Download or read book Witness Participation in the Criminal Justice System written by Rakel Provonsha Larson and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Witnesses and victims often choose not to report crimes to police. Previous research suggests that decisions to report and participate in the criminal justice process are the product of a complex, multi-determined confluence of cognitive, social, and cultural factors. The focus of this dissertation was to examine the relationship between attitudes regarding the legitimacy of police, expressed willingness to report crimes, and actual crime reporting. Study 1, conducted with 309 undergraduate students, was designed to assess whether the relationship between perceptions of legitimacy and expressed willingness to report varied depending on the specific crime conditions. The results showed that when presented with broad, hypothetical questions that do not specify the crime conditions (i.e., the typical method used in willingness studies), individuals imagine their own crime scenarios. Willingness to report varied depending on the specific conditions imagined and based on explicitly defined features of the crime. The legitimacy-willingness relationship was robust, regardless of whether respondents imagined the crime features or they were explicitly provided with them. Study 2 assessed attitudes about the legitimacy of police and crime reporting behavior among 75 undergraduates who had either been a witness or victim of a serious crime within the previous two years. Attitudes about the legitimacy of the police were strongly associated with respondents' expressed willingness to report crimes to the police, but were not associated with actual crime reporting behavior. Expressed willingness was strongly associated with actual crime reporting. The results underscore the importance of social factors associated with actual reporting. Specifically, victims and witnesses were less likely to report crimes when: (a) they were committed by perpetrators they knew; (b) they perceived the crime as not serious; (c) they did not fear retaliation; (d) they feared being labeled a "snitch;" (e) they did not talk to a parent or co-witness after the crime occurred; and, (f) they did not perceive crime reporting as a moral duty. Implications for process-based theories of control, police practice and procedure, and future research are discussed.
Download or read book Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-06 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although violent crime in the United States has declined over the past five years, certain groups appear to remain at disproportionately high risk for violent victimization. In the United States, people with developmental disabilities-such as mental retardation, autism, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, and severe learning disabilities may be included in this group. While the scientific evidence is scanty, a handful of studies from the United States, Canada, Australia, and Great Britain consistently find high rates of violence and abuse affecting people with these kinds of disabilities. A number of social and demographic trends are converging that may worsen the situation considerably over the next several years. The prevalence of developmental disabilities has increased in low-income populations, due to a number of factors, such as poor prenatal nutrition, lack of access to health care or better perinatal care for some fragile babies, and increases in child abuse and substance abuse during pregnancy. For example, a recent report of the California State Council on Developmental Disabilities found that during the past decade, while the state population increased by 20 percent, the number of persons with developmental disabilities in California increased by 52 percent and the population segment with mild mental retardation doubled. Because of a growing concern among parents and advocates regarding possible high rates of crime victimization among persons with developmental disabilities, Congress, through the Crime Victims with Disabilities Awareness Act of 1998, requested that the National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences conduct a study to increase knowledge and information about crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities that will be useful in developing new strategies to reduce the incidence of crimes against those individuals. Crime Victims with Developmental Disabilities summarizes the workshop and addresses the following issues: (1) the nature and extent of crimes against individuals with developmental disabilities; (2) the risk factors associated with victimization of individuals with developmental disabilities; (3) the manner in which the justice system responds to crimes against individuals with disabilities; and (4) the means by which states may establish and maintain a centralized computer database on the incidence of crimes against individuals with disabilities within a state.
Download or read book Improving Witness Cooperation written by Frank J. Cannavale and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Criminal Investigation written by Michael Birzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-31 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The manner in which criminal investigators are trained is neither uniform nor consistent, ranging from sophisticated training protocols in some departments to on-the-job experience alongside senior investigators in others. Ideal for students taking a first course in the subject as well as professionals in need of a refresher, Introduction to Criminal Investigation uses an accessible format to convey concepts in practical, concrete terms. Topics discussed include: The history of criminal investigation in Western society Qualifications for becoming an investigator, the selection process, and ideal training requirements Crime scene search techniques, including planning and post-search debriefing Preparing effective field notes and investigative reports Interviewing and interrogating Types of evidence found at the crime scene and how to collect, package, and preserve it The contributions of forensic science to criminal investigations and the equipment used in crime labs Investigative protocol for a range of crimes, including property crimes, auto theft, arson, financial crimes, homicide, assault, sex crimes, and robbery Specialized investigations, including drug trafficking, cybercrime, and gang-related crime Legal issues involved in criminal investigations and preparing a case for trial Bringing together contributions from law enforcement personnel, academics, and attorneys, the book combines practical and theoretical elements to provide a comprehensive examination of today‘s criminal investigative process. The accessible manner in which the information is conveyed makes this an ideal text for a wide-ranging audience.
Download or read book Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance written by U.s. Department of Justice and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2012-06-06 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Attorney General of the United States and the U.S. Department of Justice Office for Victims of Crime strive to pursue justice for criminal acts and that pursuit includes justice for the victims of and witnesses to crime. The 2011 Edition of the Attorney General Guidelines for Victim and Witness Assistance reflects current statutory provisions, recognizes the technological and legal changes that have taken place since the previous Guidelines were promulgated, and incorporates best practices that will benefit victims and enhance investigations and prosecutions.
Download or read book Expert Witnesses written by Patrick R. Anderson and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the first time a book documents the judicial system's new dependence on social science testimony, especially that rendered by sociologists and criminologists. In Expert Witnesses contributors show that unlike traditional forensics testimony, the intrusion of social science data into judicial decision-making has relatively recent origins. It details the uses and abuses of social science experts, and the ethical and pragmatic concerns raised by their testimony. This timely collection will appeal to a diverse audience, including attorneys, judges, and students of judicial proceedings. Included in this volume are historical examinations of the expert witnessing phenomenon, the legal, social, and ethical debates regarding the appropriate role of such witnesses, and anecdotal descriptions by eminent social science experts. The authors address such pragmatic issues as an attorney's perspective on finding the most appropriate expert or formulating the "best" questions to ask in court, and an expert's perspective on getting aid or terminating a nonworking attorney-expert relationship.
Download or read book Toolkit to Combat Trafficking in Persons written by United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the light of the urgent need for cooperative and collaborative action against trafficking, this publication presents examples of promising practice from around the world relating to trafficking interventions. It is hoped that the guidance offered, the practices showcased and the resources recommended in this Toolkit will inspire and assist policymakers, law enforcers, judges, prosecutors, victim service providers and members of civil society in playing their role in the global effort against trafficking in persons. The present edition is an updated and expanded version of the Toolkit published in 2006.
Download or read book Victim Participation in International Criminal Justice written by Kinga Tibori-Szabó and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-08 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a guide to the law and practice of victims’ roles before the International Criminal Court, the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. The various chapters focus on the provisions relevant to victim participation at these courts and the case law interpreting and applying those provisions. The book thus informs the reader on the principal ways in which the relevant practice is developing, the distinct avenues taken in the application of similar provisions as well as the ensuing advantages and challenges. Unlike other volumes focusing on relevant academic literature, this volume is written mainly by practitioners and is addressed to those lawyers, legal advisers and victimologists who work or wish to work in the field of victim participation in international criminal justice. Kinga Tibori-Szabó is legal officer for the Kosovo Specialist Chambers in The Hague and has previously worked for the Legal Representative of Victims at the Special Tribunal for Lebanon. Megan Hirst is a barrister at Doughty Street Chambers in London and has worked on victims' participation issues in the Registries of the International Criminal Court and the Special Tribunal for Lebanon, as well as in an LRV team in Prosecutor v. Dominic Ongwen.
Download or read book Improving Witness Cooperation written by Frank J. Cannavale and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Identifying the Culprit written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-01-16 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Identifying the Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification makes the case that better data collection and research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement training protocols, standardized procedures for administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling of eyewitness identification in court can increase the chances that accurate identifications are made. This report explains the science that has emerged during the past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law enforcement community and in the presentation of eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the report recommends a focused research agenda.
Download or read book Victim and Witness Assistance written by Paul L. Woodard and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ABA Standards for Criminal Justice written by American Bar Association and published by . This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Project of the American Bar Association, Criminal Justice Standards Committee, Criminal Justice Section"--T.p. verso.
Download or read book United States Attorneys Manual written by United States. Department of Justice and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Third Parties written by Leslie Sebba and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Recent years have seen a heightened awareness of the plight of victims of crime and of their neglect by the traditional criminal justice system with its bureaucratic and institutional processes. This concern for the victim has been shared by diverse groups, including humanists, conservative "law and order" politicians, feminists, and grassroots community advocates. This combination of forces has stimulated a mass of legislative reform at both the federal and state levels. Many jurisdictions have adopted a "Bill of Rights" for the victim; public funds have been established to compensate victims; courts have been enjoined to order offenders to make restitution; welfare agencies have developed programs to provide victims with assistance; and courts are inviting victims to testify at the sentencing hearings of their offenders." "These reforms and proposals have been accompanied by a growing body of literature that discusses the needs of victims and analyzes the merits and drawbacks of particular reforms, some of which have been evaluated empirically. What has been lacking until now is an integrated overview that looks at their philosophical underpinnings and considers how these different and sometimes conflicting proposals are conceptually related to one another and to other prevailing criminal justice doctrines and ideologies. Leslie Sebba fills this gap in Third Parties."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book Victim witness Handbook written by United States. Attorney (Wisconsin : Eastern District) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Victims Before the International Criminal Court written by Christoph Safferling and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book analyses the difficulties the International Criminal Court faces with the definition of those persons who are eligible for participating in the proceedings. Establishing justice for victims is one of the most important aims of the court. It therefore created a unique system of victim participation. Since its first trial the court struggles to live up to the expectancies its statute has generated. The book offers a new approach of how to define victimhood by looking at the different international crimes. It seeks to offer guidance for the right to participate in the different stages of the proceedings by looking at the practice in national jurisdictions. Lastly the book offers insights into the functioning of the reparation regime at the ICC by virtue of the Trust Fund for Victim and its different mandates. The critical analysis of the ICC-practice with regard to definition, participation and reparation aims at promoting a realistic approach, which will avoid the disappointing of expectations and thus help to enhance the acceptance of the ICC.
Download or read book Roles Rights and Responsibilities written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
