Download or read book Arrovian Aggregation Models written by Fuad T. Aleskerov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggregation of individual opinions into a social decision is a problem widely observed in everyday life. For centuries people tried to invent the `best' aggregation rule. In 1951 young American scientist and future Nobel Prize winner Kenneth Arrow formulated the problem in an axiomatic way, i.e., he specified a set of axioms which every reasonable aggregation rule has to satisfy, and obtained that these axioms are inconsistent. This result, often called Arrow's Paradox or General Impossibility Theorem, had become a cornerstone of social choice theory. The main condition used by Arrow was his famous Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives. This very condition pre-defines the `local' treatment of the alternatives (or pairs of alternatives, or sets of alternatives, etc.) in aggregation procedures. Remaining within the framework of the axiomatic approach and based on the consideration of local rules, Arrovian Aggregation Models investigates three formulations of the aggregation problem according to the form in which the individual opinions about the alternatives are defined, as well as to the form of desired social decision. In other words, we study three aggregation models. What is common between them is that in all models some analogue of the Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives condition is used, which is why we call these models Arrovian aggregation models. Chapter 1 presents a general description of the problem of axiomatic synthesis of local rules, and introduces problem formulations for various versions of formalization of individual opinions and collective decision. Chapter 2 formalizes precisely the notion of `rationality' of individual opinions and social decision. Chapter 3 deals with the aggregation model for the case of individual opinions and social decisions formalized as binary relations. Chapter 4 deals with Functional Aggregation Rules which transform into a social choice function individual opinions defined as choice functions. Chapter 5 considers another model – Social Choice Correspondences when the individual opinions are formalized as binary relations, and the collective decision is looked for as a choice function. Several new classes of rules are introduced and analyzed.
Download or read book Soft Computing Applications for Group Decision making and Consensus Modeling written by Mikael Collan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-06-30 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a concise introduction and comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of decision-making and consensus modeling, with a special emphasis on fuzzy methods. It consists of a collection of authoritative contributions reporting on the decision-making process from different perspectives: from psychology to social and political sciences, from decision sciences to data mining, and from computational sciences in general, to artificial and computational intelligence and systems. Written as a homage to Mario Fedrizzi for his scholarly achievements, creative ideas and long lasting services to different scientific communities, it introduces key theoretical concepts, describes new models and methods, and discusses a range of promising real-world applications in the field of decision-making science. It is a timely reference guide and a source of inspiration for advanced students and researchers
Download or read book Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare written by Kenneth Joseph Arrow and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Social Choice and Welfare presents, in two volumes, essays on past and on-going work in social choice theory and welfare economics. The first volume consists of four parts. In Part 1 (Arrovian Impossibility Theorems), various aspects of Arrovian general impossibility theorems, illustrated by the simple majority cycle first identified by Condorcet, are expounded and evaluated. It also provides a critical survey of the work on different escape routes from impossibility results of this kind. In Part 2 (Voting Schemes and Mechanisms), the operation and performance of voting schemes and cost-sharing mechanisms are examined axiomatically, and some aspects of the modern theory of incentives and mechanism design are expounded and surveyed. In Part 3 (structure of social choice rules), the positional rules of collective decision-making (the origin of which can be traced back to a seminal proposal by Borda), the game-theoretic aspects of voting in committees, and the implications of making use of interpersonal comparisons of welfare (with or without cardinal measurability) are expounded, and the status of utilitarianism as a theory of justice is critically examined. It also provides an analytical survey of the foundations of measurement of inequality and poverty. In order to place these broad issues (as well as further issues to be discussed in the second volume of the Handbook) in perspective, Kotaro Suzumura has written an extensive introduction, discussing the historical background of social choice theory, the vistas opened by Arrow's Social Choice and Individual Values, the famous "socialist planning" controversy, and the theoretical and practical significance of social choice theory. The primary purpose of this Handbook is to provide an accessible introduction to the current state of the art in social choice theory and welfare economics. The expounded theory has a strong and constructive message for pursuing human well-being and facilitating collective decision-making. *Advances economists' understanding of recent advances in social choice and welfare *Distills and applies research to a wide range of social issues *Provides analytical material for evaluating new scholarship *Offers consolidated reviews and analyses of scholarship in a framework that encourages synthesis--
Download or read book Modelling Computation and Optimization in Information Systems and Management Sciences written by Hoai An Le Thi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-07 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings set contains 85 selected full papers presentedat the 3rd International Conference on Modelling, Computation and Optimization in Information Systems and Management Sciences - MCO 2015, held on May 11–13, 2015 at Lorraine University, France. The present part II of the 2 volume set includes articles devoted to Data analysis and Data mining, Heuristic / Meta heuristic methods for operational research applications, Optimization applied to surveillance and threat detection, Maintenance and Scheduling, Post Crises banking and eco-finance modelling, Transportation, as well as Technologies and methods for multi-stakeholder decision analysis in public settings.
Download or read book Intelligent and Fuzzy Systems written by Cengiz Kahraman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-16 with total page 833 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book consists of the papers accepted after a careful review process at an international scientific meeting where the latest developments on intelligent and fuzzy systems are presented and discussed. The latest developments in both the theoretical and practical fields of the new fuzzy set extensions have been prepared by expert researchers. Contributed by participants from more than 40 different countries, this book is also a useful resource in terms of showing the levels that fuzzy and intelligent systems have reached in various countries of the world. The intended readers are intelligent and fuzzy systems researchers, lecturers, M.Sc., and Ph.D. students studying fuzzy sets and artificial intelligence. The book covers fuzzy logic theory and applications, heuristics, and metaheuristics from optimization to machine learning, from quality management to risk management, making the book an excellent source for researchers.
Download or read book Scalable Uncertainty Management written by Florence Dupin de Saint-Cyr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Scalable Uncertainty Management, SUM 2022, which was held in Paris, France, in October 2022. The 19 full and 4 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 25 submissions. Besides that, the book also contains 3 abstracts of invited talks and 2 tutorial papers. The conference aims to gather researchers with a common interest in managing and analyzing imperfect information from a wide range of fields, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, databases, information retrieval and data mining, the semantic web and risk analysis. The chapter "Defining and Enforcing Descriptive Accuracy in Explanations: the Case of Probabilistic Classifiers" is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Download or read book Beliefs Interactions and Preferences written by Mark J. Machina and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-09-30 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "It also addresses the difficult question to incorporate several of these recent advances simultaneously into one single decision model. And it offers perspectives about the future trends of modeling such complex decision questions."--Jacket.
Download or read book Axiomatic Consensus Theory in Group Choice and Biomathematics written by William H. E. Day and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique comprehensive review of axiomatic consensus theory in biomathematics as it has developed over the past 30 years.
Download or read book Monotonicity Failures Afflicting Procedures for Electing a Single Candidate written by Dan S. Felsenthal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-08 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an evaluation of 18 voting procedures in terms of the most important monotonicity-related criteria in fixed and variable electorates. All voting procedures studied aim at electing one out of several candidates given the voters' preferences over the candidates. In addition to (strict) monotonicity failures, the vulnerability of the procedures to variation of the no-show paradoxes is discussed. All vulnerabilities are exemplified and explained. The occurrence of the no-show paradoxes is related to the presence or absence of a Condorcet winner. The primary readership of this book are scholars and students in the area of social choice.
Download or read book Operations Research Proceedings 2014 written by Marco Lübbecke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-20 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a selection of refereed papers presented at the "International Conference on Operations Research (OR 2014)", which took place at RWTH Aachen University, Germany, September 2-5, 2014. More than 800 scientists and students from 47 countries attended OR 2014 and presented more than 500 papers in parallel topical streams, as well as special award sessions. The theme of the conference and its proceedings is "Business Analytics and Optimization".
Download or read book Case Based Approximate Reasoning written by Eyke Hüllermeier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making use of different frameworks of approximate reasoning and reasoning under uncertainty, notably probabilistic and fuzzy set-based techniques, this book develops formal models of the above inference principle, which is fundamental to CBR. The case-based approximate reasoning methods thus obtained especially emphasize the heuristic nature of case-based inference and aspects of uncertainty in CBR.
Download or read book A Course in Mathematical and Statistical Ecology written by Anil Gore and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Course in Mathematical and Statistical Ecology
Download or read book Limit Theorems and Applications of Set Valued and Fuzzy Set Valued Random Variables written by Shoumei Li and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the pioneering works by Robbins {1944, 1945) and Choquet (1955), the notation of a set-valued random variable (called a random closed set in literatures) was systematically introduced by Kendall {1974) and Matheron {1975). It is well known that the theory of set-valued random variables is a natural extension of that of general real-valued random variables or random vectors. However, owing to the topological structure of the space of closed sets and special features of set-theoretic operations ( cf. Beer [27]), set-valued random variables have many special properties. This gives new meanings for the classical probability theory. As a result of the development in this area in the past more than 30 years, the theory of set-valued random variables with many applications has become one of new and active branches in probability theory. In practice also, we are often faced with random experiments whose outcomes are not numbers but are expressed in inexact linguistic terms.
Download or read book Group Verbal Decision Analysis written by Alexey B. Petrovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes an original approach to solving tasks of individual and collective choice: classification, ranking, and selection of multi-attribute objects. Object representation with multisets allows considering simultaneously numerical and symbolic variables. In group verbal decision analysis, judgments of all participants are taken into account without a compromise between contradictory. Natural language is used to describe problems and objects, formalize knowledge of experts and preferences of decision makers, and explain results. Verbal methods and technologies are more transparent, less laborious for a person, and weakly sensitive to measurement errors. The book also includes examples of applying new tools in real ill-structured high-dimensional choice tasks. It is intended for researchers, managers, consultants, analysts, and developers as well as for teachers and students of applied mathematics, computer science, information processing, engineering, economics, and management.
Download or read book Utility Maximization Choice and Preference written by Fuad Aleskerov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-09 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The utility maximization paradigm forms the basis of many economic, psychological, cognitive and behavioral models. However, numerous examples have revealed the deficiencies of the concept. This book helps to overcome those deficiencies by taking into account insensitivity of measurement threshold and context of choice. The second edition has been updated to include the most recent developments and a new chapter on classic and new results for infinite sets.
Download or read book Computational Logic in Multi Agent Systems written by Nils Bulling and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems, CLIMA XV, held in Prague, Czech Republic, in August 2014. The 12 regular papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 20 submissions. The purpose of the CLIMA workshops is to provide a forum for discussing techniques, based on computational logic, for representing, programming and reasoning about agents and multi-agent systems in a formal way. This edition will feature two special sessions: logics for agreement technologies and logics for games, strategic reasoning, and social choice.
Download or read book Bioconsensus written by DIMACS (Group) and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the rapidly developing field of bioconsensus, consensus methods from the social and behavioral sciences are used when choosing among alternative solutions to problems in the biological sciences. This text for mathematical and evolutionary biologists and computer scientists contains 16 contributions on various topics in bioconsensus. Included are papers originally presented at meetings held in 2000 and 2001 at the DIMACS Center as well as some from experts who did not attend the meetings. These papers provide historical background, discuss the axiomatic foundations of the field of bioconsensus, and apply consensus methods to real data. The volume is not indexed. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
