Download or read book Essentials of WTO Law written by Peter Van den Bossche and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-04-02 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when developments in WTO law have made this field increasingly complex, this concise and non-technical introduction provides a timely and carefully considered overview of the substantive rules and institutional arrangements of the WTO. A variety of text features enables a rich understanding of the law: illustrative examples clarify important issues of the law and demonstrate the law's practical application; boxed summaries of key rulings in WTO case law highlight the interpretation of the relevant provisions and lead readers to a deep understanding of the meaning and application of legal rules; and recommendations for further reading allow readers to engage with current debates. Online resources include links to useful sources of information for work and research within the field. Co-written by a leading authority in the field, this is essential reading for anyone who wants to get to grips with this fascinating yet challenging field of law.
Download or read book Introduction to Market Access for Pharmaceuticals written by Mondher Toumi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-01-12 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market access is the fourth hurdle in the drug development process and the primary driver for global income of any new drug. Without a strategy in place for pricing, showing value for effectiveness and an understanding of the target purchasers’ needs, the drug will fail to reach its intended market value. Introduction to Market Access for Pharmaceuticals is based on an accredited course in this area, taken from the European Market Access University Diploma (EMAUD), and is affiliated with Aix Marseille University. Key Features: The first guide to market access for pharmaceuticals based on tested teaching materials Addresses both pharmaceutical and vaccine products Includes case studies and scenarios Covers market access consdierations for Western Europe, the USA, Japan and China Explains the impact the changing healthcare market will have on your product
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Market Access in Developed Markets written by Güvenç Koçkaya and published by SEEd. This book was released on 2018-01-22 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market access is the process by which a pharmaceutical company gets its product available on the market after having obtained a marketing authorization from a regulatory agency and by which the product becomes available for all patients for whom it is indicated as per its marketing authorization. It covers a group of activities intended to provide access to the appropriate medicine for the appropriate group of patients at the appropriate price (in most countries). Market Access may also be seen as activities that support the management of potential barriers, such as non-optimal price and reimbursement levels, the restriction of the scope of prescribing for the drug or complicated prescription writing or funding procedures. Since there are cultural differences among countries, any Market Access strategy needs to be culturally sensitive. Pharmaceutical Market Access in emerging markets has been extensively discussed in our previous book, published in 2016. The present book focuses on developed markets with the goal of helping students, academics, industry personnel, government workers, and decision makers understand the environment in developed markets.
Download or read book The Law and Policy of the World Trade Organization written by Peter Van den Bossche and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-10 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is primarily a textbook for graduate and upper-level undergraduate students of law. However, practising lawyers and policy-makers who are looking for an introduction to WTO law will also find it invaluable. The book covers both the institutional and substantive law of the WTO. While the treatment of the law is often quite detailed, the main aim of this textbook is to make clear the basic principles and underlying logic of WTO law and the world trading system. Each section contains questions and assignments, to allow students to assess their understanding and develop useful practical skills. At the end of each chapter there is a helpful summary, as well as an exercise on specific, true-to-life international trade problems.
Download or read book Ensuring Quality to Gain Access to Global Markets written by Martin Kellermann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a modern world with rapidly growing international trade, countries compete less based on the availability of natural resources, geographical advantages, and lower labor costs and more on factors related to firms' ability to enter and compete in new markets. One such factor is the ability to demonstrate the quality and safety of goods and services expected by consumers and confirm compliance with international standards. To assure such compliance, a sound quality infrastructure (QI) ecosystem is essential. Jointly developed by the World Bank Group and the National Metrology Institute of Germany, this guide is designed to help development partners and governments analyze a country's quality infrastructure ecosystems and provide recommendations to design and implement reforms and enhance the capacity of their QI institutions.
Download or read book Railroads and American Economic Growth written by Robert William Fogel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A new market access strategy for the European Union written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market Access Goods written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reading the Market written by Peter Knight and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2016-09 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction -- Market reports -- Reading the ticker tape -- Picturing the market -- Confidence games and inside information -- Conspiracy and the invisible hand of the market -- Epilogue
Download or read book Market Access Manual written by Stephen Muyakwa and published by . This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of markets and globalisation is a living issue. Despite some terms and expressions we may come across, it is not difficult to understand and discuss the issues of market access and globalisation. Market access affects everyone. The reader of this manual should not be discouraged by language and terminology. Even for first timers, crossing a river can be an interesting and enjoyable experience. Once the river has been crossed, you find a lot of new land and opportunities. International trade and globalisation are phenomenon we all are living with. Coming to understand - even in a small way- how this process is working is highly rewarding for individuals, groups, and communities. An understanding of globalisation and market access issues helps the reader see the threats and opportunities in the process. It helps thereader make informed choices. As a friend, I encourage you, the user of this manual, to include the following: Read through this manual often and the terms will become more familiar. Encourage your friends to read the manual and share with them the issues involved. Find other literature and materials on globalisation and market access. There are many sources, including the internet, libraries, local newspapers, local publications, and television and adioJoin or form a local network of people interested in learning more about trade, globalisation and market access Find local issues related to trade and globalisation, discuss them, put them on the agenda, and find practical ways of dealing with them. Become active locally, nationally and internationally on issues of trade, globalisation and market access. Remember, these are issues affecting you.
Download or read book The EU s Market Access Strategy written by Bernard Hoekman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EU Market Access Strategy (MAS) and associated Market Access Partnership (MAP) is a EU trade policy operational instrument designed to identify and remove market access restrictions confronting EU firms in third country export markets. Since the 2008 financial crisis, there has been a steady increase in the number of trade restricting measures imposed by EU trading partners. The MAS is a key tool through which the EU seeks to work with third countries to prevent, remove and reduce market access barriers. There is broad support for the MAS among stakeholders who are aware of the mechanism and a virtual consensus that greater emphasis should be given by the European Union to identifying and removing barriers to trade and investment in third countries. Two types of challenges confront the MAS and, as a result, its effectiveness. One centres on the identification of protectionist measures and the ability of the EU to induce policy changes by trading partners. The other is to improve awareness among EU exporters of the existence of the MAP and leveraging the tools that are available to address market access restrictions. The European Parliament can contribute to addressing these challenges by engaging with national parliaments and constituencies on the existence and utility of the MAS and in advocating that market access issues be prioritised in the activities of the European Commission. The European Parliament can also play an increased role in helping to achieve the goals of the MAS and support EU exports by raising market access issues when they engage with third country counterparts.
Download or read book Frontiers in Market Access written by Kasem Akhras and published by . This book was released on 2021-05-31 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book DAC Guidelines and Reference Series Promoting Pro Poor Growth Policy Guidance for Donors written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2007-02-16 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on pro-poor growth and income poverty, Promoting Pro-Poor Growth: Policy Guidance for Donors identifies binding constraints and offers policies and strategies to address them.
Download or read book Implementing Market Access revised written by Kala Krishna and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market Access for the Least developed Countries written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Market Access Openness and Growth written by John Romalis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper identifies a causal effect of openness to international trade on growth. It does so by using tariff barriers of the United States as instruments for the openness of developing countries. Trade liberalization by a large trading partner causes an expansion in the trade of other countries. Trade expansion induced by greater market access appears to cause a quantitatively large acceleration in the growth rates of developing countries. Eliminating existing developed world tariffs would increase developing country trade to GDP ratios by one third and growth rates by 0.6 to 1.6 percent per annum.
Download or read book Market information and access to structured markets by small farmers and traders Evidence from an action research experiment in central Malawi written by Ochieng, Dennis O. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Small farmers and traders often lack the market information they need to earn the most from their crop sales. This paper analyzes the effects of an action research experiment in central Malawi, in which four groups of smallholder farmers were provided with maize and soybean price information from a local commodity exchange during the 2019 marketing season, while four other groups of smallholder farmers did not receive this information. Using data from a panel survey of 399 farmers and 78 traders conducted before and after the main marketing season and using kernel propensity score matching approach to account for possible differences between the treated and non-treated farmers, we estimate the effects of the intervention on a number of outcome indicators. A before versus after analysis was also employed to evaluate changes in traders’ marketing outcomes. We find positive but statistically insignificant effects on maize and soybean selling prices, sales through structured markets and levels of commercialization after the intervention. We also find a negative and statistically significant effect on the quantity of maize sold by farmers, suggesting paradoxically that providing farmers with price information reduced their sales volumes. The proportion of traders aware of structured markets and their share of sales through structured markets also increased significantly after the intervention. The quantity of maize sold by traders as well as the selling prices for maize and soy-bean also increased significantly, although this may be due to factors other than the intervention. The study concludes that provision of price information alone is not enough to facilitate small farmers’ and traders’ use of structured markets. Greater effort is needed to sensitize farmers and traders on the quality and quantity requirements as well as the operations of structured markets.
