Download or read book Whitebark Pine Seed Scarifier written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes a prototype whitebark pine seed scarifier developed by the Missoula Technology and Development Center that allows workers to nick (scarify) seeds three times as fast as if they were doing so by hand, with reduced risk of injury. Populations of whitebark pine have declined over the past century because of white pine blister rust, insect infestations, and fire suppression. Whitebark pine seeds are a favored food of the grizzly bear, a threatened species protected by the Endangered Species Act in the 48 contiguous States. Whitebark pine trees, which may be the only trees growing in some sub-alpine and alpine areas of the northern Rocky Mountains, also catch snow during the winter. The drifts melt more slowly than thinner snowpack in bare areas, extending runoff. The scarifier should help reduce the costs of growing whitebark pine seedlings, possibly allowing more whitebark pines to be planted. Seeds collected from white-bark pine trees resistant to blister rust are germinated in nurseries. The germination rate increases from about 5 percent to 60 percent or more if each seed has a 1-mm-deep nick. Workers can nick about 400 seeds an hour by hand, compared to 1,500 seeds an hour when using the prototype scarifier. The scarifier costs about $1,000 to fabricate. Fabrication drawings will be available from the Missoula Technology and Development Center.
Download or read book Improved Whitebark Pine Seed Scarifier written by Andy Trent and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of the Literature on Seed Fate in Whitebark Pine and the Life History Traits of Clark s Nutcracker and Pine Squirrels written by Teresa J. Lorenz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine is a critical component of subalpine ecosystems in western North America, where it contributes to biodiversity and ecosystem function and in some communities is considered a keystone species. Whitebark pine is undergoing rangewide population declines attributed to the combined effects of mountain pine beetle, white pine blister rust, and fire suppression. The restoration and maintenance of whitebark pine populations require an understanding of all aspects of seed fate. In this paper, we review the literature on seed dispersal in whitebark pine. Clark's nutcracker, pine squirrels, and scatter-hoarding rodents are all known to influence whitebark pine seed fate and ultimately affect the ability of whitebark pine populations to regenerate. We also provide a general overview of the natural histories of the most influential species involved with whitebark pine seed fate: Clark's nutcracker and the pine squirrel.
Download or read book Effective Methods of Regenerating Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis Through Direct Seeding written by Clay Robert DeMastus and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapidly diminishing populations of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) have sparked efforts to restore this ecologically important species and the communities they support. Current restoration efforts have proven to be costly, time consuming, and labor intensive. Implementation of direct seeding as a restoration method, if found effective, would likely decrease the amount of time, money, and labor expended on these efforts. This study looks at the effectiveness of direct seeding through a series of tests performed at six sites throughout the northern Rocky Mountains. The tests consist of a complete randomized block design with five blocks of eight treatments at each site. Treatments include seed treatments of warm stratification, scarification, and both warm stratification and scarification combined. Caging treatments are also implemented into each block. Testing the effectiveness of seed caching and long term survival rates of outplanted nursery grown seedling versus directly sown seeds was also carried out by planting caches next to nursery seedlings throughout each site. A logistic regression analysis consistently estimated seeds undergoing the warm stratification treatment to have the highest combined germination and survivalrates. Caging was found to be effective at increasing germination under certain circumstances as well as increasing survival possibly due to the shading properties the cages provided. Seed caching did not appear to have an effect on survival of directly sown seeds. Caching also did not appear to have an effect on germination with the exception of one site. Initial results of long term survival rates of outplanted nursery grown seedlings compared to germination and survival rates of directly sown seeds showed higher rates for the nursery grown seedlings. Additional monitoring will be needed to determine long-term survival differences. From the results of this study, it is felt that the implementation of direct seeding of warm stratified seed as a restoration method will be successful and cost effective. Caging, although found effective in this study, is felt to posses more disadvantages than advantages. Its advantages in the aspect of survival could be replaced with other microsite planting techniques. Seed caching, at this time, is not recommended as more research is needed.
Download or read book A Review of the Literature on Seed Fate in Whitebark Pine and the Life History Traits of Clark s Nutcracker and Pine Squirrels written by Teresa J. Lorenz and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine is a critical component of subalpine ecosystems in western North America, where it contributes to biodiversity and ecosystem function and in some communities is considered a keystone species. Whitebark pine is undergoing rangewide population declines attributed to the combined effects of mountain pine beetle, white pine blister rust, and fire suppression. The restoration and maintenance of whitebark pine populations require an understanding of all aspects of seed fate. In this paper, we review the literature on seed dispersal in whitebark pine. Clark's nutcracker, pine squirrels, and scatter-hoarding rodents are all known to influence whitebark pine seed fate and ultimately affect the ability of whitebark pine populations to regenerate. We also provide a general overview of the natural histories of the most influential species involved with whitebark pine seed fate: Clark's nutcracker and the pine squirrel.
Download or read book National Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compilation of 24 papers that were presented at the regional meetings of the forest and conservation nursery associations in the United States in 2005. The Western Forest and Conservation Nursery Association meeting was held at the Yarrow Resort Hotel and Conference Center in Park City, UT, on July 18 to 20. The meeting was hosted by the Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Land , Lone Peak Nursery. Morning technical sessions were followed by field trips to restoration projects on the middle reach of the Provo River, McAffee Hill, and Dry Canyon, as well as tours of the Swaner Nature Preserve outside Park City, UT. Subject matter for the technical sessions included restoration outplanting, native species propagation, bareroot and container nursery culturing, greenhouse management, and gene conservation.
Download or read book The Effects of Seed Source Health on Whitebark Pine Pinus Albicaulis Regeneration Density After Wildfire written by Signe B. Leirfallom and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelm.) populations are declining nearly rangewide from a combination of factors, including mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, 1902) outbreaks, the exotic pathogen Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fisch. 1872, which causes the disease white pine blister rust, and successional replacement due to historical fire exclusion practices. With high mortality in cone-bearing whitebark pine, seed production may not be sufficient to support natural regeneration after disturbance such as wildfire. Our objective was to examine the relationship between whitebark pine seed source health and whitebark pine regeneration density in adjacent burns. We sampled regeneration and seed source health in 15 burns within six national forests and three Wilderness Areas in Montana, ranging from 5 to 23 years old. We found a significant, positive relationship between seed source health and seedling density in adjacent burns. Natural regeneration was sparse when the proportion of damaged or dead whitebark pine in the seed source exceeded 50%. Factors that influenced the presence of whitebark pine regeneration within a burn included both vegetation cover and potential solar radiation. Sites closer to seed sources had higher probabilities of seedling occurrence, but seedlings were present throughout most burns. Our results suggest that managers can prioritize restoration plantings of whitebark pine seedlings after wildfire based on the health status of the nearest seed sources.
Download or read book A Review of the Literature on Seed Fate in Whitebark Pine and the Life History Traits of Clark s Nutcracker and Pine Squirrels written by United States Department of Agriculture and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-06-26 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whitebark pine is a critical component of subalpine ecosystems in western North America, where it contributes to biodiversity and ecosystem function and in some communities is considered a keystone species. Whitebark pine is undergoing rangewide population declines attributed to the combined effects of mountain pine beetle, white pine blister rust, and fire suppression. The restoration and maintenance of whitebark pine populations require an understanding of all aspects of seed fate. In this paper, we review the literature on seed dispersal in whitebark pine. Clark's nutcracker, pine squirrels, and scatter-hoarding rodents are all known to influence whitebark pine seed fate and ultimately affect the ability of whitebark pine populations to regenerate. We also provide a general overview of the natural histories of the most influential species involved with whitebark pine seed fate: Clark's nutcracker and the pine squirrel.
Download or read book The Influence of Cache Site and Rodent Pilferage on Whitebark Pine Seed Germination in the Northern and Central Rocky Mountains written by Elizabeth R. Pansing and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book National Proceedings Forest and Conservation Nursery Associations written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1998 contains proceedings for: Southern Forest Nursery Association Conference; Northeastern Forest Nursery Association Conference; and the combined Forest Nursery Association of British Columbia/Western Forest and Conservation Nursery Association meeting.
Download or read book Proceedings RMRS written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Science and stewardship to protect and sustain wilderness values written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Missoula Reforestation Nurseries written by Technology & Development Center (Missoula, Mont.) and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cone and Seed Insects and Their Impact on Whitebark Pine written by Sandy Kegley and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several sites in the geographical range of whitebark pines were examined to determine the effects of seed and cone insects on reproduction.
Download or read book Collecting and Germinating Whitebark Pine Seeds for Restoration Purposes in the Canadian Rocky Mountains written by Adrian Leslie and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dispersal of Whitebark Pine Seeds by Clark s Nutcrackers a Mutualism Hypothesis written by D. F. Tomback and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post fire Regeneration of Whitebark Pine written by Diana F. Tomback and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
