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Book Activation Analysis of the Rare Earths

Download or read book Activation Analysis of the Rare Earths written by Harold W. Kohn and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Analysis and Application of Rare Earth Materials

Download or read book Analysis and Application of Rare Earth Materials written by Netherlands-Norwegian Reactor School and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Rare earth Elements Yttrium and Thorium

Download or read book The Rare earth Elements Yttrium and Thorium written by John G. Parker and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Quantitative Spectrographic Analysis of the Rare Earth Elements

Download or read book The Quantitative Spectrographic Analysis of the Rare Earth Elements written by Velmer A. Fassel and published by . This book was released on 1949 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spectrographic methods applicable to the determination of major rare earth constituents in complex mixtures are described. The specific examples discussed are the determination of yttrium and gadolinium in the concentration range of 10 to 100 per cent. The procedures involve the high current DC arc excitation of rare earth oxide sample-ceric oxide-graphite mixtures. Selected lines of cerium are used as internal standards. The choice of cerium as internal standard was based on the relative ease with which any cerium, if present in a mixture, could be preferentially separated from the mixture, and then reintroduced in a standard amount. Precision studies show a standard deviation of about + or - 2.5 per cent of the amount present. Data are included which indicate that the high precision is attributable to excellent internal standard control of excitation variables. jg p.2.

Book Analytical Chemistry of Yttrium and the Lanthanide Elements

Download or read book Analytical Chemistry of Yttrium and the Lanthanide Elements written by D. I. Ri︠a︡bchikov and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The Spectrochemical Determination of Some Non rare Earth Impurities in Yttrium Oxide

Download or read book The Spectrochemical Determination of Some Non rare Earth Impurities in Yttrium Oxide written by James H. Muntz and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yttrium has been used to produce a stabilized zirconium oxide with unique properties. The impurity level of the yttrium compounds used in the preparation of this materials is very important since the impurities will concentrate in the grain boundaries reducing the strength and high temperature properties of =the finished product. Two spectrochemical techniques were developed for the determination of 26 non-rare earth impurities in yttirium oxide. One technique involving a direct burn is used for the more refractory elements and higher impurity concentration levels. The other technique involving carrier distillation is used for some of the more volatile elements and concentration levels of 1 PPM or less for 18 elements. The average relative standard deviations were about 10% and the average overall deviations from known concentrations wer about 12% for both techniques.

Book Nuclear Science Abstracts

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Rare earth Elements and Yttrium

Download or read book Rare earth Elements and Yttrium written by Christine M. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Preparation of Yttrium and Rare earth Metals by Metallothermic Reduction

Download or read book Preparation of Yttrium and Rare earth Metals by Metallothermic Reduction written by Frank Elmer Block and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigation was made of various methods for the preparation of yttrium or rare-earth metals by metallothermic reduction. Particular emphasis was placed on the use of high-purity chloride salts as intermediates. Methods were stressed which appeared adaptable to production of high-purity, ductile metal on a plant scale. Reactions were chosen for study on the basis of thermodynamic considerations and also from a standpoint of chemical and physical properties of reactants and byproducts. Consideration was given to construction materials and their contribution of impurities to the metal products. Yttrium or rare-earth chlorides, fluorides, bromides or iodides were investigated as intermediates for metal production. Emphasis was placed on the development of methods for preparing these halides and for refining them to a high state of purity. Rare-earth chlorides were prepared either by slow dehydration of hydrated salts while in contact with ammonium chloride, or by a more rapid technique involving the direct chlorination of mixtures of rare-earth oxides and carbon. In either case, chloride salts were purified by vacuum distillation or by filtration of molten salts. Lithium, sodium, potassium and calcium were tested as reductants for anhydrous halides. These metals were compared as reductants on the basis of operating characteristics, purity of metal product, and yield of product. Yttrium and rare-earth metals prepared in this study were consolidated, usually by inert-atmosphere arc melting, and the consolidated metals were evaluated on the basis of chemical analyses and mechanical workability. Of the many systems studied, best results were obtained by the lithium reduction of rare-earth chlorides in Inconel or molybdenum apparatus. Metal made by this procedure was freed of byproduct lithium chloride by vacuum distillation, and the rare-earth metal, which appeared as a sponge, was consolidated by arc-melting. Yttrium was prepared by this technique on a scale of 15 pounds of metal per batch. Metal recoveries were greater than 95 percent and the major impurity, oxygen, was usually present in amounts less than 500 ppm. Samarium and europium cannot be prepared by reduction of their halide salts. These metals were produced by reduction of their oxides in a high vacuum employing lanthanum, cerium, or zirconium as reductants. Yields were usually over 90 percent during tests conducted at 900 to 1450°C.

Book Contributions to the Chemistry of the Rare Earths of the Yttrium Group

Download or read book Contributions to the Chemistry of the Rare Earths of the Yttrium Group written by Benton Dales and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: