Download or read book Wideband Photonic Crystals written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarizes two technical approaches aimed at developing three dimensional photonic crystals having wider stop bands than conventional crystals. The first approach is a composite photonic crystal made by stacking monoperiodic sections of a (111) oriented fcc crystal. Because of its similarity to heteroepitaxial structures made from semiconductors having different band gaps, we call it a photonic crystal heterostructure. By making a discrete change in the lattice constant between adjacent monoperiodic sections, the net stop band width can be increased well beyond that of a given section. In a stack of three different sections each having one fcc repeat unit, a stop band was measured between approximately 17 and 26 0Hz which gradually increased in depth with frequency. The second approach is a metallodielectric photonic crystal fabricated by placing metal spheres at each lattice site of a dielectric face centered cubic structure. The resulting sample displays an electromagnetic stop band spanning approximately one octave. The lower frequency edge of the stop band is consistent with the Mie condition for the metallic spheres, and the center frequency of the stop band depends on the periodicity of the lattice and the support dielectric material. For example, a sample having a cubic lattice constant of 1.65 cm, 3/3-inch-diameter chrome spheres at each atomic core, and Teflon support dielectric displayed a lower band edge of approximately 5.2 GHz, an upper band edge of about 12.8 GHz, and a maximum rejection at the center of the band of roughly 20 dB.
Download or read book Advances in Photonic Crystals written by Vittorio Passaro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects chapters on different theoretical and experimental aspects of photonics crystals for Nanophotonics applications. It is divided in two parts - a theoretical section and an experimental and applicative section. The first part includes chapters developing several numerical methods for analysis and design of photonic crystal devices, such as 2D ring resonators for filters, single and coupled nanobeam cavities, birefringence in photonic crystal cavities, threshold analysis in photonic crystal lasers, gap solitons in photonic crystals, novel photonic atolls, dynamic characteristics of photonic crystal filters. The second part focuses on some aspects of photonic crystals fabrication and relevant applications, such as nitrogen defect technology in diamond, silicon nitride free standing membranes, photonic crystals structures in silicon, photonic crystals for optical sensing.
Download or read book Ultra Low loss and Wideband Photonic Crystal Waveguides for Dense Photonic Integrated Systems written by Aliakbar Jafarpour and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis reports on a new design of photonic crystal waveguides (PCWs) to achieve large guiding bandwidth, linear dispersion, single-mode behavior, good coupling efficiency to dielectric waveguides, and small loss. The design is based on using the linear dispersion region of one PCW in the photonic bandgap (PBG) of another PCW. While perturbing the period can result in a PCW with linear dispersion and large guiding bandwidth, it introduces an odd mode at those frequencies, as well. By using another perturbation scheme, it is shown that single-mode behavior can also be achieved. The linear dispersion of these waveguides and their operation at lower frequencies of the PBG, where the density of states of radiation modes is smaller, gives rise to very small loss coefficients as verified experimentally. Full characterization of a waveguide requires the measurement of not only the transmission coefficient, but also the dispersion and spectral phase. We have developed a real-time characterization technique based on spectral interferometry with femtosecond laser pulses at optical communication wavelengths to measure the spectral phase of waveguides. This characterization technique can be used to study fast dynamics in timevarying structures and makes the alignment easy.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Kuon Inoue and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photonic crystals are a very hot topic in photonics. The basics, fabrication, application and new theoretical developments in the field of photonic crystals are presented in a comprehensive way, together with a survey of the advanced state-of-the-art report.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Igor A. Sukhoivanov and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The great interest in photonic crystals and their applications in the last 15 years is being expressed in the publishing of a large number of monographs, collections, textbooks and tutorials, where existing knowledge concerning - eration principles of photonic crystal devices and microstructured ?bers, their mathematicaldescription,well-knownandnovelapplicationsofsuchtechno- gies in photonics and optical communications are presented. They challenges authors of new books to cover the gaps still existing in the literature and highlight and popularize of already known material in a new and original manner. Authorsofthisbookbelievethatthenextsteptowardswideapplicationof photoniccrystalsisthesolutionofmanypracticalproblemsofdesignandc- putation of the speci?c photonic crystal-based devices aimed at the speci?c technicalapplication.Inordertomakethisstep,itisnecessarytoincreasethe number of practitioners who can solve such problems independently. The aim of this book is to extend the group of researchers, developers and students, who could practically use the knowledge on the physics of photonic crystals together with the knowledge and skills of independent calculation of basic characteristics of photonic crystals and modeling of various elements of - tegrated circuits and optical communication systems created on the basis of photonic crystals. The book is intended for quali?ed readers, specialists in the ?eld of optics and photonics, students of higher courses, master degree students and PhD students. As an introduction to the snopest, the book contains the basics of wave optics and radiation propagation in simple guiding media such as planar waveguides and step-index ?bers.
Download or read book Advances in Photonic Crystals and Devices written by Narendra Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the field of photonic crystal research and has emerged as an interdisciplinary area. Photonic crystals are usually nanostructured electromagnetic media consisting of periodic variation of dielectric constant, which prohibit certain electromagnetic wave frequency ranges called photonic bandgaps to propagate through them. Photonic crystals elicited numerous interesting features by unprecedented control of light and their exploitation is a promising tool in nanophotonics and designing optical components. The book ‘Advances in Photonic Crystals and Devices’ is designed with 15 chapters with introductory as well as research and application based contents. It covers the following highlighted features: Basics of photonic crystals and photonic crystal fibers Different theoretical as well as experimental approaches Current research advances from around the globe Nonlinear optics and super-continuum generation in photonic crystal fibers Magnetized cold plasma photonic crystals Liquid crystal defect embedded with graphene layers Biophysics and biomedical applications as optical sensors Two-dimensional photonic crystal demultiplexer Optical logic gates using photonic crystals A large number of references The goal of this book is to draw the background in understanding, fabrication and characterization of photonic crystals using a variety of materials and their applications in design of several optical devices. Though the book is useful as a reference for the researchers working in the area of photonics, optical computing and fabrication of nanophotonic devices, it is intended for the beginners like students pursuing their masters’ degree in photonics.
Download or read book One Dimensional Microwave Photonic Crystals written by D.A. Usanov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores theoretical and experimental studies of the properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals. The authors also consider the possibilities of controlling the characteristics of microwave photonic crystals with the help of electric and magnetic fields and provide examples of new fields of application of microwave photonic crystals. They review measurements of the parameters of layered structures containing nanometer-sized semiconductor and metal layers and explore microwave-compatible loads. Written for specialists and scientists working in the fields of radiophysics, microwave solid-state electronics, and microwave photonics. Key selling features: Presents studies of theoretical and experimental properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals Analyzes microwave photonic crystals based on flat transmission lines. Explores the use of electric and magnetic fields to control crystal characteristics. Reviews applications of photonic crystals in semiconductors. Examines one-dimensional microwave photonic crystals based on rectangular wave guides.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Jean-Michel Lourtioz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-19 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the theoretical background required for modelling photonic crystals and their optical properties, while presenting the large variety of devices where photonic crystals have found application. As such, it aims at building bridges between optics, electromagnetism and solid state physics. This second edition includes the most recent developments of two-dimensional photonic crystal devices, as well as some of the last results reported on metamaterials.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Alessandro Massaro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-03-30 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second volume of the book concerns the characterization approach of photonic crystals, photonic crystal lasers, photonic crystal waveguides and plasmonics including the introduction of innovative systems and materials. Photonic crystal materials promises to enable all-optical computer circuits and could also be used to make ultra low-power light sources. Researchers have studied lasers from microscopic cavities in photonic crystals that act as reflectors to intensify the collisions between photons and atoms that lead to lazing, but these lasers have been optically-pumped, meaning they are driven by other lasers. Moreover, the physical principles behind the phenomenon of slow light in photonic crystal waveguides, as well as their practical limitations, are discussed. This includes the nature of slow light propagation, its bandwidth limitation, coupling of modes and particular kind terminating photonic crystals with metal surfaces allowing to propagate in surface plasmon-polariton waves. The goal of the second volume is to provide an overview about the listed issues.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by John D. Joannopoulos and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-02 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For errata updates and other information, visit the authors' site at: http://ab-initio.mit.edu/book/
Download or read book Photonic Crystal Fibers written by F. Poli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to provide expert guidance through the properties of photonic crystal fibers, with a specific focus on the telecommunication aspects. This is the first book to report a complete overview of photonic crystal fiber analysis and design for telecom applications. The authors believe that photonic crystal fibers can revolutionize the field of guided optics and its applications.
Download or read book Photonic Crystal Fibers and Optical True Time Delay Engines for Wideband Arrays written by Niru Kamrun Nahar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This dissertation addresses two important research topics related to wideband beam-steering arrays with optical true time delay (TTD). The first topic presents the feasibility of using large-mode-area (LMA) photonic crystal fibers (PCF) as delay elements in White cell (WC) TTD to produce long-delays (0.2-20ns). The measured coupling loss from free-space into LMA-PCF is -2.15dB. However, it is shown in simulation that the loss decreases to -0.5dB by using additional field lenses. The measured and simulated data also show that LMA-PCF is not that sensitive to misalignments. Therefore, LMA-PCF is the most efficient delay element for a WC-TTD engine in terms of loss and volume minimization. The second topic is the demonstration of beam-steering in a wideband array with WC produced delays. A Quadratic WC was designed and simulated to produce four simultaneous delays (with Dt=25ps) for a four-sub-array system (for frequencies 2-18GHz) where each sub-array consists of two Vivaldi antennas. Simulation results show that aberrations in the long-delays generated with a lens-train suffer from a 3.2dB higher loss than that produced in free-space. Therefore, a Quartic cell is proposed with commercially available optics which does not use any glass blocks (for short-delays) or lens-trains (for long-delays) as delay elements. A proof-of-concept MEMS-based Quadratic cell was designed and aligned with optics available at ESL for Dt=500ps. The measured aberrated beams incident on the MEMS were 37.5um, which is larger than the expected beamsize of 25um. This caused a -10.6dB cross-talk between the null and the short-delay arms. A parametric study conducted of an ideal four-sub-array system formed by isotropic radiators showed that it can scan "50° with Dt=25ps and 4° error in the beam-direction. Next, a four-sub-arrayed Vivaldi-array was built, the measured scattering matrix of it shows severe mutual coupling at low frequencies (2-5GHz). However, the array performs as expected in the range of 6-11GHz. The effect of lens-train optical loss is not negligible ( -11dB) for the beam-steering. Although the delays are independent of frequency, the mutual coupling is not. Therefore, truly frequency-independent beam steering arrays will require algorithms for the delays to compensate for the frequency-dependent mutual coupling.
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by Pankaj Kumar Choudhury and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of dielectric mirrors is very important in optics. These are used for several purposes like imaging, fabricating laser cavities, and so on. The basis for the propagation of photons in dielectric mediums is the same as electrons in solid crystals. If the electrons can be diffracted by a periodic potential well, photons could also be equally well diffracted by a periodic modulation of the refractive index of the medium. This idea led to the development of many new artificial photonic materials and optical micro- and nanostructures. Since the mechanism of light guidance is essentially due to the microstructural features of the medium, a wide variety of photonic structures, e.g., photonic band-gap fibers in 1D and photonic band-gap crystals in 2D and 3D, can be realized. Photonic Crystals - A Glimpse of the Current Research Trends essentially highlights the recent developments in the arena of photonic crystal research. It is expected to be useful for expert as well as novice researchers; the former group of readers would be abreast of recent research advancements, whereas the latter group would benefit from grasping knowledge delivered by expert scientists.
Download or read book Theoretical Foundations and Application of Photonic Crystals written by Alexander Vakhrushev and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-04-04 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the description of research and design of photonic crystals. Topics included in the book cover a wide range of research in the field of theoretical analysis and experimental investigation: the electromagnetic field in the photonic crystal, propagation of waves in the gyrotropic magnetophotonic crystals, low one-photon absorption, ultratransparent photonic crystals, colloidal assembly, photonic crystal application for development of all-optical computational system, design strategies for PC devices, self-organization of liquid crystalline nanostructures, and optical diodes. This book will be useful for engineers, technologists, researchers, and postgraduate students interested in the research, design, fabrication processes, and applications of photonic crystals.
Download or read book Ultra Wideband Short Pulse Electromagnetics 2 written by L. Carin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers published in this volume were presented at the Second International Conference on Ultra-WidebandiShort-Pulse (UWB/SP) Electromagnetics, ApriIS-7, 1994. To place this second international conference in proper perspective with respect to the first conference held during October 8-10, 1992, at Polytechnic University, some background information is necessary. As we had hoped, the first conference struck a responsive cord, both in timeliness and relevance, among the electromagnetic community 1. Participants at the first conference already inquired whether and when a follow-up meeting was under consideration. The first concrete proposal in this direction was made a few months after the first conference by Prof. A. Terzuoli of the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), Dayton, Ohio, who has been a strong advocate of time-domain methods and technologies. He initially proposed a follow-up time-domain workshop under AFIT auspices. Realizing that interest in this subject is lodged also at other Air Force installations, we suggested to enlarge the scope, and received in this endeavor the support of Dr. A. Nachman of AFOSR (Air Force Office of Scientific Research), Bolling Air Force Base, Washington, D.C.
Download or read book Advances in Photonic Crystals and Devices written by Narendra Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, there has been a phenomenal growth in the field of photonic crystal research and has emerged as an interdisciplinary area. Photonic crystals are usually nanostructured electromagnetic media consisting of periodic variation of dielectric constant, which prohibit certain electromagnetic wave frequency ranges called photonic bandgaps to propagate through them. Photonic crystals elicited numerous interesting features by unprecedented control of light and their exploitation is a promising tool in nanophotonics and designing optical components. The book ‘Advances in Photonic Crystals and Devices’ is designed with 15 chapters with introductory as well as research and application based contents. It covers the following highlighted features: Basics of photonic crystals and photonic crystal fibers Different theoretical as well as experimental approaches Current research advances from around the globe Nonlinear optics and super-continuum generation in photonic crystal fibers Magnetized cold plasma photonic crystals Liquid crystal defect embedded with graphene layers Biophysics and biomedical applications as optical sensors Two-dimensional photonic crystal demultiplexer Optical logic gates using photonic crystals A large number of references The goal of this book is to draw the background in understanding, fabrication and characterization of photonic crystals using a variety of materials and their applications in design of several optical devices. Though the book is useful as a reference for the researchers working in the area of photonics, optical computing and fabrication of nanophotonic devices, it is intended for the beginners like students pursuing their masters’ degree in photonics.
Download or read book Photonic Crystal Flat Panel Radiators for Wideband High Power Antennas written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two areas that we focused on in this period were (1) the integration of a microstrip patch antenna with a two-dimensional photonic crystal substrate, and (2) the time and frequency domain detection of superluminal group velocity in one-dimensional photonic crystals. For the two-dimensional photonic crystal substrate work, we studied the effects of a finite sized ground plane on the resonance frequency of a microstrip patch antenna. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) code was used for these studies, and the calculations were found to be in good agreement with the experimental characterizations. The effect of a defect state under the antenna location was also studied and found to improve the performance. For the one-dimensional photonic crystal characterization studies, a transfer matrix technique was used to obtain analytical closed form expressions for both the transmission and reflection coefficients of a plane wave incident onto it. We were able to experimentally measure superluminal group velocities for propagation through the stop bard of a one dimensional photonic crystal. This result is not inconsistent with special relativity or causality since the frontal (forerunner) velocity of the signal never exceeds the speed of light in vacuum. These results are important for a fundamental understanding of electromagnetic wave propagation through short interaction regions with anomalous dispersion.
