Download or read book Approaches for Estimating Critical Loads of Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition for Forest Ecosystems on U S Federal Lands written by Linda H. Pardo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Projected emissions of sulfur and nitrogen are expected to have continuing negative impacts on forests, in spite of reductions in sulfur emissions as a result of SO2 control programs. Sulfur and nitrogen emissions present serious long-term threats to forest health and productivity in the United States. This report is intended to explain the differences in approaches for calculating critical loads for forest ecosystems in Europe, Canada, and the United States; it is directed to air quality regulators and Federal Land Managers (FLMs) in the United States, and addresses concerns particular to U.S. Federal lands. The paper describes the basic mass balance approach for calculating critical loads, presents the various critical thresholds, and explains the assumptions inherent in the calculation and data selection procedure. The input necessary from FLMs in the process of estimating the critical load is described.
Download or read book Assessment of Atmospheric Nitrogen and Sulfur Deposition Critical Loads for Aquatic and Terrestrial Resources on National Forest System Lands in the Intermountain Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical load (CL) is a science-based threshold that identifies the amount of pollutant deposition below which no significant ecological harm to an ecosystem component is expected. This report provides baseline critical load (CL) analyses for nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) as required under the 2012 Planning Rule for forest plan assessments. The data also can be used to inform land management decisions where the effects of N and S deposition are relevant, including the evaluation of large projects through the National Environmental Policy Act, Prevention of Significant Deterioration (PSD) permitting program, wilderness monitoring, and watershed condition. Significant portions of the USDA Forest Service system lands in the Intermountain Region are exposed to N deposition levels that exceed CLs. Areas in exceedance have an increased risk of negative ecological effects. Nine of the 12 National Forests within the Intermountain Region have areas that exceed CLs for surface water acidification and therefore are at higher risk for declines in abundance and diversity of aquatic species. All 12 National Forests have areas that exceed CLs for surface water eutrophication, lichen species richness, forage lichen abundance, and tree species growth rate and probability of survival (over 10 years). In areas with increased risk of surface water eutrophication, competitive interactions and community structure of primary producers can shift and cause compounding effects within the food web. Diversity and abundance of key aquatic species may decrease to the point of extirpation. Areas that exceed CLs for lichen species richness and forage lichen abundance have an increased risk to experience reduced diversity, occurrence, and abundance of lichen species which can negatively affect other biota such as mammals, birds, and invertebrates, that rely on lichens for food, shelter, and camouflage. Areas with an increased risk for declines in tree growth rate and probability of survival may experience a change in the composition of forest communities.
Download or read book Air Pollution and Its Impacts on U S National Parks written by Timothy J. Sullivan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A variety of air pollutants are emitted into the atmosphere from human-caused and natural emissions sources throughout the United States and elsewhere. These contaminants impact sensitive natural resources in wilderness, including the national parks. The system of national parks in the United States is among our greatest assets. This book provides a compilation and synthesis of current scientific understanding regarding the causes and effects of these pollutants within national park lands. It describes pollutant emissions, deposition, and exposures; it identifies the critical (tipping point) loads of pollutant deposition at which adverse impacts are manifested.
Download or read book Advancing the Fundamental Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book General Technical Report PNW GTR written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Effects of Acid Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Nitrogen Deposition Effects and Empirical Critical Loads of Nitrogen for Ecoregions of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report synthesizes current research relating atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition to effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the United States and to identify empirical critical loads for atmospheric N deposition. The report evaluates the following receptors: freshwater diatoms, mycorrhizal fungi and other soil microbes, lichens, herbaceous plants, shrubs, and trees. The main responses reported fell into two categories: (1) biogeochemical; and (2) individual species, population, and community responses. The range of critical loads for nutrient N reported for U.S. ecoregions, inland surface waters, and freshwater wetlands is presented. This range spans the range of N deposition observed over most of the country. The empirical critical loads for N tend to increase in the following sequence for four different life forms: diatoms, lichens and bryophytes, mycorrhizal fungi, herbaceous plants, shrubs, trees.
Download or read book Interior Environment and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2007 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Critical Loads and Dynamic Risk Assessments written by Wim de Vries and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique overview of research methods over the past 25 years assessing critical loads and temporal effects of the deposition of air pollutants. It includes critical load methods and applications addressing acidification, eutrophication and heavy metal pollution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Applications include examples for each air pollution threat, both at local and regional scale, including Europe, Asia, Canada and the US. The book starts with background information on the effects of the deposition of sulphur, nitrogen and heavy metals and geochemical and biological indicators for risk assessments. The use of those indicators is then illustrated in the assessment of critical loads and their exceedances and in the temporal assessment of air pollution risks. It also includes the most recent developments of assessing critical loads and current and future risks of soil and water chemistry and biodiversity under climate change, with a special focus on nitrogen. The book thus provides a complete overview of the knowledge that is currently used for the scientific support of policies in the field of air pollution control to protect ecosystem services.
Download or read book Global Sulfur and Nitrogen Depositions written by Jiani Tan (Researcher in civil engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing nitrogen (N) emissions caused by human activities lead to elevations of N deposition in the ecosystems. And excessive N deposition is associated with a host of environmental issues. This study investigates several issues about N deposition. First, we map the global distribution of N deposition with ensemble results of several global climate models. The model predictions of N wet deposition generally agree well with site observations over North America, Europe and East Asia, but model underestimation of NH4+ wet deposition exists over all three regions. And more studies are required for measurement-poor regions, some of which happen to be the most heavily polluted regions (i.e. China and India). Then, we investigate the two predominant drivers of future N deposition: anthropogenic emissions and climate changes. We examine the effectiveness of emission control on reducing N deposition over United States via modelling approach. NH3 emission abatement is not likely to cause significant reduction of reduced forms of nitrogen (NHx̳) deposition, owing to the current atmospheric level of gas-phase NH3. Long-range transport of air pollutants, as a potential impact of climate changes, increases the N burden on low emission intensity regions (i.e. Russia), coastal regions and Open Ocean, especially on those in the downwind regions of intensive emission sources. The impacts of excessive N deposition on terrestrial ecosystems are assessed by critical loads (CL), which is a threshold to show the natural capability on bearing N deposition. We collect several CLs from literature, and most of them were developed on regional scale (i.e. United States, Europe and China). In the practice of applying these datasets to access the exceedance of CLs, we find large uncertainties related to the land type classification, which may challenge the interpolation of results. We conduct a preliminary study on the deposition of phosphorus (P). The switches of nutrient limitation patterns from N-limited to P-limited by many ecosystems, due to inputs of N by human activities, draw the public attention on P deposition. But the lack of long-term measurement data and uncertainty on major parameters in the numerical simulations limit our understanding on the P budget.
Download or read book Water resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Challenges of Multipollutant Air Quality Management written by George M. Hidy and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-30 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent critiques of air quality management approaches currently employed in developed and many developing countries have suggested that efficiencies could be achieved if air quality management practices shifted from pollutant-by-pollutant approaches to a comprehensive multipollutant approach in which emission reduction decisions are based on relative risk and evaluated on their effectiveness in meeting environmental and health goals. This book assesses our technical readiness to undertake such an approach, and it outlines the technical developments that will be needed to achieve a risk-based approach air quality management that includes means for measuring the effectiveness of management decisions.
Download or read book Federal Land Managers Critical Loads for Sulfur and Nitrogen Workshop March 30 April 1 2004 Denver CO written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 1960 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting Abstracts written by Ecological Society of America. Meeting and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Responses of Forest Ecosystems to Nitrogen Deposition written by Frank S Gilliam and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2021-10-29 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite effective global-scale legislation to restrict the emissions of nitrogen (N) into the atmosphere, atmospheric deposition of N remains high in many forested regions. In addition, many N-impacted forests still retain the imprint of N saturation, such as altered species composition and leaching of essential base cations. Accordingly, we need a further understanding of the complexities of N cycling in forest ecosystems and the effects of excess N on forest biodiversity and biogeochemical cycling. This volume explores these complexities, including effects on plants, plant assemblages, and forest biogeochemistry, by synthesizing research from Asia, Europe, and North America. Because of the widespread nature of current declines in N deposition, this book ends with a look to the future as N-impacted forests experience a return to lower levels of atmospheric deposition of N.
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
