Download or read book A Woman s Wage written by Alice Kessler-Harris and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this pathbreaking book, Alice Kessler-Harris explores the meanings of women's wages in the United States in the twentieth century, focusing on three sets of issues that capture the transformation of women's roles: the battle over minimum wage for women, which exposes the relationship between family ideology and workplace demands; the argument over equal pay for equal work, which challenges gendered patterns of self-esteem and social organization; and the current debate over comparable worth, which seeks to incorporate traditionally female values into new work and family trajectories. Together these issues trace the many ways in which gendered meaning has been produced, transmitted, and challenged.
Download or read book Women s Wages and Work in the Twentieth Century written by James P. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines reasons the reported wages of women have remained constant at approximately 59 percent of men's wages during the twentieth century, and looks for explanations for the remarkable growth in the proportion of women who work. The authors examined two factors, education and work experience, as determinants of women's wages, and concluded that the constancy of women's relative wages at the 59 percent level is a myth. Instead, they found that: (1) the wages of working women did not increase relative to those of men between 1920 and 1980 because the skill of working women did not increase relative to that of men in the same period; (2) the average wages of the entire population of women have increased much faster than the wages of men during the last 60 years; (3) women's wages relative to men's jumped significantly between 1980 and 1983; and (4) women's economic status will improve significantly relative to men's over the next 20 years. They identified three demographic forces that contributed to the long-term growth in the female labor force: the increasing nuclearization of the American family, the urbanization of its population, and the long-term secular decline in fertility.
Download or read book A Woman s Wage written by Alice Kessler-Harris and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2014-05-27 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this updated edition of a groundbreaking classic, Alice Kessler-Harris explores the meanings of women's wages in the United States in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, focusing on three issues that capture the transformation of women's roles: the battle over minimum wage for women, which exposes the relationship between family ideology and workplace demands; the argument concerning equal pay for equal work, which challenges gendered patterns of self-esteem and social organization; and the debate over comparable worth, which seeks to incorporate traditionally female values into new work and family trajectories. Together, these topics illuminate the many ways in which gendered social meaning has been produced, transmitted, and challenged.
Download or read book Career and Family written by Claudia Goldin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author builds on decades of complex research to examine the gender pay gap and the unequal distribution of labor between couples in the home. The author argues that although public and private discourse has brought these concerns to light, the actions taken - such as a single company slapped on the wrist or a few progressive leaders going on paternity leave - are the economic equivalent of tossing a band-aid to someone with cancer. These solutions, the author writes, treat the symptoms and not the disease of gender inequality in the workplace and economy. Here, the author points to data that reveals how the pay gap widens further down the line in women's careers, about 10 to 15 years out, as opposed to those beginning careers after college. She examines five distinct groups of women over the course of the twentieth century: cohorts of women who differ in terms of career, job, marriage, and children, in approximated years of graduation - 1900s, 1920s, 1950s, 1970s, and 1990s - based on various demographic, labor force, and occupational outcomes. The book argues that our entire economy is trapped in an old way of doing business; work structures have not adapted as more women enter the workforce. Gender equality in pay and equity in home and childcare labor are flip sides of the same issue, and the author frames both in the context of a serious empirical exploration that has not yet been put in a long-run historical context. This book offers a deep look into census data, rich information about individual college graduates over their lifetimes, and various records and sources of material to offer a new model to restructure the home and school systems that contribute to the gender pay gap and the quest for both family and career. --
Download or read book Wage Earning Women Industrial Work and Family Life in the United States 1900 1930 written by Dearborn Leslie Woodcock Tentler University of Michigan and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1979-09-20 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains primary source material.
Download or read book Labor Markets in the Twentieth Century written by Claudia Dale Goldin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of the labor market across the past hundred years reveals enormous progress and also that history repeats itself and has come full circle in some ways. Progress has been made in the rewards of labor -- wages, benefits, and increased leisure through shorter hours, vacation time, sick leave, and earlier retirement. Labor has been granted added security on the job and more safety nets when unemployed, ill, and old. Progress in the labor market has interacted with societal changes. Women's increased participation in the paid labor force is the most significant. The virtual elimination of child and full-time juvenile labor is another. Two of the most pressing economic issues of our day demonstrate that history repeats itself. Labor productivity has been lagging since the 1970s. It was equally sluggish at other junctures in American history, but the present has unique features. The current slowdown in the United States has been accompanied by a widening in the wage structure. Rising inequality is a far more serious problem because of the coincidence. The wage structure was as wide in 1940 as today but there is, to date, no hard evidence when it began its upward trend. The wage structure has, therefore, come full circle to what it was more than a half century ago. Union strength has also come full circle to that at the turn of this century.
Download or read book Living Wages Equal Wages Gender and Labour Market Policies in the United States written by Deborah M. Figart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2005-07-08 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wage setting has historically been a deeply political and cultural as well as economic process. This informative and accessible book explores how US wage regulations in the twentieth century took gender, race-ethnicity and class into account. Focusing on social reform movements for living wages and equal wages, it offers an interdisciplinary account of how women's work and the remuneration for that work has changed along with the massive transformations in the economy and family structures. The controversial issue of establishing living wages for all workers makes this book both a timely and indispensable contribution to this wide ranging debate, and it will surely become required reading for anyone with an interest in modern economic issues.
Download or read book Working for Women written by Celia Briar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-30 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1997 Working for Women? examines the ways in which women's patterns of paid and unpaid work have been mediated by the policies of governments throughout the 20th century. It looks at the state in defining what is women's work and men's work, and at equal pay and opportunities policies. This book will appeal to academics of sociology, gender and women's studies.
Download or read book Out to Work written by Alice Kessler-Harris and published by New York : Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1982, this pioneering work traces the transformation of "women's work" into wage labor in the United States, identifying the social, economic, and ideological forces that have shaped our expectations of what women do. Basing her observations upon the personal experience ofindividual American women set against the backdrop of American society, Alice Kessler-Harris examines the effects of class, ethnic and racial patterns, changing perceptions of wage work for women, and the relationship between wage-earning and family roles. In the 20th Anniversary Edition of thislandmark book, the author has updated the original and written a new Afterword.
Download or read book Women in Twentieth Century Britain written by Ina Zweiniger-Bargielowska and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Women's lives have changed dramatically over the course of the twentieth century: reduced fertility and the removal of formal barriers to their participation in education, work and public life are just some examples. At the same time, women are under-represented in many areas, are paid significantly less than men, continue to experience domestic violence and to bear the larger part of the burden in the domestic division of labour. Women in 2000 may have many more choices and opportunities than they had a hundred years ago, but genuine equality between men and women remains elusive. This unique, illustrated history discusses a wide range of topics organised into four parts: the life course - the experience of girlhood, marriage and the ageing process; the nature of women's work, both paid and unpaid; consumption, culture and transgression; and citizenship and the state.
Download or read book Labor in the Twentieth Century written by John T. Dunlop and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor in the Twentieth Century provides the comparative method of reviewing labor in five advanced democratic countries. This book presents statistical series for employment, unemployment, wages, hours, and labor disputes. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with an overview of the major changes in the characteristics of both workers and their jobs that have occurred since 1990. This text then examines the social, political, and economic environment of Germany. Other chapters consider the factors that have made France exceptional, including the use of foreign manpower, the heavy labor-force participation of women, and the long period of demographic stagnation connected with low birthrates at the beginning of the 19th century. This book discusses as well the scarcity in the labor market, particularly of qualified manpower. The final chapter deals with the Westerner's conceptualization of Japanese industrialist relation. This book is a valuable resource for economists, historians, and social scientists.
Download or read book Work and Pay in Twentieth century Britain written by N. F. R. Crafts and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 20th century was a period of unrivalled change in the British labour market. Covering topics from lifetime work patterns and education to unemployment and the welfare state, this volume charts the transformation of work and pay across the 20th century. It provides the labour focused history of Britain.
Download or read book Women in the Twentieth Century written by Sophonisba Preston Breckinridge and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author discusses women and the labor market, the home economy, consumption, and leisure. In part 1 (devoted to "Women's Use of Spare Time"), the chapter on "The Post-War Development, 1918-1932" (p. 42-91) concerns women's clubs, the YWCA, the American Home Economics Association, African American women's groups, the National Consumers League, and the National Woman's Trade Union League of America. Chapters in part 2 (devoted to "Women and Gainful Employment," pp. 99-242), cover "Women's Sources of Income," "Women in Selected Manufacturing Occupations," "Women and the World of Business," and "Women and Unemployment." '
Download or read book A Companion to American Women s History written by Nancy A. Hewitt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of twenty-four original essays by leading scholars in American women's history highlights the most recent important scholarship on the key debates and future directions of this popular and contemporary field. Covers the breadth of American Women's history, including the colonial family, marriage, health, sexuality, education, immigration, work, consumer culture, and feminism. Surveys and evaluates the best scholarship on every important era and topic. Includes expanded bibliography of titles to guide further research.
Download or read book Women s Wages written by William Smart and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2021-05-19 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scottish economist, William Smart, writes the solutions to a complicated question of why women's wages are less than that of a man in this influential work. Listing several generally plausible reasons, he explains that they are at best a half-truth taken singly and do not account for all the phenomena. Smart gives the notion that women's wage was customary and was decided when the world was poorer and the economy was strong. The work was written during the time when women mainly worked in the textiles trade of Great Britain. Unlike many economists of his time, he doesn't dismiss the question by regarding it as insignificant but gives insightful reasons and valuable solutions to the problem.
Download or read book Wages and Hours written by Ronnie J. Steinberg and published by New Brunswick, N.J. : Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploitation from 9 to 5 written by Task Force on Working Women and published by Free Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on sex discrimination in woman worker employment in the USA - covers management attitudes and practices, trade union attitudes, government policy and programmes concerning employment opportunity, women's rights, equal pay, educational opportunity and the education of women, child care, etc., and comments on labour legislation relating to equal opportunity and the enforcement thereof. Bibliography pp. 197 to 200, graphs, references and statistical tables.
