Download or read book Acetylcholine in the Cerebral Cortex written by L. Descarries and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive exposé, by leading neuroscientists, of current knowledge on the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. All aspects of the subject are covered, from its most elementary, at the molecular and cellular levels, to its systemic and holistic implications, including its role in cognition and involvement in human diseases and therapeutics. The twenty-two chapters are grouped under four main headings : I. Functional Morphology of the Acetylcholine Innervation in Cerebral Cortex (Including Hippocampus); II. Modes of Action of Acetylcholine in the Cerebral Cortex; III. Cortical Properties and Functions Modulated by Acetylcholine, and IV. Clinical, Pathological and Therapeutic Implications. This broad perspective updates the reader on recent advances and future trends in the study of a major neuromodulatory system in brain.
Download or read book Acetylcholine in the Cerebral Cortex written by Université de Montréal. Centre de recherche en sciences neurologiques. International Symposium and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive expos & eacute;, by leading neuroscientists, of current knowledge on the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the cerebral cortex. All aspects of the subject are covered, from its most elementary, at the molecular and cellular levels, to its systemic and holistic implications, including its role in cognition and involvement in human diseases and therapeutics. The twenty-two chapters are grouped under four main headings : I. Functional Morphology of the Acetylcholine Innervation in Cerebral Cortex (Including Hippocampus); II. Modes of Action of Acetylcholine in the Cerebral Cortex; III. Cortical Properties and Functions Modulated by Acetylcholine, and IV. Clinical, Pathological and Therapeutic Implications. This broad perspective updates the reader on recent advances and future trends in the study of a major neuromodulatory system in brain.
Download or read book Neurotransmitters and Cortical Function written by Massimo Avoli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Herbert Henri Jasper is a scientist whose research activities have initiated and encompassed many of the major themes of neuroscience. He has pioneered in single unit recording, chronic neuronal studies, neurochemistry, electroencephalography, and many other disciplines. His students now hold important positions in universities and hospitals around the world. From July 21 to 23, 1986, a symposium entitled Neurotransmitters and Cortical Function: From Molecules to Mind was held in Montreal to honor Professor Jasper and to continue his pioneering efforts. The following chapters originated in that meeting. They summarize the current v vi PREFACE status of our knowledge in some of the fields influenced by Professor Jasper. They share a focus on neurotransmitters in cortical function, where we presume higher mental events originate. Professor Jasper has made contributions to the understanding of three different classes of neuro transmitters: GABA, acetylcholine, and catecholamines. It is an interest in trying to link neu rochemical events to some aspects of complex brain function and behavior that has characterized his work, and it is this philosophy that led to the present symposium to honor him. We dedicate this volume to Professor Jasper and the integrative approach that he has fostered. The Editors Montreal Contents 1. H. H. Jasper, Neuroscientist of Our Century .......................... .
Download or read book Brain Acetylcholine and Neuropsychiatric Disease written by Kenneth L. Davis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have witnessed a resurgence of interest in the possible role of brain acetylcholine in neuropsychiatric disease. Research in this area has involved the renewed investigation of the cholinomimetics physostigmine and arecoline, and has been facilitated by the development of new potential cholinomimetics such as dimethylaminoethanol (Deanol) and choline chloride. Current investigators also have taken advantage of new approaches to neurochemical studies. Increasingly sensitive assay techniques such as gas chromatography/mass spectrometry have allowed investigators to measure low concentra tions of choline and acetylcholine in brain tissues. Improved neuroanatomical procedures such as immunohistochemical staining and the use of microelectrodes and micropipets have enabled skilled investigators to begin to map central acetylcholine pathways and to dissect the component parts of the complex interactions between brain acetylcholine and other neurotransmitters. The convergence of data from both clinical and basic studies now suggest that brain acetylcholine may be involved in affective illness, several movement disorders, and some cognitive disturbances. The purpose of this book is to summarize recent clinical and pre-clinical investigations on the possible role of brain acetylcholine in several neurological and psychiatric disorders. The volume is divided into six major sections: (1) Brain Acetylcholine and Psychiatric Disorders; (2) Brain Acetylcholine and Movement Disorders; (3) Brain Acetylcholine and Cognitive Function; (4) The Electrophysiology of Cholinergic Agents; (5) Interactions of Brain Acetylcholine and Other Neurotransmitters; (6) Biochemical and Pharmacological Aspects of CholinergiC Treatment Strategies.
Download or read book CNS Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators written by Trevor W. Stone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series CNS Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators is destined to be the definitive reference work on the physiology and pharmacology of the central nervous system. Written by an outstanding group of international authors, chapters cover a wide range of interdisciplinary aspects of the subject. This first volume includes an in-depth examination of acetylcholine, ranging from the localization of synthetic enzymes through electrophysiology, pharmacology, and molecular biology to behavioral importance in learning and memory. This indispensable and comprehensive reference keeps you abreast of new developments in several areas of neuroscience.
Download or read book Cerebral Cortex written by Edward G. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 6 of Cerebral Cortex is in some respects a continuation of Volume 2, which dealt with the functional aspects of cortical neurons from the physiological and pharmacological points of view. In the current volume, chapters are devoted to the catecholamines, which for a number of reasons were not represented in the earlier volume, and to acetylcholine and the neuropeptides, about which much new information has recently appeared. Volume 6 deals in part with the structure and function of cholinergic and catecholaminergic neuronal systems in the cerebral cortex and with new aspects of the cortical peptidergic neurons, notably the almost universal propensity of the known cortical peptides for being colocalized with classical transmitters and with one another. It thus completes our coverage of the major cortical neuro transmitter and neuromodulatory systems. Other chapters in this volume deal with data pertaining to the proportions of different types of cells and synapses in the neocortex and the physiology of the cortical neuroglial cells. These latter are topics that rarely receive separate treatment and the current chapters serve again to continue discussions of subjects that were introduced in Volume 2. The previous volumes have all been devoted to the neocortex but the present one introduces the subject of the archicortex. To this end, separate chapters are devoted to the physiology and anatomy of the hippocampal formation.
Download or read book Acetylcholine Sigma Receptors CCK and Eicosanoids Neurotoxins written by T. W. Stone and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1993 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterase Agents written by George B. Koelle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 1228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) agents have only limited applica tions in therapy, and from the viewpoint of practical significance they are more appropriately classified as toxic compounds or insecticides than as drugs, in their capacity of pharmacological tools they have few equals. The concept of neuro humoral transmission was originally established largely from experiments in which physostigmine, or eserine, was employed to protect acetylcholine (ACh), the trans mitter of the cholinergic nerves, from rapid hydrolytic destruction by acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) and other cholinesterases (ChE's). Since then, a great num ber of additional reversible and irreversible anti-ChE agents also have been indis pensable in studies of synaptic and neuroeffector transmission, and of other physiological processes. At the same time, there is practically no other class of compounds for which a mechanism of pharmacological action can be described in such concrete biochemical and physiological terms. Consequently, it is not sur prising that a huge literature has developed on these several closely interdependent topics. The assembling anrl proper correlation of this material for the present volume has taken the collaborative efforts of over two dozen . investigators. It iR believed that their contributions to this end will prove invaluable to future in vestigators in providing a ready, inclusive source of established information, in defining areas where further studies are indicated, and in preventing unnecessary duplication of past work. How well these aims have been accomplished will be for time and the reader to judge.
Download or read book Neurobiology of Acetylcholine written by Nae J. Dun and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Festschrift volume in honor of Professor Alexander Karczmar is the outcome of a three-day symposium entitled "Neurobiology of Acetylcholine" held at Loyola University Medical Center from June 3 to 5, 1985. This volume serves two purposes. It expresses the respect and admiration of the contributors to Alex Karczmar, and it provides a forum for detailing recent advances in the cholinergic field which has attracted the undivided and untiring attention of Dr. Karczmar over some 40 years. During this period, the cholinergic system has grown from its infancy to become one of the most studied and understood transmitter systems today. Dr. Karczmar's interest in cholinergic system is appropriately reflected by the range of topics, molecular, cellular, developmental, behavioral and toxicological, that were discussed here. A detailed synopsis of Dr. Karczmar's research and his contributions to the field of cholinergic systems can be found in the following chapter by his close friend and colleague, Dr. George Koelle. We would like to take this opportunity to thank the enthusiastic responses of the participants making this Festschrift a memorable event.
Download or read book Acetylcholine in the Cerebral Cortex written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Central Cholinergic Synaptic Transmission written by Frotscher and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our knowledge of cholinergic synaptic transmission in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) has expanded enormously since the early 1930's, at which time O. Loewi discovered chemical neurotransmission through acetylcholine (ACh) and the pharmacological actions of ACh were described by H. Dale and his colleagues. Description of ACh's actions and receptors in various parts of the brain was followed by a detailed analysis of ACh's synthesis, release mechanism, removal from the synaptic cleft, modes of agonist-receptor interactions, properties of regulated conductances and of the pre-and postsynaptic modulation of cholinergic synapses. Our knowledge has been increasingly consolidat ing, leading us to the recent clarification of the structure of the periph eral nicotinic receptor-ion channel and its functional properties. It is appropriate to maintain the claim that the fundamentals of our under standing of synaptic transmission come from studies on cholinergic synapses in the PNS. Contrastingly, views held on the role of cholinergic synapses in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS) are extremely controversial, although it has been clear for some time that ACh is present in the brain. Illustrating this, no unanimous view is held on the role of nicotinic receptors in the CNS. There is one notable exception to this confusion: Studies begun by J. C. Eccles and associates in the 1960's and completed by D. R. Curtis and R. W.
Download or read book Brain Cholinergic Mechanisms written by Sukumar Vijayaraghavan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-01-22 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much of our understanding of brain physiology has focused on what one might call, first order processes. These essentially include the primary synaptic mechanisms underlying excitation (mainly glutamate) and inhibition (mainly GABA). Our attention has focused on how the balance of excitation and inhibition regulates the timing, patterns, and extent of information flow across various circuits. A lot less is understood regarding second order processes that sculpt and modify these primary interactions. One such modulatory transmitter in the brain is acetylcholine (ACh). The importance of ACh in modulating various behaviors related to learning, memory, and attention has been recognized over the last four decades as has its involvement in various neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. However, our understanding of the mechanistic bases for these actions is at its infancy, at best and much remains to be understood. The array of receptor subtypes for nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, their different locations, and complex signal transduction mechanisms remain a puzzle. Transmitter (ACh) release sites and their relationship to receptor loci are poorly understood. Overall, we lack a unifying framework for conceptualizing how disparate actions of the transmitter on receptors lead to circuit modulation and, eventually, influences on cognition. By its very nature, reports on cholinergic signaling are quite scattered, presented in journals across sub-disciplines and in the context of the systems they modulate. Hence, there is need for consolidation of these studies under a single cover that would allow one to compare and contrast the effects of this transmitter across systems and contexts. This special issue represents one such compilation. The issue addresses cholinergic modulation of defined circuits that lead to specific behaviors and consists of a judicious mixture of review articles and primary papers. The articles focus on three aspects of the system: 1) Cellular targets of cholinergic signaling. 2) Receptor mechanisms. 3) Endogenous transmitter distribution and action. While no common mechanism emerges that can explain cholinergic actions on brain functions, on can postulate that the transmitter system is dynamic, modulating the balance of excitation and inhibition in various circuits. This modulation sets up timed network oscillations and it is tempting to speculate that these oscillations form a template for better encoding of afferent inputs. One can broadly envision the role of the cholinergic system as facilitating processes that allow for more efficient acquisition of learning and engraving of memories. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying tonic and stimulus-dependent release of ACh and how it alters firing templates of neuronal networks would be the first step towards elucidating its role in learning and memory. This special topics edition provides clues to some of the actions of ACh. It is hoped that the articles allow the reader to extract common themes and potential mechanisms of cholinergic regulation that will lead to elucidation of general principles governing the actions of this important neuromodulator.
Download or read book Cholinergic Function and Dysfunction written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1993-09-09 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cholinergic Function and Dysfunction
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Movement Disorders written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-02-26 with total page 1633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Movement Disorders is a comprehensive reference work on movement disorders, encompassing a wide variety of topics in neurology, neurosurgery, psychiatry and pharmacology. This compilation will feature more than 300 focused entries, including sections on different disease states, pathophysiology, epidemiology, genetics, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools, as well as discussions on relevant basic science topics. This Encyclopedia is an essential addition to any collection, written to be accessible for both the clinical and non-clinical reader. Academic clinicians, translational researchers and basic scientists are brought together to connect experimental findings made in the laboratory to the clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment of movement disorders. The Encyclopedia targets a broad readership, ranging from students to general physicians, basic scientists and Movement Disorder specialists. Published both in print and via Elsevier’s online platform of Science Direct, this Encyclopedia will have the enhanced option of integrating traditional print with online multimedia. Connects experimental findings made in the laboratory to the clinical features, pathophysiology, and treatment of movement disorders Encompasses a wide variety of topics in neurology neurosurgery, psychiatry, and pharmacology Written for a broad readership ranging from students to general physicians, basic scientists, and movement disorder specialists
Download or read book Tourette Syndrome written by Davide Martino and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 577 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tourette syndrome (TS) has become increasingly recognised within society and has gained scientific interest worldwide. Knowledge of its clinical presentation, mechanisms of disease, and available treatment approaches has increased remarkably over the last two decades. Likewise, the way clinicians, teachers, social care workers, and families face the problems manifested by patients with TS is rapidly evolving. Tourette Syndrome, edited by Davide Martino and James F. Leckman, offers a unique opportunity to capture this knowledge advance through a comprehensive and up-to-date overview. Tourette Syndrome covers all the main aspects related to TS, analyzing its complex clinical presentation, the novel viewpoints of causes and mechanisms, state-of-the-art assessment techniques, and the diversity of treatment options. Multidisciplinarity is the main asset of this volume, which represents a source of consultation for a wide audience of professionals, integrated with video tutorials related to particularly complex areas of patient management. Medical and PhD students, as well as post-doctoral scientists, will be able to use the volume as a valuable learning source.
Download or read book Acetylcholine Synthesis in Neurons written by Stanislav Tuček and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology written by Jeffrey Kreutzer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia goes beyond other references in the field to offer concise and comprehensive coverage of assessment, treatment and rehabilitation in a single source, with more than fifteen hundred entries with linked cross-references and suggested readings.
