being placed at infinity, and in the axis of a convergent lens, emits parallel rays, which on emerging from the lens do not meet at one point in the axis; and therefore the image of the point is surrounded by a circle of diffused light, called the circle of spherical aberration. If the point is placed some degrees out of the ax1s, the circle of aberration becomes elliptical; and if the point is very obliquely placed, its image takes the form of a comet. We have carefully examined the conditions necessary to reduce this spherical aberration to the minimum by the employment of the diaphragm, or better by joining to the convergent lens a divergent lens, with appropriate radii of curvature, which makes the combination aplanatic, that is, free from spherical aberration along its axis. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Spherical Aberration in Thin Lenses written by T. Townsend Smith and published by . This book was released on 1923 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Axial Aberrations of Lenses by E D Tillyer and H I Shultz Issued November 3 1917 written by E. D. Tillyer and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aberrations of Thin Lenses written by Harold Heaton Emsley and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Interference Method for the Determination of Axial and Oblique Aberrations Classic Reprint written by A. H. Bennett and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-09-21 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from An Interference Method for the Determination of Axial and Oblique Aberrations The method requires only simple apparatus, but its accu of the order of the geometric method of Hartmann. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Aberrations of Long Focus Anastigmatic Photographic Objectives written by Alva Herschel Bennett and published by . This book was released on 1924 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Lens Design written by José Sasián and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise introduction to lens design, including the fundamental theory, concepts, methods and tools used in the field. Covering all the essential concepts and providing suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter, this book is an essential resource for graduate students working in optics and photonics.
Download or read book The Reciprocal Spherical Aberration of an Optical System Including Higher Orders Classic Reprint written by Harold F. Bennett and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-10 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from The Reciprocal Spherical Aberration of an Optical System Including Higher Orders It has been pointed out that successively closer approximations to the aberration curve can be obtained by evaluating additional terms of the series (equation The usual methods of evaluating these coefficients are of three general types. First, if the lens has acti'ially been constructed, a number of narrow beams of light may be singled out, as in the Hartmann test, by a diaphragm with several small holes, and their positions after traversing the lens may be determined photographically or otherwise. Second, from the specifications of the lens system the theoretical position of several rays may be found by trigonometric ray tracing. In either case an empirical curve or equation 1s fitted to the discrete points this obtained. Third, trigonometric relations, such as those used ln ray tracing, are expanded as Taylor's or similar series in ascending powers bf whatever function of the aperture is chosen as the parameter The aberration coeffi cients are thereby expressed as functions of the object distance and of the constants of the lens system. The present investigation is of this third type, which is usually called the algebraic or analytical method. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Handbook of Laser Micro and Nano Engineering written by KOJI SUGIOKA. and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive review of the entire field of laser micro and nano processing, including not only a detailed introduction to individual laser processing techniques but also the fundamentals of laser-matter interaction and lasers, optics, equipment, diagnostics, as well as monitoring and measurement techniques for laser processing. Consisting of 11 sections, each composed of 4 to 6 chapters written by leading experts in the relevant field. Each main part of the handbook is supervised by its own part editor(s) so that high-quality content as well as completeness are assured. The book provides essential scientific and technical information to researchers and engineers already working in the field as well as students and young scientists planning to work in the area in the future. Lasers found application in materials processing practically since their invention in 1960, and are currently used widely in manufacturing. The main driving force behind this fact is that the lasers can provide unique solutions in material processing with high quality, high efficiency, high flexibility, high resolution, versatility and low environmental load. Macro-processing based on thermal process using infrared lasers such as CO2 lasers has been the mainstream in the early stages, while research and development of micro- and nano-processing are becoming increasingly more active as short wavelength and/or short pulse width lasers have been developed. In particular, recent advances in ultrafast lasers have opened up a new avenue to laser material processing due to the capabilities of ultrahigh precision micro- and nanofabrication of diverse materials. This handbook is the first book covering the basics, the state-of-the-art and important applications of the dynamic and rapidly expanding discipline of laser micro- and nanoengineering. This comprehensive source makes readers familiar with a broad spectrum of approaches to solve all relevant problems in science and technology. This handbook is the ultimate desk reference for all people working in the field.
Download or read book Aberrations of Long Focus Anastigmatic Photographic Objectives Classic Reprint written by A. H. Bennett and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Aberrations of Long Focus Anastigmatic Photographic Objectives To place before the public data on the performance of photo graphic objectives of the anastigmatic type, to indicate to design ers what characteristics may be sought in the further development of high-speed photographic lenses, and also to describe methods employed in lens measurements which have been found to be reliable and of requisite precision is the object of this paper. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Optical Imaging and Aberrations written by Virendra N. Mahajan and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years have passed since the publication of the first edition of this classic text in April 2001. Considerable new material amounting to 100 pages has been added in this second edition. Each chapter now contains a Summary section at the end. The new material in Chapter 4 consists of a detailed comparison of Gaussian apodization with a corresponding beam, determination of the optimum value of the Gaussian radius relative to that of the pupil to yield maximum focal-point irradiance, detailed discussion of standard deviation, aberration balancing, and Strehl ratio for primary aberrations, derivation of the aberration-free and defocused OTF, discussion of an aberrated beam yielding higher axial irradiance in a certain defocused region than its aberration-free focal-point value, illustration that aberrated PSFs lose the advantage of Gaussian apodizaton in reducing the secondary maxima of a PSF, and a brief description of the characterization of the width of a multimode beam. In Chapter 5, the effect of random longitudinal defocus on a PSF is included. The coherence length of atmospheric turbulence is calculated for looking both up and down through the atmosphere. Also discussed are the angle of arrival of a light wave propagating through turbulence, and lucky imaging where better-quality short-exposure images are selected, aligned, and added to obtain a high-quality image.
Download or read book Treatise on Optics Classic Reprint written by Stephen Parkinson and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Treatise on Optics Successive reflexions at plane surfaces, 78; successive refractions at plane surfaces, - critical angle, 79 - 81 a plate, 82; absolute and relative index of refraction, 8 3, 84; refraction through a plate, 85 - 87; Def. Of edge, faces, refr acting angle, principal section of a prism, 88; deviation through a prism, minimum deviation, 90 - 9 5; foci of a small pencil passing through a prism, 96; Def. Of a lens, axis of a lens, forms of lenses, 97, 98; geometrical focus of a pencil passing through a lens, 99, 100; principal focus, focal length, of a lens, - concave and convex lens, - power of alens, 101 - 104; a sphere regarded as a lens, its focal length, 105, 106; relative motion of conjugate foci in the case of a lens, 107; focal length of a lens determined practically, 108; cylindrical lenses, centre of a lens, 109; focal centres of a lens, 1 10; Discussion of an oblique pencil passing through a lens; 1 1 2, 1 13 combinations of lenses, 1 14; approximate determination of the focus of a small oblique pencil, 1 15 Lenses used in Lighthouses, 1 17. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book LATERAL CHROMATIC ABERRATION OF APOCHROMATIC MICROSCOPE SYSTEMS CLASSIC REPRINT written by I. C. GARDNER and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
