Download or read book Advanced MEMS Microprobes for Neural Stimulation and Recording written by Arash Akhavan Fomani and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The in-vivo observation of the neural activities generated by a large number of closely located neurons is believed to be crucial for understanding the nervous system. Moreover, the functional electrical stimulation of the central nervous system is an effective method to restore physiological functions such as limb control, sound sensation, and light perception. The Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) is being successfully used in the treatment of tremor and rigidity associated with advanced Parkinson's disease. Cochlear implants have also been employed as an effective treatment for sensorineural deafness by means of delivering the electrical stimulation directly to the auditory nerve. The most significant contribution of this PhD study is the development of next-generation microprobes for the simultaneous stimulation and recording of the cortex and deep brain structures. For intracortical applications, millimetre length multisite microprobes that are rigid enough to penetrate into the cortex while integrated with flexible interconnection cables are demanded. In chronic applications, the flexibility of the cable minimizes the tissue damage caused by the relative micro-motion between the brain and the microprobe. Although hybrid approaches have been reported to construct such neural microprobes, these devices are brittle and may impose severe complications if they break inside the tissue. In this project, MEMS fabrication processes were employed to produce non-breakable intracortical microprobes with an improved structural design. These 32 channel devices are integrated with flexible interconnection cables and provide enough mechanical strength for penetration into the tissue. Polyimide-based flexible implants were successfully fabricated and locally reinforced at the tip with embedded 15 [mu]m-thick gold micro-needles. In DBS applications, centimetre long microprobes capable of stimulating and recording the neural activity are required. The currently available DBS probes, manufactured by Medtronic, provide only four cylindrical shaped electrode sites, each 1.5 mm in height and 1.27 mm in diameter. Although suitable for the stimulation of a large brain volume, to measure the activity of a single neuron but to avoid measuring the average response of adjacent cells, recording sites with dimensions in the range of 10 - 20 [mu]m are required. In this work, novel Three Dimensional (3D) multi channel microprobes were fabricated offering 32 independent stimulation and recording electrodes around the shaft of the implant. These microprobes can control the spatial distribution of the charge injected into the tissue to enhance the efficacy and minimize the adverse effects of the DBS treatment. Furthermore, the device volume has been reduced to one third the volume of a conventional Medtronic DBS lead to significantly decrease the tissue damage induced by implantation of the microprobe. For both DBS and intracortical microprobes, the impedance characteristics of the electrodes were studied in acidic and saline solutions. To reduce the channel impedance and enhance the signal to noise ratio, iridium (Ir) was electroplated on gold electrode sites. Stable electrical characteristics were demonstrated for the Ir and gold electrodes over the course of a prolonged pulse stress test for 100 million cycles. The functionality and application potential of the fabricated microprobes were confirmed by the in-vitro measurements of the neural activity in the mouse hippocampus. In order to reduce the number of channels and simplify the signal processing circuitry, multiport electrostatic-actuated switch matrices were successfully developed, fabricated, and characterized for possible integration with neural microprobes to construct a site selection matrix. Magnetic-actuated switches have been also investigated to improve the operation reliability of the MEMS switching devices.
Download or read book Neural Recordings in the Brain Using Novel Movable MEMS Microelectrode Arrays written by Nathan Morrow Jackson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book 13th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering written by Chwee Teck Lim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-15 with total page 2355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: th On behalf of the organizing committee of the 13 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering, I extend our w- mest welcome to you. This series of conference began in 1983 and is jointly organized by the YLL School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering of the National University of Singapore and the Biomedical Engineering Society (Singapore). First of all, I want to thank Mr Lim Chuan Poh, Chairman A*STAR who kindly agreed to be our Guest of Honour to give th the Opening Address amidst his busy schedule. I am delighted to report that the 13 ICBME has more than 600 participants from 40 countries. We have received very high quality papers and inevitably we had to turndown some papers. We have invited very prominent speakers and each one is an authority in their field of expertise. I am grateful to each one of them for setting aside their valuable time to participate in this conference. For the first time, the Biomedical Engineering Society (USA) will be sponsoring two symposia, ie “Drug Delivery S- tems” and “Systems Biology and Computational Bioengineering”. I am thankful to Prof Tom Skalak for his leadership in this initiative. I would also like to acknowledge the contribution of Prof Takami Yamaguchi for organizing the NUS-Tohoku’s Global COE workshop within this conference. Thanks also to Prof Fritz Bodem for organizing the symposium, “Space Flight Bioengineering”. This year’s conference proceedings will be published by Springer as an IFMBE Proceedings Series.
Download or read book A Wireless Microsystem for Multichannel Neural Recording Microprobes written by Hao Yu and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Polymer Cochlear Electrode Array Atraumatic Deep Insertion Tripolar Stimulation and Long Term Reliability written by Tae Mok Gwon and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the design, fabrication and evaluation of a polymer-based neural interface for a cochlear electrode array, reviewed in terms of fabrication process, functionality, and reliability. Polymer-based devices have attracted attention in the neural prosthetic field due to their flexibility and compatibility with micro-fabrication process. A liquid crystal polymer (LCP) is an inert, highly water-resistant polymer suitable for the encapsulation of electronic components and as a substrate material for fabricating neural interfaces. The author has designed, fabricated, and evaluated an LCP-based cochlear electrode array for an improved polymer-based cochlear implant. The thesis deals with 3 key topics: atraumatic deep insertion, tripolar stimulation, and long-term reliability. Atraumatic insertion of the intracochlear electrode and resulting preservation of residual hearing have become essential in state–of-the-art cochlear implantation. A novel tapered design of an LCP-based cochlear electrode array is presented to meet such goals. For high-density and pitch-recognizable cochlear implant, channel interaction should be avoided. Local tripolar stimulation using multi-layered electrode sites are shown to achieve highly focused electrical stimulation. This thesis addresses another vital issue in the polymer-based neural implants: the long-term reliability issue. After suggesting a new method of forming mechanical interlocking to improve polymer-metal adhesion, the author performs accelerating aging tests to verify the method’s efficacy. The aforementioned three topics have been thoroughly examined through various in vitro and in vivo studies. Verification foresees the development of LCP-based cochlear electrode array for an atraumatic deep insertion, advanced stimulation, and long-term clinical implant.
Download or read book Bridging the Gap in Neuroelectronic Interfaces written by Jeffrey R. Capadona and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-09 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Basic Electrophysiological Methods written by Ellen Covey and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-02-25 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basic Electrophysiological Methods provides a concise and easy-to-read guide on a selection of the most important contemporary electrophysiological techniques, their implementation, applications, and ways in which they can be combined and integrated with neuroscientific techniques. Intended for students, postdocs, and faculty with a basic neuroscience background, this text will not obscure the relevant technical details with textbook neuroscience tutorials as many other books do. Instead, each chapter provides a conscientious overview of the underlying theory -- a comprehensive description of equipment, materials, methods, data management, and analysis -- a troubleshooting guide, and a list of frequently asked questions. No book or online resource can function as strictly a DIY set of instructions on how to implement a complex technique. However, this book provides a fundamental and accessible set of information intended to form a foundation prior to, during, and after hands-on experience and training, greatly facilitating the initial learning process and subsequent fine-tuning of technical details.
Download or read book Biomedical Microsystems written by Ellis Meng and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-06-22 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poised to dramatically impact human health, biomedical microsystems (bioMEMS) technologies incorporate various aspects from materials science, biology, chemistry, physics, medicine, and engineering. Reflecting the highly interdisciplinary nature of this area, Biomedical Microsystems covers the fundamentals of miniaturization, biomaterials, microfabrication, and nanotechnology, along with relevant applications. Written by an active researcher who was recently named one of Technology Review’s Young Innovators Under 35, the book begins with an introduction to the benefits of miniaturization. It then introduces materials, fabrication technology, and the necessary components of all bioMEMS. The author also covers fundamental principles and building blocks, including microfluidic concepts, lab-on-a-chip systems, and sensing and detection methods. The final chapters explore several important applications of bioMEMS, such as microdialysis, catheter-based sensors, MEMS implants, neural probes, and tissue engineering. For readers with a limited background in MEMS and bioMEMS, this book provides a practical introduction to the technology used to make these devices, the principles that govern their operation, and examples of their application. It offers a starting point for understanding advanced topics and encourages readers to begin to formulate their own ideas about the design of novel bioMEMS. A solutions manual is available for instructors who want to convert this reference to classroom use.
Download or read book The Chemistry of Inorganic Biomaterials written by Christopher Spicer and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book overviews the underlying chemistry behind the most common and cutting-edge inorganic materials in current use, or approaching use, in vivo.
Download or read book Lab on Fiber Technology written by Andrea Cusano and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-29 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on a research field that is rapidly emerging as one of the most promising ones for the global optics and photonics community: the “lab-on-fiber” technology. Inspired by the well-established "lab on-a-chip" concept, this new technology essentially envisages novel and highly functionalized devices completely integrated into a single optical fiber for both communication and sensing applications. Based on the R&D experience of some of the world's leading authorities in the fields of optics, photonics, nanotechnology, and material science, this book provides a broad and accurate description of the main developments and achievements in the lab-on-fiber technology roadmap, also highlighting the new perspectives and challenges to be faced. This book is essential for scientists interested in the cutting-edge fiber optic technology, but also for graduate students.
Download or read book Advances in Network Electrophysiology written by Makoto Taketani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Network Electrophysiology: Using Multi Electrode Arrays explores methods for using electrophysiological techniques for monitoring the concurrent activity of ensembles of single neurons. It reviews the recent progress in both electronics and computational tools developed to analyze the functional operations of large ensembles of neurons using multi-electrode arrays and in vitro preparations. In addition, it gives readers a sense of the applications made possible by these technological tools. This volume is the reference for researchers, industry, graduate students, and postdoctoral fellows in all areas of neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, pharmaceutical science, and bioengineering.
Download or read book Methods for Neural Ensemble Recordings written by Miguel A. L. Nicolelis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensively updated and expanded, this second edition of a bestseller distills the current state-of-the-science and provides the nuts and bolts foundation of the methods involved in this rapidly growing science. With contributions from pioneering researchers, it includes microwire array design for chronic neural recordings, new surgical techniques for chronic implantation, microelectrode microstimulation of brain tissue, multielectrode recordings in the somatosensory system and during learning, as well as recordings from the central gustatory-reward pathways. It explores the use of Brain-Machine Interface to restore neurological function and proposes conceptual and technical approaches to human neural ensemble recordings in the future.
Download or read book Neuroprosthetics written by Kenneth W. Horch and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of neuroprosthetics. It is broadly divided into three sections which address: neuroanatomy and neurophysiology, biomaterials and biocompatibility, stimulation and recording techniques; clinical applications of neuroprosthetics; and future developments.
Download or read book Brain Computer Interfaces written by Jonathan Wolpaw and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-24 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A recognizable surge in the field of Brain Computer Interface (BCI) research and development has emerged in the past two decades. This book is intended to provide an introduction to and summary of essentially all major aspects of BCI research and development. Its goal is to be a comprehensive, balanced, and coordinated presentation of the field's key principles, current practice, and future prospects.
Download or read book Electroceuticals written by Arshad Majid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent advances in the use of electrostimulation therapies in movement disorders, epilepsy, inflammatory bowel disease, memory and cognition, disorders of consciousness, foot drop, dysphagia, brain injury, headache, heart failure, hearing loss, and rheumatoid arthritis. It describes techniques such as vagus nerve stimulation, deep brain stimulation, and electrical stimulation of the pharyngeal nerve. Electroceuticals: Advances in Electrostimulation Therapies is aimed at clinicians and basic researchers in the fields of neurology, neurosurgery, cardiology and rheumatology.
Download or read book Implantable Biomedical Microsystems written by Swarup Bhunia and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research and innovation in areas such as circuits, microsystems, packaging, biocompatibility, miniaturization, power supplies, remote control, reliability, and lifespan are leading to a rapid increase in the range of devices and corresponding applications in the field of wearable and implantable biomedical microsystems, which are used for monitoring, diagnosing, and controlling the health conditions of the human body. This book provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamental design principles and validation for implantable microsystems, as well as several major application areas. Each component in an implantable device is described in details, and major case studies demonstrate how these systems can be optimized for specific design objectives. The case studies include applications of implantable neural signal processors, brain-machine interface (BMI) systems intended for both data recording and treatment, neural prosthesis, bladder pressure monitoring for treating urinary incontinence, implantable imaging devices for early detection and diagnosis of diseases as well as electrical conduction block of peripheral nerve for chronic pain management. Implantable Biomedical Microsystems is the first comprehensive coverage of bioimplantable system design providing an invaluable information source for researchers in Biomedical, Electrical, Computer, Systems, and Mechanical Engineering as well as engineers involved in design and development of wearable and implantable bioelectronic devices and, more generally, teams working on low-power microsystems and their corresponding wireless energy and data links. First time comprehensive coverage of system-level and component-level design and engineering aspects for implantable microsystems. Provides insight into a wide range of proven applications and application specific design trade-offs of bioimplantable systems, including several major case studies Enables Engineers involved in development of implantable electronic systems to optimize applications for specific design objectives.
Download or read book Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology 2010 Biennial Report written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
