Download or read book A Strategy Brief on US Ethanol Markets and Policies written by Annette Hester and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ethanol market in the United States is undergoing a rapid increase, affecting many sectors of the national economy. Consensus among all stakeholders is that priority must be given to the development of cellulosic ethanol and other technologies capable of delivering a safe and effective biofuel, to address the growing US energy security dilemma. The development of a new biofuels market that will combine ethanol production from traditional and innovative crops with new alternative fuel technology presents exciting opportunities and challenges. This paper examines the current developments in the ethanol market - both economic and political - and attempts to show where the synergies lie between US producers' best strategies and achieving energy security.

Download or read book A strategy brief on US ethanol markets and policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hester is the author of numerous articles published in Oil and Gas Journal, Estey Centre Journal, and the Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology; as well as chapters in edited volumes; and is a frequent contributor to a variety of newspapers including The Globe and Mail and the Calgary Herald. [...] Given that estimates for the 2001-2005 period are not available, a "back of the envelope" calculation was made by multiplying the total ethanol production of 13.9 billion gallons by the tax credit of $0.51 to arrive at the rough figure of $7 billion. [...] Informed estimates are that ethanol plant costs of US$100 million have almost doubled in the last two years.10 In the absence of an existing pipeline gathering and transportation infrastructure, part of the expense is attributed to the need to build appropriate rail transportation terminals in each plant. [...] A comprehensive discussion of these two plants can be found in a recently published article by Chad Hart and Miguel Carriquiry.14 The Road Ahead Central to the issues facing policymakers and producers are the projections for 2007/2008 and 2008/2009 increases in ethanol production and the associated impact this would have on the acreage dedicated to the corn harvest. [...] Worthy of note are the efforts of Vinod Koshla, the founder of Sun MicroSytems, now turned venture capitalist and the nation's number one advocate for ethanol, especially cellulosic ethanol.24 There is plenty of evidence that the increased funding can bring cellulosic ethanol to markets in less than the ten years most scientists believe is feasible.

Download or read book A Strategy Brief on US Ethanol Markets and Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on the Market Effects of U S Ethanol Policies written by Chi Chun Steve Tsang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ethanol in America written by Department of Energy (DOE) and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-04 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here is unique information about ethanol, cellulosic ethanol, and E85 fuels from the DOE. Contents: Part 1: Handbook for Handling, Storing, and Dispensing E85; Part 2: Understanding the Growth of the Cellulosic Ethanol Industry. E85 Handbook: This document serves as a guide for blenders, distributors, sellers, and users of E85 as an alternative motor fuel. It provides basic information on the proper and safe use of E85 and offers supporting technical and policy references. E85 is an alternative motor fuel authorized by the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992, Section 301(2). As defined by EPAct, E85 is composed of 85% fuel grade ethanol and 15% hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range. Ethanol is a renewable, domestically produced fuel that can be made from grains, such as corn or wheat, or from biomass or cellulose sources, such as prairie grass and agricultural, forestry, or municipal waste matter. Several research studies show that E85 has the potential to substantially reduce petroleum fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). Driven by increasing gasoline prices, the market for E85 is growing. With consumer demand for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) increasing, auto manufacturers are working to produce more flexible fuel vehicles (FFVs), which are capable of operating on E85 or gasoline or a combination of the two. As of May 2010, there were 8.35 million FFVs on U.S. roads, and automakers were planning to produce several million more each year. FFVs are available in most vehicle classes, including sedans, minivans, trucks, and sport utility vehicles. The number of E85 fueling stations is growing rapidly nationwide. As of June 2010, there were 2,051 retail stations (out of 162,000 nationwide) offering E85 across the country. Several key factors affecting E85 growth and acceptance were recently addressed. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a guidance document to states defining a process by which they could determine whether "Stage II" gasoline vapor recovery equipment would be required for new E85 pumps. In October 2007, Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., (UL) established standardized testing procedures for E85 fuel dispensers that address the unique properties of alcohol fuels when blended with gasoline. This testing standard (UL Subject 87A) was updated in August 2009. In addition, UL announced equipment listed for E85 use in June 2010. Cellulosic Ethanol Industry: This report identifies, outlines, and documents a set of plausible scenarios for producing significant quantities of lignocellulosic ethanol in 2017. These scenarios can provide guidance for setting government policy and targeting government investment to the areas with greatest potential impact. A prototype version of the Biomass Scenario Model (BSM) was used to develop the scenarios. The analysis underlying the scenario-generation exercise focuses on understanding the impact of two types of proposed government policies on the deployment of cellulosic biofuels technologies: Policies focused on reducing operating costs associated with cellulosic ethanol production. These policies include payments to feedstock producers and subsidies associated with production of cellulosic ethanol. Policies focused on reducing capital costs associated with cellulosic ethanol production. These policies include capital subsidies for construction of full-scale cellulosic ethanol production plants.

Download or read book Energy Abstracts for Policy Analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book U S Ethanol written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Understanding Market Reponses of U S Ethanol Policy written by James Andrew Brown and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Throughout 2011, several pieces of legislation aimed at modifying U.S. ethanol policy have been proposed in Congress. The current policy debate focuses on whether to leave the mandate for corn and sugarcane based ethanol at 15 billion gallons per year or to lower it. This study assesses the effects of proposed ethanol legislation by evaluating both the historical effects of U.S. ethanol policy and approximating the outcomes of currently proposed legislation. Historical effects are assessed following Luchansky and Monks (2009) and lengthening the monthly data series to 1994 to 2009, further controlling for autocorrelation and adding explanatory variables to control for the ethanol blender's credit and environmental policies encouraging ethanol use. The study finds there was a structural break in the U.S. ethanol industry in 2002 and that the interaction of environmental policies and a 186 percent increase in the retail gasoline price from 2002 to 2008 drove the rapid expansion in the U.S. ethanol industry starting in 2002 (U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2011f). The effects of proposed legislation are assessed using an Equilibrium Displacement Model (EDM). The classic EDM is expanded to determine whether or not policy outcomes diverge when using a linear versus a non-linear approximation procedure. Results suggest outcomes of current policy proposals for U.S. ethanol producers and corn farmers are determined by the ethanol mandate. In contrast, policy prescription outcomes for ethanol consumers and foreign ethanol producers are jointly determined by the mandate, subsidy and tariff. However, no economically significant differences resulted from using the linear versus the non-linear approximation procedure. This study finds that the future of the U.S. ethanol industry will be jointly determined by the level of the U.S. ethanol mandate and long-run retail gasoline prices.

Download or read book Market Efficiency and Optimal Hedging Strategy for the Us Ethanol Market written by Emmanuel Hache and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Intended and Unintended Effects of U S Agricultural and Biotechnology Policies written by Joshua S. Graff Zivin and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using economic models and empirical analysis, this volume examines a wide range of agricultural and biofuel policy issues and their effects on American agricultural and related agrarian insurance markets. Beginning with a look at the distribution of funds by insurance programs—created to support farmers but often benefiting crop processors instead—the book then examines the demand for biofuel and the effects of biofuel policies on agricultural price uncertainty. Also discussed are genetically engineered crops, which are assuming an increasingly important role in arbitrating tensions between energy production, environmental protection, and the global food supply. Other contributions discuss the major effects of genetic engineering on worldwide food markets. By addressing some of the most challenging topics at the intersection of agriculture and biotechnology, this volume informs crucial debates.

Download or read book Effects of Recent Fossil Energy Market Developments on US Ethanol written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Implementation of the Provisions of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Green Energy to Sustainability Strategies for Global Industries written by Alain A. Vertes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-10 with total page 702 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the latest advances in biofuel manufacturing technologies and discusses the deployment of other renewable energy for transportation Aimed at providing an interface useful to business and scientific managers, this book focuses on the key challenges that still impede the realization of the billion-ton renewable fuels vision. It places great emphasis on a global view of the topic, reviewing deployment and green energy technology in different countries across Africa, Asia, South America, the EU, and the USA. It also integrates scientific, technological, and business development perspectives to highlight the key developments that are necessary for the global replacement of fossil fuels with green energy solutions. Green Energy to Sustainability: Strategies for Global Industries examines the most recent developments in biofuel manufacturing technologies in light of business, financial, value chain, and supply chain concerns. It also covers the use of other renewable energy sources like solar energy for transportation and proposes a view of the challenges over the next two to five decades, and how these will deeply modify the industrial world in the third millennium. The coming of age of electric vehicles is also looked at, as is the impact of their deployment on the biomass to biofuels value chain. Offers extensive updates on the field of green energy for global industries Covers the structure of the energy business; chemicals and diesel from biomass; ethanol and butanol; hydrogen and methane; and more Provides an expanded focus on the next generation of energy technologies Reviews the latest advances in biofuel manufacturing technologies Integrates scientific, technological and business perspectives Highlights important developments needed for replacing fossil fuels with green energy Green Energy to Sustainability: Strategies for Global Industries will appeal to academic researchers working on the production of fuels from renewable feedstocks and those working in green and sustainable chemistry, and chemical/process engineering. It is also an excellent textbook for courses in bioprocessing technology, renewable resources, green energy, and sustainable chemistry.

Download or read book The Birth of a Bioeconomy written by Abigail N Martin and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation examines the history of ethanol policymaking and the growth of a global ethanol production network, a cornerstone of the emerging low-carbon, bio-based economy. In this way, the study also provides insights into the nature of economic and environmental governance of this bio-based economy, analyzing the effects at multiple jurisdictional levels. I conducted research in Brazil and the United States, the two countries responsible for the vast majority of global ethanol production. The dissertation draws on data collected using qualitative methods including document analysis, interviews conducted in English and Portuguese, and multi-sited ethnographic investigation at nodes along ethanol commodity chains. The dissertation is divided into two parts, in which I first analyze the social, cultural and political forces that have influenced national ethanol production and consumption strategies, practices, and policies, before turning to the contemporary transnational governance arrangements determining the low-carbon value of ethanol and other biofuels on global markets. Together, Parts I and II emphasize the role of ideas and expertise in the transformation of ethanol and other biofuels, from agricultural support crops to the first globally traded commodities to be sold with low-carbon sustainability credentials. Broadly, the four chapters in Part I examine the ways in which governments have transformed the economic geography of ethanol production networks anchored in Brazilian sugarcane and American corn. Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 5 examine how nationally specific political cultures of economic governance have influenced ethanol policymaking. In Chapter 2, I present a new framework for understanding the relationship between ethanol policymaking and political cultures of economic governance as a way to shed new light on the cultural and structural conditions of state support for low-carbon development. Chapters 3 and 4 address the US case exclusively. In Chapter 3, I provide a genealogical analysis of the evolution of political culture since the formation of the nation-state, tracing how key ideas and practices regarding economic governance have emerged and receded leading up through the 1970s. In Chapter 4, I weave the history of US ethanol policymaking into this genealogical analysis, using the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries to show how political culture has helped to constitute the vision, strategies and policies used to build the US ethanol statecraft. Chapter 5 applies the same analysis in Chapter 4 to the case of Brazil. The overarching argument developed is that the US and Brazil have differently governed ethanol expansion in accordance with their unique political cultures of state intervention. In addition, these cases suggest that ethanol statecraft also helps to constitute a nation's political cultures of economic governance. In Part II, I examine one particular form of economic governance: the emerging global regime complex for biofuels governance. I shift the usual focus of policy analysis from the national level to the transnational level. I conduct a fine-grained analysis of the governance arrangements shaping the global biofuels production network. I advance the argument that a global regime complex for biofuels has emerged and indicates that the politics of expertise provide a new mode of regime complex orchestration. Chapter 6 situates global environmental governance for biofuels as part of a broader historical trend away from multilateral regimes to regime complexes. This began in the forestry sector, which I unpack to use as a critical exemplar. Chapter 7 explores how the low-carbon justification for industrial policies that have increased ethanol production and consumption around the world requires nation-states to arbitrate the meaning of "low-carbon" value through the politics of expertise. This chapter looks closely at the scientific controversy that emerged around models developed to calculate the lifecycles of greenhouse gas emissions produced by different biofuel commodity chains. Chapter 8 provides a theory of regime complex orchestration based on the biofuels regime complex. This theorization emphasizes the ways in which the regime complex structure empowers transnational networks of experts to orchestrate coordination between regimes. The experimentalist architecture of the regime complex for biofuels empowers experts to steer outcomes through think deliberation. In effect, this group of non-state actors has pulled various regimes for biofuels towards broad agreement about the value of including indirect land use change variables in GHG calculator models. Taken together, these findings offer several theoretical and practical insights into the kinds of democratic institutional capacities that are required for a just transition to a low-carbon future.

Download or read book Value added Agricultural Enterprises in Rural Development Strategies written by Tadlock Cowan and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2003 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Agriculture is also changing rapidly from a sector characterised by production of undifferentiated bulk commodities sold in spot markets to one of specialised markets driven by new end-user demands. As production shifts away from commodity agriculture to product agriculture, vertically integrated agribusiness firms are increasingly organising production into agro-food value chains to synchronise all stages of production from seed to supermarket. Value-added production is a central element of agro-food value chain, and control over specific "identity preserved"(IP) trait is basic to the development of product agriculture. Many farmers and ranchers are beginning to consider how they might reorganise their operation to better anticipate these changes and to participate in them, for example, by forming "new generation" value-added co-operatives, and engaging in increased contract production as sources of new markets, lowered risks, and higher farm and ranch incomes. Emerging opportunities for biomass-based fuels and materials processing facilities, new food processing plants, and alternative farming system (e.g., organic) could create important new markets for producers. Smaller-scale producers find new opportunities in regionally branded products, farmers markets, new speciality crops, ethic markets, or in establishing direct marketing links between farms an regional groceries. This new book examines the status of this important development.

Download or read book Ethanol Price Discovery in U S Terminal Markets written by Maria Gerveni and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article shows, for the first time, where U.S. ethanol prices are discovered across the major regional markets in the country. We adopt a bivariate approach that compares each regional market against Chicago, as it is equipped with one of the largest terminals in the U.S. and is widely regarded as the center of ethanol price discovery in the country. Ethanol prices in the Chicago terminal electronic trading platform are also suspected of being manipulated over the 2017-2019 period. We use Hasbrouck (1995) information share ( IS ) and a rolling window approach to study the dynamics of the IS over time. Using daily data from 2013 to the beginning of 2021, we find Chicago to be mostly a dominant market, with price discovery shares above 50% on average. We find that these are driven by market fundamentals, policy, and concentration in the Chicago terminal electronic trading platform. We also find that during the alleged manipulation period, U.S. ethanol markets either placed less confidence on the price signal from Chicago, or completely stopped following Chicago's price resulting in a break in the regional equilibrium price parity in the U.S. ethanol market.

Download or read book History of Ethanol Fuel Adoption in the United States Policy Economics and Logistics written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethanol has the achieved the greatest market share of all the alternative transportation fuels that have been researched, developed, and deployed in the US. There are multiple lessons to be learned from the history of ethanol adoption that can be applied to future fuels and products. Ethanol has replaced portions of gasoline in three main blend levels, with corresponding vehicles, equipment, benefits, and policies. The first is E10, which has replaced nearly all pure gasoline (E0) sold in the United States today (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2015). This was brought about through generations of policies that were motivated by multiple factors related to engine performance, energy security, health, air quality, and climate protection. Ethanol's high octane has been a consistent driver of the fuel because this enables higher performance engines. Early policies (1973-1979) were largely motivated by the desire to reduce dependence on petroleum sourced from members of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC. Fuel policy in the 1980s was largely in pursuit of promoting octane number enhancers that could replace lead. Criteria pollutant reduction was the overarching goal of actions taken from 1990 to 2005. From 2005 to the present, fuel policy has been largely motivated by energy security and climate protection goals. These policies were usually technology-agnostic and promoted multiple fuels and additives during each period. However, ethanol is the only fuel identified that is cost effective with qualities that enabled it to prosper in the policy environments of all four of these periods.The second market for ethanol is via 85% ethanol (E85). This fuel has the advantage of a greater concentration of ethanol but the disadvantage of not being compatible with regular gasoline vehicles. Instead, it can only be used in flexible-fuel vehicle (FFVs), which can use every blend level from E0 to E85. Therefore, much of the effort to increase E85 consumption has been aimed at incentivizing automakers to manufacture FFVs, drivers to purchase FFVs, and fueling stations to equip themselves to sell E85.The third, and newest, market through which ethanol is consumed is 15% ethanol (E15), which builds upon the E10 market to increase ethanol consumption by common gasoline vehicles. Efforts to create the E15 market consisted largely of testing vehicles and refueling equipment for compatibility, creating waivers to allow the use of E15, placing requirements on E15 retailers, and incentivizing retailers to equip themselves to purchase E15.