Download or read book Animal Genetics and Diseases Advances in Farming and Livestock Systems written by Mark S. Fife and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-02-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new Animal Genetics and Disease 2017 conference committee organized a Research Topic for the proceedings of this inaugural conference. The meeting brought together specialists working on the interface between genomics, genetic engineering, and infectious disease, with the aims of improving animal and human health and welfare. This conference was funded by Advanced Courses and Scientific Conference at the Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK. The conference will highlight breakthroughs in genomic technologies that are rapidly increasing our understanding of the fundamental role that host and pathogen genetics play in infections and epidemics. This Research Topic focuses on how infections spread and how they further affect the productivity of livestock systems and food supply chains. Thanks to technological advances, we now have the tools for real-time surveillance of zoonoses affecting wildlife, farm animals and animal-to-human disease transmission.
Download or read book Animal Breeding and Genetics written by Matthew L. Spangler and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-01 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly updated and revised volume of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology (ESST) details the role of Animal Breeding and Genetics in the sustainability of animal agriculture. The volume covers scientific principles and applications includes the current science used to advance cattle, poultry, swine,sheep, and equine populations, as well as the future role of techniques such as gene editing. International leaders in the field explain foundational concepts such as heritability, the covariance between relatives, statistical approaches to predicting the genetic merit of individuals, and the development and advancement of molecular techniques to elucidate changes in the DNA sequence that underly phenotypic variation. The use of genetic-based tools to improve animal agriculture and meet consumer demands across species is treated in detail. Readers will gain an understanding of how global livestock producers have implemented advanced genetic selection tools and used them to improve reproduction, production, efficiency, health, and sustainability. The interactions of genetics and production environments, and the genetic components of the complex interactions among animals are also discussed. The future of Animal Breeding and Genetics, including the challenges and opportunities that exist in feeding a growing world population, are addressed.
Download or read book Breeding for Disease Resistance in Farm Animals written by Stephen C. Bishop and published by CABI. This book was released on 2010 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition provides an updated review of the principles of animal breeding for advanced health and disease resistance. Authored by experts, it uses examples covering many diseases of importance to livestock production across all major livestock species. Topics include techniques and approaches, viruses, Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies (TSEs), bacteria, parasites, vectors, and broader health issues seen in production systems, including metabolic diseases.
Download or read book Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics written by Muhammad Abubakar and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2017-03-22 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is very important to understand the recent advances and basic concepts of veterinary genetics to explore the possibilities for control of diseases in animals. They are also significant for enhancing animal production and reproduction. Our book Trends and Advances in Veterinary Genetics provides a concise introduction and details to the aspects of genetics relevant to animal science and production. This is the first edition of the book so it covers the introductory level of topics which are ideal for veterinary students, classroom use, and practitioners who require more guidance with genetics. The book coverage includes the following main sections: Biotechnology and Reproductive Genetics, Advances in Embryonic Genetics, Conservation and Basic Genetics, and Veterinary Genetics and Future. Each book section comprises two chapters from renowned experts from the area and gives readers a unique opportunity to explore the topic.
Download or read book The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture written by Barbara Rischkowsky and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable management of the world's livestock genetic diversity is of vital importance to agriculture, food production, rural development and the environment. "The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture" is the first global assessment of these resources. Drawing on 169 Country Reports, contributions from a number of international organizations and 12 specially commissioned thematic studies, it presents an analysis of the state of agricultural biodiversity in the livestock sector - origins and development, uses and values, distribution and exchange, risk status and threats - and of capacity to manage these resources - institutions, policies and legal frameworks, structured breeding activities and conservation programmes. Needs and challenges are assessed in the context of the forces driving change in livestock production systems. Tools and methods to enhance the use and development of animal genetic resources are explored in sections on the state of the art in characterization, genetic improvement, economic evaluation and conservation. The main findings of the report are summarized in "The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture - in brief," of which the Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish versions can be found on the attached CD-ROM and are also available separately in printed form. As well providing a technical reference document, the country-based preparation of "The State of the World" has led to a process of policy development and a "Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources," which once adopted, will provide an agenda for action by the international community. Published also in French.
Download or read book Application of New Genetic Technologies to Animal Breeding written by Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics. Conference and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2005 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Association for the Advancement of Animal Breeding and Genetics Inc. is a professional organisation based in Australia and New Zealand for livestock scientists, breeders, educators, students and industry service providers.
Download or read book Genetic Engineering of Animals written by J. Evans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: J. Warren Evans Department of Animal Science Texas A&M University College Station, Texas 77843 In the near future, improvement of domestic animals for the production of food and fiber is poised to undergo a revolution by the utilization of recent breakthroughs and advances in molecular genetics, embryo manipula tions, and gene transfer systems. Utilization of these techniques will have a wide impact on animal agriculture by improvement of production effi ciency via manipulation and control of many physiological systems. The end result will be to decrease production costs, increase food production and quality, and lower food costs. Health and well being of domestic and other animals will be improved as a result of new methods of disease diagnosis, vaccine production, and disease prevention practices. Genetic engineering also offers the possibility of utilizing animals for the development of pharmaceutical products to benefit society. Research progress will be en hanced via manipulation of the gene pool. The objectives of this Conference were to discuss the current status of animal bioengineering and to realistically assess the potential applica tions of current and future genetic technologies for the production of food and fiber to meet the needs of our hungry world, and to provide animal sci entists who may wish to utilize bioengineering in current or future re search programs with current background information regarding concepts, ap plications, and methodologies.
Download or read book Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-21 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly a century, scientific advances have fueled progress in U.S. agriculture to enable American producers to deliver safe and abundant food domestically and provide a trade surplus in bulk and high-value agricultural commodities and foods. Today, the U.S. food and agricultural enterprise faces formidable challenges that will test its long-term sustainability, competitiveness, and resilience. On its current path, future productivity in the U.S. agricultural system is likely to come with trade-offs. The success of agriculture is tied to natural systems, and these systems are showing signs of stress, even more so with the change in climate. More than a third of the food produced is unconsumed, an unacceptable loss of food and nutrients at a time of heightened global food demand. Increased food animal production to meet greater demand will generate more greenhouse gas emissions and excess animal waste. The U.S. food supply is generally secure, but is not immune to the costly and deadly shocks of continuing outbreaks of food-borne illness or to the constant threat of pests and pathogens to crops, livestock, and poultry. U.S. farmers and producers are at the front lines and will need more tools to manage the pressures they face. Science Breakthroughs to Advance Food and Agricultural Research by 2030 identifies innovative, emerging scientific advances for making the U.S. food and agricultural system more efficient, resilient, and sustainable. This report explores the availability of relatively new scientific developments across all disciplines that could accelerate progress toward these goals. It identifies the most promising scientific breakthroughs that could have the greatest positive impact on food and agriculture, and that are possible to achieve in the next decade (by 2030).
Download or read book The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in Brief written by Barbara Rischkowsky and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This "in brief" version, intended for use by decision-makers and the wider public, presents a summary of the key findings of the main report (see above). Part 1 outlines the state of agricultural biodiversity in the livestock sector. Part 2 considers the livestock production systems of which animal genetic resources form a part. Part 3 - largely based on the 148 Country reports - is an assessment of institutional and human capacity in the field of animal genetic resources management. Part 4 presents the state of the art in terms of the methods available for the management of animal genetic resources. As well as providing a technical reference document, the country-based preparation of The State of the World" has led to a process of policy development and a Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources, which once adopted, will provide an agenda for action by the international community.
Download or read book Farm Animal Genetic Resources written by Geoff Simm and published by . This book was released on 2004-01-01 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of developments in the conservation and sustainable utilisation of Farm Animal Genetic Resources. It is based on presentations given at a conference on this subject co-organised by the British Society of Animal Science, the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, the Rare Breeds Survival Trust and the Sheep Trust.
Download or read book Utilisation and conservation of farm animal genetic resources written by Kor Oldenbroek and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2023-08-28 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The genetic diversity comprised in farm animal species and breeds is an important resource in livestock systems. For several reasons, within the different species used for food production, only a few breeds are developed towards high-output breeds fitting in high-input systems. In this process many breeds are set aside from the food producing livestock systems. These breeds will be faced with extinction unless new functions for these breeds are found. This is a real threat for the genetic diversity within species. This book is intended to give insight into the issues of the utilisation and conservation of farm animal genetic resources towards a broad group of readers interested in these subjects. The insight is presented as applications of population, molecular and quantitative genetics that can be used to take appropriate decisions in utilisation and conservation programmes. A previous edition of this book is a key resource in courses worldwide and cited in many scientific publications. The first two chapters discuss the decisions to be made in utilisation and conservation. Chapter 3 surveys the different ways in which the diversity we observe within a species can be characterised. Chapter 4 illustrates recent results using this theory for utilisation and conservation purposes. Chapters 5, 6 and 7 give theoretical backgrounds necessary to make decisions and chapters 8 and 9 present the operation and practical implications of selection and conservation schemes."
Download or read book Genetic Improvement Of Livestock And Poultry written by C.V. Singh and published by New India Publishing Agency. This book was released on 2013-01-15 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents conventional and modern breeding technologies in the vital areas of animal breeding, to stimulate more research, and to rapidly pass such modern techniques to scientific community. Various conventional breeding technologies used for selection and faster multiplication of superior cattle and buffalo germplasm have contributed significantly to increase in milk production, which were mainly due to the technologies developed in the areas of quantitative genetics and reproductive biology. These included methodologies for selection of females based upon their expected producing ability and young males based on the performance of progeny. Emerging developments in the areas of molecular marker systems in animals, genome maps, methods of detecting Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) linkages, Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) etc., are latest tools to be used in breeding programmes for enhancing the rate of genetic progress. These modern techniques could be of great help for those traits, for which the conventional technologies have limitations in their use. Therefore, integration of molecular markers with conventional breeding technologies involving pedigree and phenotypic information are probable future breeding tools for genetic improvement of livestock and poultry.
Download or read book Genetics and Breeding for Disease Resistance of Livestock written by Aruna Pal and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-10-22 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics and Breeding for Disease Resistance of Livestock is a solid resource that combines important information on the underlying genetic causes and governing factors for disease resistance in food animals and applications for breeding purposes. It describes genomics at each species level to help researchers and students understand disease resistance and immunology using genomics and its application in breeding for disease resistance. This useful reference makes it easy for readers to understand and undergo further research in immunology and disease resistance for livestock. It includes novel applications and research material that is ideal for students, teachers, academicians and researchers. Presents basic principles and protocols to describe research methodologies through diagrammatic illustrations with figures, flow charts, examples, and references Covers various disease occurrences in livestock and the methodologies available to identify the various pathogens responsible for these diseases Includes advanced breeding techniques and practical applications
Download or read book Genetics and Breeding written by Hartmann Pfenning and published by . This book was released on 2017-10 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal breeding and genetics is concerned with maximizing desirable genetic traits, such as producing animals that have leaner meat. Animal geneticists have identified elements within genes that can enhance animal growth, health, and ability to utilize nutrients. These genetic advances can increase production while reducing environmental impacts. Animals and livestock contribute 40 percent of the global value of agricultural output and contribute to the livelihoods and food security of almost a billion people worldwide. Advances in animal breeding, genetics, and genomics are facilitating a more efficient industry. For example, the number of cattle has decreased over the past decade, yet the total production of beef and milk has increased. This was largely possible because genetic advancements led better animal feed efficiency, which is critical to improving livestock production and lowering costs for producers. Reproduction and early development in domestic animals are biological processes in which complex genetic events like formation of the germ cells, meiosis, syngamy, zygote formation, cleavage, midblastula transition, dose compensation of sex chromosomes, genetic imprinting, and multiple cell differentiation take place. Many of these processes have great impact in veterinary reproductive medicine and are influenced by the assisted reproductive techniques applied. Transformed environmental and metabolic conditions caused by intensive livestock farming influence reproductive success by altered gene expression via epigenetic changes. In this concept molecular markers give valuable information. This volume `Genetics and Breeding¿ discusses ways and means to improve productivity through breeding are discussed and some basic issues requiring further research pointed out. It aims to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic disparity in animals by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new idea and techniques used for the assessment of genetic variety, often from very different perspectives. This book is a comprehensive source of knowledge on the latest advances in the field of animal genetics and breeding. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of genetics and breeding, and molecular biology.
Download or read book Farm Animals Advances in Genomics written by Johann Casini and published by States Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-11-16 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of genomes of organisms which incorporates the principles of genetics is referred to as genomics. DNA sequencing, bioinformatics and recombinant DNA are some of the techniques studied under this discipline. Humans depend on farm animals for various products such as meat, milk, fur, leather, egg, etc. The study of farm animals' genome aims to make use of the understanding of genomics and proteomics for the purpose of increasing livestock productivity, sustainable breeding and xenotransplantation. Increased disease resistance and inheritance of desired characteristics are some of the prominent applications of animal genetics and genome study. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included in this book. It is a compilation of chapters that discuss the most vital concepts and emerging trends in the field of farm animal genomics. As this field is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.
Download or read book Advances in Farm Animal Genomic Resources written by Stéphane Joost and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-28 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of livestock started with the domestication of their wild ancestors: a restricted number of species allowed to be tamed and entered a symbiotic relationship with humans. In exchange for food, shelter and protection, they provided us with meat, eggs, hides, wool and draught power, thus contributing considerably to our economic and cultural development. Depending on the species, domestication took place in different areas and periods. After domestication, livestock spread over all inhabited regions of the earth, accompanying human migrations and becoming also trade objects. This required an adaptation to different climates and varying styles of husbandry and resulted in an enormous phenotypic diversity. Approximately 200 years ago, the situation started to change with the rise of the concept of breed. Animals were selected for the same visible characteristics, and crossing with different phenotypes was reduced. This resulted in the formation of different breeds, mostly genetically isolated from other populations. A few decades ago, selection pressure was increased again with intensive production focusing on a limited range of types and a subsequent loss of genetic diversity. For short-term economic reasons, farmers have abandoned traditional breeds. As a consequence, during the 20th century, at least 28% of farm animal breeds became extinct, rare or endangered. The situation is alarming in developing countries, where native breeds adapted to local environments and diseases are being replaced by industrial breeds. In the most marginal areas, farm animals are considered to be essential for viable land use and, in the developing world, a major pathway out of poverty. Historic documentation from the period before the breed formation is scarce. Thus, reconstruction of the history of livestock populations depends on archaeological, archeo-zoological and DNA analysis of extant populations. Scientific research into genetic diversity takes advantage of the rapid advances in molecular genetics. Studies of mitochondrial DNA, microsatellite DNA profiling and Y-chromosomes have revealed details on the process of domestication, on the diversity retained by breeds and on relationships between breeds. However, we only see a small part of the genetic information and the advent of new technologies is most timely in order to answer many essential questions. High-throughput single-nucleotide polymorphism genotyping is about to be available for all major farm animal species. The recent development of sequencing techniques calls for new methods of data management and analysis and for new ideas for the extraction of information. To make sense of this information in practical conditions, integration of geo-environmental and socio-economic data are key elements. The study and management of farm animal genomic resources (FAnGR) is indeed a major multidisciplinary issue. The goal of the present Research Topic was to collect contributions of high scientific quality relevant to biodiversity management, and applying new methods to either new genomic and bioinformatics approaches for characterization of FAnGR, to the development of FAnGR conservation methods applied ex-situ and in-situ, to socio-economic aspects of FAnGR conservation, to transfer of lessons between wildlife and livestock biodiversity conservation, and to the contribution of FAnGR to a transition in agriculture (FAnGR and agro-ecology).
Download or read book Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By 2050 the world's population is projected to grow by one-third, reaching between 9 and 10 billion. With globalization and expected growth in global affluence, a substantial increase in per capita meat, dairy, and fish consumption is also anticipated. The demand for calories from animal products will nearly double, highlighting the critical importance of the world's animal agriculture system. Meeting the nutritional needs of this population and its demand for animal products will require a significant investment of resources as well as policy changes that are supportive of agricultural production. Ensuring sustainable agricultural growth will be essential to addressing this global challenge to food security. Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability identifies areas of research and development, technology, and resource needs for research in the field of animal agriculture, both nationally and internationally. This report assesses the global demand for products of animal origin in 2050 within the framework of ensuring global food security; evaluates how climate change and natural resource constraints may impact the ability to meet future global demand for animal products in sustainable production systems; and identifies factors that may impact the ability of the United States to meet demand for animal products, including the need for trained human capital, product safety and quality, and effective communication and adoption of new knowledge, information, and technologies. The agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges that will require innovations, new technologies, and new ways of approaching agriculture if the food, feed, and fiber needs of the global population are to be met. The recommendations of Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability will inform a new roadmap for animal science research to meet the challenges of sustainable animal production in the 21st century.
