Download or read book Analysis of Chronic Diseases Progression Using Stochastic Modeling written by Iman Mohammed Attia Abd-Elkhalik and published by Iman Mohammed Attia Abd-Elkhalik. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book that handles the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from the bio-statistical point of view . The statistical method used is Continuous Time Markov Chains ( CTMCs) utilizing the MLE and quasi-Newton method to estimates the transition rate matrix , once obtained , the transition probability matrix can be estimated by exponentiation of this rate matrix. The transition probability matrix can also be obtained by solving forward Kolmogorov differential equations which yields more stable solution than the matrix exponentiation. The rate probability matrix can then be used to estimate the number of patients in each stage of the disease process as well as the life expectancy in each stage. These statistical indices are of great importance for the health policy makers and medical insurance to allocate the resources for investigating and treating patients in each stage. These statistical indexes can also be used in longitudinal studies to follow up the rate of progression of each stage in response to medical treatment conducted by pharmaceutical companies. The (CTMCs) handle the disease in the general simplest form which is health-disease-death Multi-states model , in addition to the expanded model form with 9 states that represent the evolution of the disease over time. There is also a chapter that relates the high risk covariates such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension, to the rate of transition among states .
Download or read book The Application of Stochastic Models in Chronic Disease Epidemiology written by Allan Herries Smith and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment written by Nan Kong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A systematic review of the most current decision models and techniques for disease prevention and treatment Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment offers a comprehensive resource of the most current decision models and techniques for disease prevention and treatment. With contributions from leading experts in the field, this important resource presents information on the optimization of chronic disease prevention, infectious disease control and prevention, and disease treatment and treatment technology. Designed to be accessible, in each chapter the text presents one decision problem with the related methodology to showcase the vast applicability of operations research tools and techniques in advancing medical decision making. This vital resource features the most recent and effective approaches to the quickly growing field of healthcare decision analytics, which involves cost-effectiveness analysis, stochastic modeling, and computer simulation. Throughout the book, the contributors discuss clinical applications of modeling and optimization techniques to assist medical decision making within complex environments. Accessible and authoritative, Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment: Presents summaries of the state-of-the-art research that has successfully utilized both decision analytics and optimization tools within healthcare operations research Highlights the optimization of chronic disease prevention, infectious disease control and prevention, and disease treatment and treatment technology Includes contributions by well-known experts from operations researchers to clinical researchers, and from data scientists to public health administrators Offers clarification on common misunderstandings and misnomers while shedding light on new approaches in this growing area Designed for use by academics, practitioners, and researchers, Decision Analytics and Optimization in Disease Prevention and Treatment offers a comprehensive resource for accessing the power of decision analytics and optimization tools within healthcare operations research.
Download or read book Modeling Methods for Medical Systems Biology written by María Elena Álvarez-Buylla Roces and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contributes to better understand how lifestyle modulations can effectively halt the emergence and progression of human diseases. The book will allow the reader to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the environment interferes with the bio-molecular regulatory processes underlying the emergence and progression of complex diseases, such as cancer. Focusing on key and early cellular bio-molecular events giving rise to the emergence of degenerative chronic disease, it builds on previous experience on the development of multi-cellular organisms, to propose a mathematical and computer based framework that allows the reader to analyze the complex interplay between bio-molecular processes and the (micro)-environment from an integrative, mechanistic, quantitative and dynamical perspective. Taking the wealth of empirical evidence that exists it will show how to build and analyze models of core regulatory networks involved in the emergence and progression of chronic degenerative diseases, using a bottom-up approach.
Download or read book Stochastic Models Chronic Disease written by Tautu and published by Gower Publishing Company, Limited. This book was released on 1992-01-02 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Advances in Stochastic Modelling and Data Analysis written by Jacques Janssen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Stochastic Modelling and Data Analysis presents the most recent developments in the field, together with their applications, mainly in the areas of insurance, finance, forecasting and marketing. In addition, the possible interactions between data analysis, artificial intelligence, decision support systems and multicriteria analysis are examined by top researchers. Audience: A wide readership drawn from theoretical and applied mathematicians, such as operations researchers, management scientists, statisticians, computer scientists, bankers, marketing managers, forecasters, and scientific societies such as EURO and TIMS.
Download or read book A Stochastic Model of Cancer Progression written by Jason Derek Rose and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stochastic Modeling Optimization Methods written by Kunchi Madhavi and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has discussed some stochastic models on cancer cell growth with Bi-variate stochastic processes. The pathophysiology of cancer growth was modeled with postulates of Poisson processes. In the first phase, the mathematical relations for various statistical measures like expected number, variances of both normal and mutant cells were derived for normal and mutant cells. The second phase deals with extension of proposed model to study the tumor behaviour during drug administration and during drug vacation as a part of cancer treatment with chemotherapy. Sensitivity analysis of the model is carried out with suitable simulated numerical data. Stochastic model for cancer growth as a result of spontaneous mutation and proliferation of cells during drug vacation and during chemotherapy were developed. The model is extended for two stage mutant cell growth. The third phase of the study has formulated two stochastic programming problems for optimal drug administration in drug presence and absence, for calculating the drug effectiveness during chemotherapy. Health care industry may make use of these studies for optimal management of disease
Download or read book AIDS Epidemiology written by Nicholas P. Jewell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1974, the Societal Institute of the Mathematical Sciences (SIMS) initiated a series of five-day Research Application Conferences (RAC's) at Alta, Utah, for the purpose of probing in depth societal fields in light of their receptivity to mathematical and statistical analysis. The first eleven conferences addressed ecosystems, epidemiology, energy, environmental health, time series and ecological processes, energy and health, energy conversion and fluid mechanics, environmental epidemiology: risk assessment, atomic bomb survival data: utilization and analysis, modem statistical methods in chronic disease epidemiology and scientific issues in quantitative cancer risk assess ment. These Proceedings are a result of the twelfth conference on Statistical Methodology for Study of the AIDS Epidemic which was held in 1991 at the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute, Berkeley, California. For five days, 45 speakers and observers contributed their expertise in the relevant biology and statistics. The presentations were timely and the discussion was both enlightening and at times spirited. Members of the Program Committee for the Conference were Klaus Dietz (University of Tiibingen, Germany), Vernon T. Farewell (University of Waterloo, Ontario), and Nicholas P. Jewell (University of California, Berke ley) (Chair). The Conference was supported by a grant to SIMS from the National Institute of Drug Abuse. D. L. Thomsen, Jr.
Download or read book The Health State Function of a Population written by Christos H. Skiadas and published by ISAST. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Health State Function of a Population This book will inspire colleagues in applying, developing and expanding the theoretical and practical issues related to the health state of the population and to improve forecasts related to the life expectancy and the healthy life span. The Second Edition of the book includes four more chapters presenting very important theoretical and applied work. The book deals with the theory related to the health state of a population and the introduced health state function. The book presents and applies the stochastic modeling techniques and the first exit time theory in demography along with the healthy life expectancy estimates and a derivation and classification of the human development stages. The data fitting techniques and the related programs are also presented. Many new and old terms are explored and quantitatively estimated especially the health state or the “vitality” of a population, the Deterioration and the related function and the Healthy Life Expectancy. A method for estimating the total loss of healthy life years with applications and comparisons for the healthy life expectancy in UK, Scotland, Sweden, and in the US States is added. A new Quantitative Method for Estimating the Human Development Stages based on the Health State Function Theory and the Resulting Deterioration Process is also included. The book is addressed to demographers, actuaries, statisticians, applied mathematicians, sociologists, psychologists, economists, health scientists, biologists, policy makers and scientists and practitioners of very many fields. Attention was given to prepare the material for readers from multidisciplinary fields thus including the appropriate formulas and mathematical typos along with many applications from computer programs in Excel. Read this book and share with us a fascinating exploration on life table data and the underlying information on human health state.
Download or read book Data Analytics and Stochastic Optimization Models for Decision Support in Chronic Disease Operations Management written by Mohammad Hessam Olya and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of this study show that feature representation and training related instances jointly increase the performance of patient workload prediction. Moreover, we have addressed two critical issues in team-based healthcare strategic and tactical planning. The first issue is to determine the optimal number of providers for multiple facilities and eligible patients for pay-to-travel incentives where the demand and location of patients are unknown. The second issue is to minimize the number of different healthcare teams and balance their workload within every single facility. We have developed a stochastic workforce and workload optimization model under various scenarios to address this issue. The result of prescriptive analysis suggests considering the randomness rather than replacing the stochastic variables by their expected value significantly contributes in reducing the overall cost of healthcare and practically enhancing access to care.
Download or read book Agent based Modeling of Chronic Diseases written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is experiencing an epidemic of chronic disease. As the US population ages, health care providers and policy makers urgently need decision models that provide systematic, credible prediction regarding the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases to improve population health management and medical decision-making. Agent-based modeling is a promising systems science approach that can model complex interactions and processes related to chronic health conditions, such as adaptive behaviors, feedback loops, and contextual effects. This article introduces agent-based modeling by providing a narrative review of agent-based models of chronic disease and identifying the characteristics of various chronic health conditions that must be taken into account to build effective clinical- and policy-relevant models. We also identify barriers to adopting agent-based models to study chronic diseases. Finally, we discuss future research directions of agent-based modeling applied to problems related to specific chronic health conditions.
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Han-Mo Chiu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a self-contained review of the theoretical and practical basis of colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal cancer is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and represents a significant burden for both public health and health care systems. However, colorectal cancer deaths can be prevented using effective screening, and many countries and regions have launched population colorectal cancer screening programs. This book covers various essential aspects of colorectal cancer screening, including the epidemiology of colorectal cancer, the various screening and diagnostic tests or exams, quality issues in colorectal cancer screening, necessary infrastructures, the evaluation of effectiveness, and economic appraisals of screening programs. Focusing on organized screening, in which various quality indicators can easily monitored and effectiveness is more likely to be evaluated, it discusses the basics of screening theory and the natural history of colorectal neoplasms, to help readers understand the rationale behind cancer screening. Lastly, it features international consensus and guidelines on colorectal cancer screening to highlight the current trends in the field. This comprehensive book on recent technological developments and conceptual advances in colorectal cancer screening is a valuable resource for public health workers and clinicians alike.
Download or read book Statistical Models for the Latent Progression of Chronic Diseases Using Serial Biomarkers written by C. H. Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On the Utility of Stochastic Models of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease written by Rebecca Boehm and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Mixed Markov and Related Stochastic Models for the Analysis of Disease Progression written by John Uebersax and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling a Progressive Disease Process Under Panel Observation written by Amy Laird and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longitudinal studies are a useful tool for investigating the course of chronic diseases. Many chronic diseases are progressive and can be characterized by a set of health states. We can improve our understanding of the natural history of the disease by modeling the sequence of visited health states and the duration in each state. However, in most applications, subjects are observed intermittently. This observation scheme creates a major modeling challenge: the transition times are not known exactly, and in some cases the path through the health states is not known. Existing methods for modeling this type of data either impose strong parametric assumptions on the sojourn times in each state, or model time discretely and carry out inference nonparametrically, but both approaches have drawbacks. We propose an alternative modeling approach that uses the principle of data augmentation. This method has several advantages: (1) it accommodates any parametric model for the sojourn times, including spline models; (2) it performs well under moderate sample sizes for suitable parametric choices for the sojourn time distributions; and (3) it does not require that subjects be observed in every health state. Using this approach it is possible to carry out inference about both the probability of taking a given path through the health states and the duration in each state. We evaluate the performance of our proposed approach via simulation study. We extend our basic approach to accommodate the presence of left-censored entry into the process. Further, we extend the approach to account for between-subject variability in the rate of progression through the process. We apply a basic version of our proposed approach first to a study of HIV infection and progression to AIDS in a cohort of patients with hemophilia who were infected via contaminated blood transfusions. Our findings reflect those of the original study, and illustrate the need for flexible modeling of the duration in each health state. We also apply our proposed approach to a more detailed study of HIV/AIDS staging among untreated patients in Senegal who were infected with different strains of HIV. Our results indicate that patients with HIV-2 tend to progress more slowly than those infected with HIV-1 or both viruses, corroborating existing knowledge of the natural history of the disease process in each case.
