Download or read book Application of the Reference Temperature to the Evaluation of Cleavage Fracture in HSLA 100 Steel written by Gerard P. Mercier and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture behavior of HSLA-100 steel at a temperature of -40°C (-40°F). Tests were conducted on three different compositions and two orientations of HSLA-100. HY-100 was also tested to provide a baseline for comparison. Various fracture-related tests were conducted, including traditional test methods, such as the Charpy V-notch and the Dynamic Tear, and more recent methods, such as ductile crack growth initiation (Jic) and the reference temperature. Transition temperatures from the Charpy tests were all very similar, falling around -129°C (-200°F), although the upper shelf Charpy energy for the HY-100 was lower than the HSLA-100 steels. Dynamic tear energies at -40°C for the four steels ranged from 800 to 1800 J. The average reference temperature of all four steels, measured according to ASTM E 1921, was around -151°C (-240°F), with one composition of HSLA-100 coming in as low as -179°C (-290°F) and another as high as -123°C (-190°F). Fracture toughness tests were conducted according to E 1820 at temperatures of -40, -29, and -8°C. These temperatures were more than 83°C above the highest of the reference temperatures, so cleavage fracture was not expected to occur. The HY-100 specimens exhibited an average initiation toughness of 227 kJ/m2 (1296 Ib/in.) and crack growth remained ductile throughout the tests. Even though the HSLA-100 exhibited initiation toughnesses more than twice as high as the HY-100, many of the tests terminated in cleavage fracture after amounts of ductile crack growth varying from 0 to 1.85 mm (0.073 in.). This was an unexpected result based on good Charpy and dynamic tear energies at -40°C, and low reference temperatures. The higher initiation toughness and tearing resistance of HSLA-100 allowed very high stresses to develop in the fracture process zone. As ductile crack growth occurred, the fracture process zone swept through an increasing volume of metal, which increased the probability of cleavage fracture. It is shown that the load required to reach these levels of crack driving force may be above gross section yielding of a typical structure. In this case failure by gross section yielding would occur before fracture. This is demonstrated with the aid of a failure assessment diagram.

Download or read book The Effect of Temperature on the Tensile Properties of HSLA 100 Steel written by James E. Hamilton and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels have been shown to posses high strength and toughness. Additionally, these steels can be welded without the normal preheating required by comparable HY-series steels. HSLA-100, 100 Ksi yield strength, contains increased amounts of copper, manganese and nickel over the currently certified HSLA-80. However, prior to use in Naval ship construction knowledge of the steels toughness behavior is necessary. Existing fracture mechanics models are not applicable to HSLA-100 because HSLA-100 has only 0.04% carbon and these models use carbides as the nucleation sites for cleavage fracture. This research is part of a program to investigate and model the micromechanics of deformation and fracture of HSLA-100. Tensile testing of hourglass shaped specimens was conducted at quasi-static strain rates. Individual tensile test temperatures ranged from 24 C to -196 C. True stress, corrected for necking, and true plastic strain were monitored throughout the tests. This allowed a comparison to be made between the plastic strain behavior of HSLA-100 steel and a traditional constitutive equation used to describe the stress-strain behavior of metals.

Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Publications of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Catalog written by National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Failure Analysis of Heat Treated Steel Components written by Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2008 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy written by G. Wicks and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains papers presented at the Materials Innovations in an Emerging Hydrogen Economy Conference in Februrary 2008 in Cocoa Beach, Florida. It provides a useful one-stop resource for understanding the most important issues in the research and applications of materials innovations. The text features logically organized and carefully selected articles, organized into: International Overviews; Hydrogen Storage; Hydrogen Production; Hydrogen Delivery; and Leakage Detection/Safety. This comprises an essential resource for industrial and academic chemists and engineers.

Download or read book Government Reports Annual Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Weld Integrity and Performance written by Steve Lampman and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key articles from over 10 separate ASM publications are brought together as a practical reference on weld integrity crack prevention. This book thoroughly covers the essentials of weld solidification and cracking, weldability and material selection, process control and heat treatment, failure analysis, and fatigue and fracture mechanics weldments. Contents also include an appendix for quick reference of tabular data on weldability of alloys, process selection, recommended interpass and heat treatment temperatures, and qualification codes and standards.

Download or read book Thermomechanical Processing of High Strength Low Alloy Steels written by Imao Tamura and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermomechanical Processing of High-Strength Low-Alloy Steels considers some advanced techniques and metallurgical bases for controlled-rolling. This book contains 12 chapters. In Chapter 1, the purpose of thermomechanical processing and historical survey is described, while in Chapter 2, the kinetics of phase transformations and refinement of grain size in steels are elaborated. The techniques and metallurgical bases for controlled-rolling in the recrystallization, non-recrystallization, and (? + y) regions are reviewed in Chapters 3 to 5. Chapters 6 and 7 discuss the deformation resistance during hot-rolling and restoration processes. The phase transformations during cooling following hot-rolling are mentioned in Chapter 8, followed by a summarization of the effects of alloying elements in Chapter 9. Chapters 10 and 11 deal with the mechanical properties of controlled-rolled steel and prediction and control of microstructure and properties by thermomechanical processes. The problems faced and possibilities for future developments are stated in the last chapter. This publication is recommended for physicists, metallurgists, and researchers concerned with controlled-rolling, including non-specialists who have some knowledge of metallurgy.

Download or read book Oil and Gas Pipelines written by R. Winston Revie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-20 with total page 868 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and detailed reference guide on the integrity and safety of oil and gas pipelines, both onshore and offshore Covers a wide variety of topics, including design, pipe manufacture, pipeline welding, human factors, residual stresses, mechanical damage, fracture and corrosion, protection, inspection and monitoring, pipeline cleaning, direct assessment, repair, risk management, and abandonment Links modern and vintage practices to help integrity engineers better understand their system and apply up-to-date technology to older infrastructure Includes case histories with examples of solutions to complex problems related to pipeline integrity Includes chapters on stress-based and strain-based design, the latter being a novel type of design that has only recently been investigated by designer firms and regulators Provides information to help those who are responsible to establish procedures for ensuring pipeline integrity and safety

Download or read book Introduction to the Physical Metallurgy of Welding written by Kenneth Easterling and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to the Physical Metallurgy of Welding deals primarily with the welding of steels, which reflects the larger volume of literature on this material; however, many of the principles discussed can also be applied to other alloys. The book is divided into four chapters, in which the middle two deal with the microstructure and properties of the welded joint, such as the weld metal and the heat-affected zone. The first chapter is designed to provide a wider introduction to the many process variables of fusion welding, particularly those that may influence microstructure and properties, while the final chapter is concerned with cracking and fracture in welds. A comprehensive case study of the Alexander Kielland North Sea accommodation platform disaster is also discussed at the end. The text is written for undergraduate or postgraduate courses in departments of metallurgy, materials science, or engineering materials. The book will also serve as a useful revision text for engineers concerned with welding problems in industry.

Download or read book Micromechanism of Cleavage Fracture of Metals written by Jianhong Chen and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2014-09-15 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the authors focus on the description of the physical nature of cleavage fracture to offer scientists, engineers and students a comprehensive physical model which vividly describes the cleavage microcracking processes operating on the local (microscopic) scale ahead of a defect. The descriptions of the critical event and the criteria for cleavage fracture will instruct readers in how to control the cleavage processes and optimize microstructure to improve fracture toughness of metallic materials. - Physical (mechanical) processes of cleavage fracture operating on the local (microscopic) scale, with the focus on the crack nucleation and crack propagation across the particle/grain and grain/grain boundaries - Critical event, i.e., the stage of greatest difficulty in forming the microcrack, which controls the cleavage fracture - Criteria triggering the cleavage microcracking with incorporation of the actions of macroscopic loading environment into the physical model - Effects of microstructure on the cleavage fracture, including the effects of grain size, second phase particles and boundary - Comprehensive description of the brittle fracture emerging in TiAl alloys and TiNi memory alloys

Download or read book Bainite and Martensite written by Carlos Garcia-Mateo and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microstructures of both martensite and bainite, although sharing some common features, depict a plethora of subtle differences that made them unique when studied in further detail. Tailoring the final properties of a microstructure based on one or the other as well as in combination with others and exploring more sophisticated concepts, such as Q&P and nanostructured bainite, are the topics which are the focus of research around the world. In understanding the key microstructural parameters controlling the final properties as well as definition of adequate process parameters to attain the desired microstructures requires that a proper understanding of the mechanism ruling their transformation and a detailed characterization first be acheived. The development of new and powerful scientific techniques and equipment (EBSD, APT, HRTEM, etc.) allow us to gain fundamental insights that help to establish some of the principles by which those microstructures are known. The developments accompanying such findings lead to further developments and intensive research providing the required metallurgical support.

Download or read book Physics Briefs written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 998 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: