Download or read book An Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices and Driver Distraction on Driver Behavior at Railway highway Grade Crossings written by Radhameris A. Gomez Gabriel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At-grade crossings (grade crossings) are those crossings in which any part of a roadway intersects with railroad tracks. Safety at these railroad-highway grade crossings is a major concern, with traffic control warning devices serving as the main mechanisms for improving safety. There are three factors that influence a driver's behavior at a given crossing. First, traffic control devices, including warning devices at the railroad-highway grade crossings, provide the driver with information whose impact will depend in part on the likelihood that the driver knows whether to glance in the direction of the device based on prior experience, and in part on what the driver understands the warning device to mean. Second, assuming that the driver identifies the warning, the driver's prior knowledge influences his or her expectancy regarding various railroad-highway grade crossing situations and, therefore, the way in which the driver responds to the hazard presented by the crossing. Finally, the driver's own physiological (e.g., impaired) and psychological (e.g., distracted) state will modify the role that conspicuity and expectancy have on the driver's behavior. This dissertation centers on the impact of distraction and the effect of traffic control and warning devices have on stopping behavior and glance behaviors at non-gated railroad-highway grade crossings and studies a possible countermeasure which when combined with traffic control and warning devices can mitigate the effects of distraction due to less than optimal glance patterns. Two driving simulator experiments were conducted that arguably targeted the most critical need, in particular the need to identify the role that distraction has on the effectiveness of traffic control and warning devices at grade crossings. Ninety-nine participants were evaluated across two driving simulator experiments. For the first experiment, the role distraction plays in reducing the benefit of crossbuck and flashing lights was analyzed. Participants either engaged in a distracting task or did not engage. The secondary tasks included a mock cell phone conversation or an in-vehicle task where the participant driver was asked to change the radio station. The first experiment showed participants in all groups had trouble navigating the grade crossing environment thus pointing to the need to evaluate supplementary treatments which may benefit driver behavior at these crossings. The second simulator experiment evaluated the impact of the dynamic envelope pavement markings on driver glance pattern and behavior as they approached grade crossings while drivers also performed a distracting or non-distracting task. Results show that the addition of these markings can alert drivers of the presence of a grade crossing with anticipation, and as a result induce drivers to glance more and potentially stop in higher proportions than when the markings are not present.
Download or read book Driver Behavior at Railway highway Grade Crossings with Passive Traffic Control written by Bryan Andre Bartnik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research to evaluate driver behavior at railway-highway grade crossings with passive traffic control attempts to find an answer to a much debated subject. This study examines the difference in driver behavior and safety at several different types of passive traffic control at grade crossings utilizing a driving simulator. This project utilized the University of Tennessee's high fidelity driving simulator to perform a study on passive highway-railway grade crossings. Although the crash rates at grade crossings have decreased in recent years, there is still more work to be done. Safety improvements can be made to both passive and active grade crossings. However, with increasingly tight budgets for transportation infrastructure, there is not enough money to upgrade and improve every grade crossing. Upgrading a passive grade crossing with flashing lights or gates is very expensive and can cost upwards of $400,000 in some parts of the country. This paper further investigates the use of STOP and YIELD signs as viable alternatives to upgrading a passive grade crossing to an active grade crossing. By utilizing a driving simulator, several variables were tested on sixty-four drivers in a safe environment. The driving simulator allowed tests to be run on grade crossings that range from safe to fairly unsafe. By varying the visibility at the crossing, which sign the driver saw at the crossing, the presence of a train, and the presence of other traffic, reasonable conclusions about the safety of various types of passive grade crossings are made.
Download or read book Traffic control Devices for Passive Railroad highway Grade Crossings written by Neil D. Lerner and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2002 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Railroad Grade Crossings written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Research Record 1495 contains the following papers: Effective use of variable message signs: Lessons learned through development of users' manuals; Motorist interpretation of yellow X and yellow diagonal arrow in freeway lane control signal array; Effects of pavement markings on driver behavior at freeway lane drop exits; Comparative study of advance warning signs at high speed signalized intersections; Evaluation of strobe lights in red lens of traffic signals; High-volume pedestrian crosswalk time requirements; Empirical analysis of traffic characteristics at two-way stop-controlled intersections in Alaska; Evaluation of proposed minimum retroreflectivity requirements for traffic signs; Detectability of pavement markings under stationary and dynamic conditions as a function of retroreflective brightness; Visibility of new yellow center stripes as a function of obliteration; Effects of lateral separation between double center-stripe pavement markings on visibility under nighttime driving conditions; Curve radius perception accuracy as function of number of delineation devices (Chevrons); Knowledge-based personal computer software package for applying and placing curve delineation devices; Visibility of new pavement markings at night under low-beam illumination; Loss of visibility distance caused by automobile windshields at night; Traffic sign reading distances and times during night driving; Yellow pavement markings with yellow nighttime color; Application of geographic information systems rail-highway grade crossing safety; Evaluation of accuracy of U.S. DOT rail-highway grade crossing accident prediction models.
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Highway rail Grade Crossings 2010 written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This issue contains 13 papers that are concerned with traffic control devices, visibility, and highway-rail grade crossings. Specific topics discussed include the following: school traffic control devices; speed control at rural intersections; innovation in temporary pedestrian signing; chevrons with full retroreflective signposts on rural horizontal curves; protected-permissive left-turn signal control; reducing speed with converging chevron pavement markings on freeway ramps; rumble strips; pedestrian countdown signals influence on vehicle speed; dynamic emergency vehicle warning sign impact on driver behavior; dilemma zone driver behavior; internally versus externally illuminated on-premise signs; impacts of highway-rail grade crossings on surface mobility; and speed reduction profiles affecting vehicle interactions at level crossings with no trains."--pub. desc.
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Rail highway Grade Crossings 2001 written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Research Record contains the following papers: Driver's understanding of protected-permitted left-turn signal displays (Noyce, DA and Kacir, KC); Sign retroreflectivity : comparing results of nighttime visual inspections with application of minimum retroreflectivity values (Hawkins, HG and Carlson, PJ); Long-term effectiveness of speed monitoring displays in work zones on rural interstate highways (Pesti, G and McCoy, PT); Legibility distances of fluorescent traffic signs and their normal color counterparts (Schnell, T, Bently, K, Hayes, E and Rick, M); Traffic signal luminance and visual discomfort at night (Bullough, JD, Boyce, PR, Bierman, A and Hunter, CM); Brightness and color of fluorescent yellow green retroreflective signs : comparison of laboratory and field measurements (Burns, DM and Donahue, TJ); Influence of pavement marking angular systems on visibility predictions using computer models (Zwahlen, HT, Schnell, T, Johnson, N and Hodson, N); Driver behavior at vehicle arresting barriers : compliance and violations during the first year at the McLean site (Coleman, F and Venkataraman, K); Methodology for evaluating highway-railway grade separations (Schrader, MH and Hoffpauer, JR).
Download or read book Driver Behavior Analysis at Highway rail Grade Crossings Using Field Operational Test Data written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-23 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driver behavior analysis at highway-rail grade crossings using field operational test data : heavy trucks /
Download or read book Performance Metrics for Assessing Driver Distraction written by Gary L Rupp and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2010-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the study of secondary task demands imposed by in-vehicle devices on the driver while driving. It provides a mechanism for researchers to evaluate how in-vehicle devices such as navigation systems – as well as other devices such as cell phones – affect driver distraction and impact safety. This book, which features the work presented by international experts at the 4th International Driver Metrics Workshop, in June 2008, offers a summary of the current state of driver metrics research. Edited by workshop moderator Dr. Gary L. Rupp, the book introduces vital information to support the design of in-vehicle information and communication systems (IVIS). Topics covered include: • Driver object and event detection • Peripheral detection tasks (PDT) • Tactile-based detection tasks (TDT) • Modified Sternberg method for assessing visual and cognitive load of in-vehicle tasks • Modified Sternberg method for assessing peripheral detection task and lane change tests • The relationship between performance metrics and crash risk • Characterizing driver behaviors observed in naturalist driving studies • Developing metrics from lane change test studies
Download or read book Driver Behavior Analysis at Highway Rail Grade Crossings Using Field Operational Test Data Light Vehicles written by U.s. Department of Transportation and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U. S. Department of Transportation's (U.S.DOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration's (RITA) John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), under the direction of the U.S.DOT Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development (R&D), conducteda research study focused on collecting and analyzing data related to driver behavior at or on approach to highway-rail grade crossings.VolpeCenter reviewedand coded 4,215 grade crossing eventsinvolving light vehicle drivers collected during a recent field operational test of vehicle safety systems.The data collected for each grade crossing included informationabout drivers' activities, driver and vehicle performance, driving environment, and vehicle location at or on approach tohighway-rail grade crossings.
Download or read book Driver Distraction and Inattention written by John D. Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is estimated that, in the United States, around 20 percent of all Police-reported road crashes involve driver distraction as a contributing factor. This figure increases if other forms of inattention are considered. Evidence (reviewed in this volume) suggests that the situation is similar in other countries and that driver distraction and inattention are even more dangerous as contributing factors in crashes than drug and alcohol intoxication. Having a solid evidence-base from which to develop injury countermeasures is a cornerstone of road-safety management. This book adds to the accumulating evidence-base on driver distraction and inattention. With 24 chapters by 52 authors from more than 10 countries, it provides important new perspectives on the definition and meaning of driver distraction and inattention, the mechanisms that characterize them, the measurement of their effects, strategies for mitigating their effects, and recommendations for further research. The goal of this book is to inspire further research and countermeasure development to prevent and mitigate the potentially adverse effects of driver distraction and driver inattention, and, in doing so, to save lives.
Download or read book Driver Behavior Analysis at Highway rail Grade Crossings Using Field Operational Test Data light Vehicles Final Report written by Tashi Ngamdung and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Abstract: The U. S. Department of Transportation's (U.S. DOT) Research and Innovative Technology Administration's (RITA) John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center (Volpe Center), under the direction of the U.S. DOT Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) Office of Research and Development (R&D), conducted a research study focused on collecting and analyzing data related to driver behavior at or on approach to highway-rail grade crossings. Volpe Center reviewed and coded 4,215 grade crossing events involving light vehicle drivers collected during a recent field operational test of vehicle safety systems. The data collected for reach grade crossing included information about drivers' activities, driver and vehicle performance, driving environment, and vehicle location at or on approach to highway-rail grade crossings. / One of the findings of the data analysis was that, on average, drivers were likely to engage in secondary tasks 46.7 percent of the time. Additionally, results showed that drivers failed to look either left or right on approach to passive grade crossings approximately 35 percent of the time. The ultimate objective of this research study is to assess basic driver behavior at highway-rail grade crossings so as to identify potential driver education/awareness strategies that would best mitigate risky driver behavior at grade crossings."--Technical report documentation page.
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Highway rail Grade Crossings 2013 written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "TRB's Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, No. 2384 consists of 13 papers that explore the effectiveness of "vehicle entering when flashing" signs; countdown-only pedestrian change interval displays; driver perception and reaction time; dilemma zone identification; the behavior of left-turning drivers; and violations on frontage and conventional roads at interchanges. This issue of the TRR also examines LED luminaires for roadway applications; the impact of modern headlamp technology; background complexity of overhead guide signs; nighttime visibility of in-service pavement markings; replacement of roadway lighting with new lighting technologies; the severity of injuries to motor vehicle drivers at highway-rail grade crossings; and the prevention of crashes and gate-breaking incidents at highway-rail grade crossings."--pub. desc.
Download or read book Handbook of Driving Simulation for Engineering Medicine and Psychology written by Donald L. Fisher and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-04-25 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective use of driving simulators requires considerable technical and methodological skill along with considerable background knowledge. Acquiring the requisite knowledge and skills can be extraordinarily time consuming, yet there has been no single convenient and comprehensive source of information on the driving simulation research being conduc
Download or read book Additional Investigations on Driver Information Overload written by Neil D. Lerner and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Driver Behavior at Rail highway Grade Crossings a Signal Detection Theory Analysis written by T. G. Raslear and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Enhanced Traffic Control Devices for Use at Highway railroad Grade Crossings written by Randy W. Carroll and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traffic Control Devices Visibility and Rail highway Grade Crossings 2005 written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
