Download or read book Are Training Programs More Effective when Unemployment is High written by Michael Lechner and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Job Training that Gets Results written by Michael Bernick and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2005 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues that a strong private economy can reduce unemployment more successfully than government programmes and that job training programmes should reflect the current market. Looks at ways of building and maintaining career ladders for the working poor, the roles of welfare reform and emerging new occupations in the ITC industries, aspects of poverty reduction, and job training in a world of globalization.

Download or read book Are Training Programs More Effective when Employment is High written by Michael Lechner and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Learning to Work written by W. Norton Grubb and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 1996-05-30 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Grubb's powerful vision of a workforce development system connected by vertical ladders for upward mobility adds an important new dimension to our continued efforts at system reform. The unfortunate reality is that neither our first-chance education system nor our second-chance job training system have succeeded in creating clear pathways out of poverty for many of our citizens. Grubb's message deserves a serious hearing by policy makers and practitioners alike." —Evelyn Ganzglass, National Governors' Association Over the past three decades, job training programs have proliferated in response to mounting problems of unemployment, poverty, and expanding welfare rolls. These programs and the institutions that administer them have grown to a number and complexity that make it increasingly difficult for policymakers to interpret their effectiveness. Learning to Work offers a comprehensive assessment of efforts to move individuals into the workforce, and explains why their success has been limited. Learning to Work offers a complete history of job training in the United States, beginning with the Department of Labor's manpower development programs in the1960s and detailing the expansion of services through the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act in the 1970s and the Job Training Partnership Act in the 1980s.Other programs have sprung from the welfare system or were designed to meet the needs of various state and corporate development initiatives. The result is a complex mosaic of welfare-to-work, second-chance training, and experimental programs, all with their own goals, methodology, institutional administration, and funding. Learning to Work examines the findings of the most recent and sophisticated job training evaluations and what they reveal for each type of program. Which agendas prove most effective? Do their effects last over time? How well do programs benefit various populations, from welfare recipients to youths to displaced employees in need of retraining? The results are not encouraging. Many programs increase employment and reduce welfare dependence, but by meager increments, and the results are often temporary. On average most programs boosted earnings by only $200 to $500 per year, and even these small effects tended to decay after four or five years.Overall, job training programs moved very few individuals permanently off welfare, and provided no entry into a middle-class occupation or income. Learning to Work provides possible explanations for these poor results, citing the limited scope of individual programs, their lack of linkages to other programs or job-related opportunities, the absence of academic content or solid instructional methods, and their vulnerability to local political interference. Author Norton Grubb traces the root of these problems to the inherent separation of job training programs from the more successful educational system. He proposes consolidating the two domains into a clearly defined hierarchy of programs that combine school- and work-based instruction and employ proven methods of student-centered, project-based teaching. By linking programs tailored to every level of need and replacing short-term job training with long-term education, a system could be created to enable individuals to achieve increasing levels of economic success. The problems that job training programs address are too serious too ignore. Learning to Work tells us what's wrong with job training today, and offers a practical vision for reform.

Download or read book Investing in the Health and Well Being of Young Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Young adulthood - ages approximately 18 to 26 - is a critical period of development with long-lasting implications for a person's economic security, health and well-being. Young adults are key contributors to the nation's workforce and military services and, since many are parents, to the healthy development of the next generation. Although 'millennials' have received attention in the popular media in recent years, young adults are too rarely treated as a distinct population in policy, programs, and research. Instead, they are often grouped with adolescents or, more often, with all adults. Currently, the nation is experiencing economic restructuring, widening inequality, a rapidly rising ratio of older adults, and an increasingly diverse population. The possible transformative effects of these features make focus on young adults especially important. A systematic approach to understanding and responding to the unique circumstances and needs of today's young adults can help to pave the way to a more productive and equitable tomorrow for young adults in particular and our society at large. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults describes what is meant by the term young adulthood, who young adults are, what they are doing, and what they need. This study recommends actions that nonprofit programs and federal, state, and local agencies can take to help young adults make a successful transition from adolescence to adulthood. According to this report, young adults should be considered as a separate group from adolescents and older adults. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults makes the case that increased efforts to improve high school and college graduate rates and education and workforce development systems that are more closely tied to high-demand economic sectors will help this age group achieve greater opportunity and success. The report also discusses the health status of young adults and makes recommendations to develop evidence-based practices for young adults for medical and behavioral health, including preventions. What happens during the young adult years has profound implications for the rest of the life course, and the stability and progress of society at large depends on how any cohort of young adults fares as a whole. Investing in The Health and Well-Being of Young Adults will provide a roadmap to improving outcomes for this age group as they transition from adolescence to adulthood.

Download or read book Building America s Skilled Technical Workforce written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-06-04 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skilled technical occupationsâ€"defined as occupations that require a high level of knowledge in a technical domain but do not require a bachelor's degree for entryâ€"are a key component of the U.S. economy. In response to globalization and advances in science and technology, American firms are demanding workers with greater proficiency in literacy and numeracy, as well as strong interpersonal, technical, and problem-solving skills. However, employer surveys and industry and government reports have raised concerns that the nation may not have an adequate supply of skilled technical workers to achieve its competitiveness and economic growth objectives. In response to the broader need for policy information and advice, Building America's Skilled Technical Workforce examines the coverage, effectiveness, flexibility, and coordination of the policies and various programs that prepare Americans for skilled technical jobs. This report provides action-oriented recommendations for improving the American system of technical education, training, and certification.

Download or read book Understanding Training Program Effectiveness written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past two decades presented significant economic challenges for Canadians without a post-secondary credential. Individuals with low education and skills are more likely to be unemployed than their more educated counterparts and when they are unemployed take longer to become re-employed (Hansen, 2007). In the context of the current global financial crisis, the importance of the education and skills gap is even more significant. Economic restructuring and associated large-scale permanent job losses in the manufacturing sector means that retraining will likely be required for large numbers of low-skilled and semi-skilled, long-tenured workers. In the past, some observers questioned whether training for low-skilled adults is an effective strategy (see Heckman, 2000). Now with mounting evidence of changing and rising skill requirements, the question has become not whether training works but which training works for which kinds of individuals under which kinds of circumstances. In other words, the effectiveness of training programs is likely to depend on the interaction between program design and delivery, individual needs and capabilities, and broader structural features of the policy and economic environment.

Download or read book Making College Work written by Harry J. Holzer and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical solutions for improving higher education opportunities for disadvantaged students Too many disadvantaged college students in America do not complete their coursework or receive any college credential, while others earn degrees or certificates with little labor market value. Large numbers of these students also struggle to pay for college, and some incur debts that they have difficulty repaying. The authors provide a new review of the causes of these problems and offer promising policy solutions. The circumstances affecting disadvantaged students stem both from issues on the individual side, such as weak academic preparation and financial pressures, and from institutional failures. Low-income students disproportionately attend schools that are underfunded and have weak performance incentives, contributing to unsatisfactory outcomes for many students. Some solutions, including better financial aid or academic supports, target individual students. Other solutions, such as stronger linkages between coursework and the labor market and more structured paths through the curriculum, are aimed at institutional reforms. All students, and particularly those from disadvantaged backgrounds, also need better and varied pathways both to college and directly to the job market, beginning in high school. We can improve college outcomes, but must also acknowledge that we must make hard choices and face difficult tradeoffs in the process. While no single policy is guaranteed to greatly improve college and career outcomes, implementing a number of evidence-based policies and programs together has the potential to improve these outcomes substantially.

Download or read book Effectiveness of Screened Demand driven Job Training Programs for Disadvantaged Workers written by Matthew D. Baird and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This appendix reproduces the instruments used in the analysis presented in RR-2980-DOL.

Download or read book Employment written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Title I of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act authorized the Department of Labor to fund and monitor locally administered programs to provide unemployed people with skills needed to find jobs. The act gave state and local authorities (prime sponsors) a large role in planning and managing employment and training programs. About $1.8 billion of title I funds was spent for classroom and on-the-job training programs during fiscal years (FY) 1975 to 1977. Of a sample of over 2,000 classroom training participants who left training during FY 1976, 49 percent obtained jobs after completing training. About 32 percent of the sample retained their jobs for at least 6 months. Of a sample of 800 on-the-job training participants who left training during the same year, 58 percent were retained by their employers, and about 38 percent were with their training employer after 6 months. Classroom training costs ranged from about $2,000 to $15,100, and on-the-job training ranged from about $1,500 to $14,600 per placement. The success of training programs may be affected by factors beyond the sponsor's control such as the motivation and capabilities of individuals served and the economic conditions of the sponsor's area. The primary reasons, however, for wide variations in sponsors' performances were inadequacies in the training programs and related services. Participants left training or their jobs for such reasons as lack of motivation and transportation problems.

Download or read book The Effects of Structural Employment and Training Programs on Inflation and Unemployment written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Training for Work is More Effective Than Working for the Dole written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates Australia's 'mutual obligation' policies for the unemployed, and makes a comparison with the United States, the United Kingdom and Denmark. The focus of this investigation is whether 'work first' strategies or labour market training programs are more effective at reducing long-term unemployment. The findings of this paper suggest that policies that encourage greater social investment in the long-term unemployed, within an activity requirement framework, are the most effective at reducing persistent unemployment.' It concludes that emphasising individual responsibility is not in itself problematic; however, policies that increase individual responsibility without simultaneously improving individual capacity, fail to redress the real labour market barriers faced by disadvantaged jobseekers. In addition, by not addressing the real reasons for income support dependence, Australiaâs âmutual obligationâ approach, as typified by the Work for the Dole program, only further stigmatises those already on the social and economical margins. [Executive summary]

Download or read book Modernizing the Workforce Investment Act written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on Higher Education and Workforce Training and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Training for Work is More Effective Than Working for the Dole written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates Australia's 'mutual obligation' policies for the unemployed, and makes a comparison with the United States, the United Kingdom and Denmark. The focus of this investigation is whether 'work first' strategies or labour market training programs are more effective at reducing long-term unemployment. The findings of this paper suggest that policies that encourage greater social investment in the long-term unemployed, within an activity requirement framework, are the most effective at reducing persistent unemployment.' It concludes that emphasising individual responsibility is not in itself problematic; however, policies that increase individual responsibility without simultaneously improving individual capacity, fail to redress the real labour market barriers faced by disadvantaged jobseekers. In addition, by not addressing the real reasons for income support dependence, Australiaâs âmutual obligationâ approach, as typified by the Work for the Dole program, only further stigmatises those already on the social and economical margins. [Executive summary].

Download or read book Downsizing the Federal Government written by Chris Edwards and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 2005-11-25 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The federal government is running huge budget deficits, spending too much, and heading toward a financial crisis. Federal spending soared under President George W. Bush, and the costs of programs for the elderly are set to balloon in coming years. Hurricane Katrina has made the federal budget situation even more desperate. In Downsizing the Federal Government Cato Institute budget expert Chris Edwards provides policymakers with solutions to the growing federal budget mess. Edwards identifies more than 100 federal programs that should be terminated, transferred to the states, or privatized in order to balance the budget and save hundreds of billions of dollars. Edwards proposes a balanced reform package of cuts to entitlements, domestic programs, and excess defense spending. He argues that these cuts would not only eliminate the deficit, but also strengthen the economy, enlarge personal freedom, and leave a positive fiscal legacy for the next generation. Downsizing the Federal Government discusses the systematic causes of wasteful spending, and it overflows with examples of federal programs that are obsolete and mismanaged. The book examines the budget process and shows how policymakers act contrary to the interests of average Americans by favoring special interests.

Download or read book Training Or Search Evidence and an Equilibrium Model written by Jun Nie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Training programs are a major tool of labor market policies in OECD countries. I use a unique panel data set on the labor market experience of individual German workers between 2000 and 2002 to estimate a dynamic model of search and training, which allows me to quantify the impact of training programs and unemployment benefits on employment, unemployment, output, and the government expenditures. The model extends Ljungqvist and Sargent (JPE, 1998) by incorporating a training decision and a broader menu of unemployment benefits. Government-sponsored training programs feature a key trade-off with respect to unemployment insurance programs: they offer more generous unemployment benefits but require more time and effort from workers to generate higher skills. As a result, unemployed workers with different human capital and benefits make different decisions about training, search, and job acceptance. I use the model to quantitatively study the recent reforms implemented in Germany and run more counterfactual experiments. I simulate the transition path under back-to-back unexpected reforms in 2003-2006 and find the dynamics of the model's unemployment rates are close to the data. In a counterfactual experiment in which I model an economy with a German-like training system and a US-like unemployment benefit structure (roughly, benefits are lower), I find that employment and output rise substantially.

Download or read book How the Government Measures Unemployment written by and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistical method used by the USA labour administration for the measurement of unemployment.