Download or read book What Role Does Racial Integration Play in the Economic Performance of the United States An Empirical Investigation Using Panel Data Analysis written by Said Boakye and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been found empirically that social fractionalization limits economic growth and development. What has not been studied is the extent to which social integrative processes may ease these limitations and thus positively contribute to economic growth and development. Using a panel of the 48 contiguous U.S. states as a case study, this paper examines the role racial integration as measured by the percentage of interracial marriages plays in the determination of income per capita. I find that racial integration as measured by the percentage of interracial marriages is a significant predictor of income per capita across these states. To account for the problem of reverse causality and thus endogeneity, the number of decades the states have allowed interracial marriages by repealing antimiscegenation laws is used as instrument for interracial marriages for instrumental variable estimation. I also use the 1967 U.S. Supreme Court's decision, which overturned the antimiscegenation laws of the states that continued to have such laws as an exogenous event for difference-in-difference estimation.
Download or read book The Economics of Race in the United States written by Brendan O'Flaherty and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brendan O’Flaherty brings the tools of economic analysis—incentives, equilibrium, optimization, and more—to bear on contentious issues of race in the United States. In areas ranging from quality of health care and education, to employment opportunities and housing, to levels of wealth and crime, he shows how racial differences among blacks, whites, Hispanics, and Asian Americans remain a powerful determinant in the lives of twenty-first-century Americans. More capacious than standard texts, The Economics of Race in the United States discusses important aspects of history and culture and explores race as a social and biological construct to make a compelling argument for why race must play a major role in economic and public policy. People are not color-blind, and so policies cannot be color-blind either. Because his book addresses many topics, not just a single area such as labor or housing, surprising threads of connection emerge in the course of O’Flaherty’s analysis. For example, eliminating discrimination in the workplace will not equalize earnings as long as educational achievement varies by race—and educational achievement will vary by race as long as housing and marriage markets vary by race. No single engine of racial equality in one area of social and economic life is strong enough to pull the entire train by itself. Progress in one place is often constrained by diminishing marginal returns in another. Good policies can make a difference, and only careful analysis can figure out which policies those are.
Download or read book How Public Policy Impacts Racial Inequality written by Josh Grimm and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2019-05-08 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How Public Policy Impacts Racial Inequality, edited by Josh Grimm and Jaime Loke, brings together scholars of political science, sociology, and mass communication to provide an in-depth analysis of race in the United States through the lens of public policy. This vital collection outlines how issues such as profiling, wealth inequality, and housing segregation relate to race and policy decisions at both the local and national levels. Each chapter explores the inherent conflict between policy enactment, perception, and enforcement. Contributors examine topics ranging from the American justice system’s role in magnifying racial and ethnic disparities to the controversial immigration policies enacted by the Trump administration, along with pointed discussions of how the racial bias of public policy decisions historically impacts emerging concerns such as media access, health equity, and asset poverty. By presenting nuanced case studies of key topics, How Public Policy Impacts Racial Inequality offers a timely and wide-ranging collection on major social and political issues unfolding in twenty-first-century America.
Download or read book American Apartheid written by Douglas S. Massey and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This powerful and disturbing book clearly links persistent poverty among blacks in the United States to the unparalleled degree of deliberate segregation they experience in American cities. American Apartheid shows how the black ghetto was created by whites during the first half of the twentieth century in order to isolate growing urban black populations. It goes on to show that, despite the Fair Housing Act of 1968, segregation is perpetuated today through an interlocking set of individual actions, institutional practices, and governmental policies. In some urban areas the degree of black segregation is so intense and occurs in so many dimensions simultaneously that it amounts to "hypersegregation." The authors demonstrate that this systematic segregation of African Americans leads inexorably to the creation of underclass communities during periods of economic downturn. Under conditions of extreme segregation, any increase in the overall rate of black poverty yields a marked increase in the geographic concentration of indigence and the deterioration of social and economic conditions in black communities. As ghetto residents adapt to this increasingly harsh environment under a climate of racial isolation, they evolve attitudes, behaviors, and practices that further marginalize their neighborhoods and undermine their chances of success in mainstream American society. This book is a sober challenge to those who argue that race is of declining significance in the United States today.
Download or read book Racial Inequality written by Michael Reich and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an investigation of the effects of racism on the American economy, Michael Reich evaluates the leading economic theories of racial inequality and presents the new theory that discrimination against blacks increases inequality of income among whites. Originally published in 1981. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Black White Income Differentials written by Stanley H. Masters and published by New York : Academic Press. This book was released on 1975 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph on income differentials between whites and Blacks in urban areas in the USA, including statistical analysis - examines economic theories of discrimination, the effects of internal migration and racial segregation in housing on income differentials, differences in labour productivity by race, etc., presents policy recommendations concerning equal opportunity in employment and education, and concludes that labour market discrimination is most important in causing income differentials. References and statistical tables.
Download or read book Essays on Race Persistence Performance and Reclassification written by David Mario Newton Mahon and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing access and inclusion for underrepresented minorities in economics has been a focus for many in the discipline. Despite this, researchers have largely left two avenues of investigation that may provide insight into this issue unexplored: the role of community colleges and the role of reclassification of economics programs. I address the first potential avenue by using logistic models to determine whether race or race-related factors such as immigrant status or citizenship are related to performance or persistence in economics course-taking at a large community college in the southeastern United States. I find that race does not play a significant role in performance or persistence at this institution, but both citizenship and immigrant status do as immigrants and noncitizens outperform their nonimmigrants and citizen peers in certain circumstances. I investigate the second potential avenue related to the reclassification of economics programs to Econometrics and Quantitative Economics (EQE) using logistic and panel data models on data from IPEDS. I find that the proportion of international students is a key factor associated with whether an institution reclassified to EQE, and that reclassification has no association with racial diversity or economic education inclusion.
Download or read book Race Relations in America written by Nikki Khanna and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an essential resource for anyone who wants to understand race in America, drawing on research from a variety of fields to answer frequently asked questions regarding race relations, systemic racism, and racial inequality. This work is part of a series that uses evidence-based documentation to examine the veracity of claims and beliefs about high-profile issues in American culture and politics. This particular volume examines the true state of race relations and racial inequality in the United States, drawing on empirical research in the hard sciences and social sciences to answer frequently asked questions regarding race and inequality. The book refutes falsehoods, misunderstandings, and exaggerations surrounding these topics and confirms the validity of other assertions. Assembling this empirical research into one accessible place allows readers to better understand the scholarly evidence on such high-interest topics as white privilege, racial bias in criminal justice, media bias, housing segregation, educational inequality, disparities in employment, racial stereotypes, and personal attitudes about race and ethnicity in America. The authors draw from scholarly research in biology, genetics, medicine, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and economics (among many other fields) to answer these questions, and in doing so they provide readers with the information to enter any conversation about American race relations in the 21st century as informed citizens.
Download or read book Race Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status written by Charles Vert Willie and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1983 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an adequate conceptual apparatus for the explanation and interpretation of behavior associated with race, ethinicity, and socioeconomic status is the goal of this book. Empirical research findings and their theoretical analysis are linked. E. Franklin Frazier, recognized minorities as mirrors of their society. He hypothesized that study of their adaptations would provide a clearer understanding of the relation of human motivation to culture. Race, Ethnicity, and Socioeconomic Status confirms the Frazier hypothesis and extracts from studies of blacks and other racial and ethnic minority populations propositions applicable to majority as well as minority groups. Theses studies of intergroup relations were conducted during the past 25 years and provide a perspective on changing patterns of contact between cultural gropus in the United States. Adaptations associated with race, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status are analyzed from the perspective of sociology as a science of humanity. Historical trends as well as contemporary situations are considered; social, psychological, and geographical factors are researched as contextual variables in intergroup relations. By analyzing demographic data pertaining to mortality, disease, delinquency, and poverty, the varying contributions to the human condition of individual attributes, group customs, and institutional regulations are ascertained. Institutional and community studies illuminate the prides, fears, and prejudices of dominant and subdominant groups, particularly with reference to racial and ethnic relations in education. Also identified in these studies are the rights and responsibilities of such groups toward each other in social interaction.
Download or read book Race Markets and Social Outcomes written by Patrick L. Mason and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: THE JANUS-FACE OF RACE: REFLEC- TIONS ON ECONOMIC THEORY Patrick L. Mason and Rhonda Williams Many economists are willing to accept that race is a significant factor in US eco nomic and social affairs. Yet the professional literature displays a peculiar schizo phrenia when faced with the task of actually formulating what race means and how race works in our political economy. On the one hand, race matters when the dis cussion is focused on anti-social behavior, social choices, and undesired market outcomes. Inexplicably, African Americans are more likely to prefer welfare, lower labor force participation, and unemployment. On the other hand, race does not matter when the subject of discussion is economically productive or socially accept able activities and legal market choices (for example, wages and employment). This Janus-faced construction of race is maintained by economists' stubborn ad herence to the market power hypothesis. The market power hypothesis asserts that racial discrimination and market competition are inversely correlated. Discrimina tory behavior will persist only in those sectors of society where the competitive forces of the market are least operative. When applied to the labor market, the mar ket power hypothesis suggests that pre- and post-labor market decisions represent disjoint sets. On average, members of a disadvantaged social group may accumulate a lower amount of or a lower quality of productive attributes because of discrimina tion in marital, residential, or school choice, or because of substantial animosity in day-to-day interpersonal relations with members of a privileged group.
Download or read book Economics of Racism U S A written by Victor Perlo and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph presenting an economic analysis of racial discrimination in the USA - investigates some of the economic implications of discrimination, particularly with regard to unemployment and poor employment opportunities for Blacks, low income due to inequitable income distribution, etc. References and statistical tables.
Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Racial and Ethnic Differences in Health in Late Life written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-16 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In their later years, Americans of different racial and ethnic backgrounds are not in equally good-or equally poor-health. There is wide variation, but on average older Whites are healthier than older Blacks and tend to outlive them. But Whites tend to be in poorer health than Hispanics and Asian Americans. This volume documents the differentials and considers possible explanations. Selection processes play a role: selective migration, for instance, or selective survival to advanced ages. Health differentials originate early in life, possibly even before birth, and are affected by events and experiences throughout the life course. Differences in socioeconomic status, risk behavior, social relations, and health care all play a role. Separate chapters consider the contribution of such factors and the biopsychosocial mechanisms that link them to health. This volume provides the empirical evidence for the research agenda provided in the separate report of the Panel on Race, Ethnicity, and Health in Later Life.
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book Resources for Social Change Race in the United States written by James S. Coleman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1971 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Challenges to Equality written by Jean M Hartman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artioles and symposia on major controversial social issues: integration and civil rights; President Clinton's recent race initiative; poverty; education; the environment; democratic participation; disability rights; corporate welfare; and others. The range of contributors is wide, and includes Julian Bond, Herbert Gans, James Loewen, Jonathan Kozol, Manning Marable, Howard Zinn, Benjamin DeMott, Frances Fox Piven, and Marian Wright Edelman.
Download or read book The Social Psychology of Inequality written by Jolanda Jetten and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-31 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic inequality has been of considerable interest to academics, citizens, and politicians worldwide for the past decade–and while economic inequality has attracted a considerable amount of research attention, it is only more recently that researchers have considered that economic inequality may have broader societal implications. However, while there is an increasingly clear picture of the varied ways in which economic inequality harms the fabric of society, there is a relatively poor understanding of the social psychological processes that are at work in unequal societies. This edited book aims to build on this emerging area of research by bringing together researchers who are at the forefront of this development and who can therefore provide timely insight to academics and practitioners who are grappling with the impact of economic inequality. This book will address questions relating to perceptions of inequality, mechanisms underlying effects of inequality, various consequences of inequality and the factors that contribute to the maintenance of inequality. The target audiences are students at advanced undergraduate or graduate level, as well as scholars and professionals in the field. The book fills a niche of both applied and practical relevance, strongly emphasizing theory and integration of different perspectives in social psychology. Given the broad interest in inequality within the social sciences, the book will be accessible to sociologists and political scientists as well as social, organizational, and developmental psychologists. The insights brought together in The Social Psychology of Inequality will contribute to a broader understanding of the far-reaching costs of inequality for the social health of a society and its citizens. "This edited volume brings together cutting-edge social psychological research addressing one of the most pressing issues of our times – economic inequality. Collectively, the chapters illuminate why inequality has negative effects on individuals and societies, when and for whom these negative effects are most likely to emerge, and the psychological mechanisms that maintain inequality. This comprehensive volume is an essential read for those interested in understanding and ameliorating inequality." -Brenda Major, Distinguished Professor, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California “This invaluable volume demonstrates the indispensable and powerful contribution that social psychologists can make to our understanding of societal inequality. For those outside of social psychology it provides a unique and comprehensive overview of what social psychology has to offer, and for social psychologists it is exemplary in demonstrating how to make a systematic contribution to the understanding of a hotly debated real-world issue. Scholars and students alike and from various disciplines will gain much from reading this fascinating and inspiring social psychological journey.” -Maykel Verkuyten, Professor in Interdisciplinary Social Science, University of Utrecht “The Social Psychology of Inequality offers a superb and timely social-psychological analysis of the causes and consequence of increasing wealth and income gaps. With its refreshingly international authorship, this volume offers profound insights into the cognitive and social mechanisms that help maintain, but potentially also to overcome, an economy that is rigged in favor of the wealthy. A new and stimulating voice, illustrating science in the service of a fairer and more democratic society.” -Anne Maass, Professor of Social Psychology, University of Padova “This volume assembles an impressive list of leading international scholars to address a timely and important issue, the causes and consequences of economic inequality. The approach to the topic is social psychological, but the editors and chapters make valuable connections to related literatures on socio-structural influences in allied disciplines, such as economics, political science, and sociology. The Social Psychology of Inequality offers cutting-edge insights into the psychological dynamics of inequality and novel synthesis of structural- and individual-level influences and outcomes of inequality. It should attract a wide audience and will set the agenda for research on economic inequality well into the future.” -John F. Dovidio, Carl Iver Hovland Professor of Psychology and Public Health, Yale University
Download or read book America Becoming written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-23 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 20th Century has been marked by enormous change in terms of how we define race. In large part, we have thrown out the antiquated notions of the 1800s, giving way to a more realistic, sociocultural view of the world. The United States is, perhaps more than any other industrialized country, distinguished by the size and diversity of its racial and ethnic minority populations. Current trends promise that these features will endure. Fifty years from now, there will most likely be no single majority group in the United States. How will we fare as a nation when race-based issues such as immigration, job opportunities, and affirmative action are already so contentious today? In America Becoming, leading scholars and commentators explore past and current trends among African Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans in the context of a white majority. This volume presents the most up-to-date findings and analysis on racial and social dynamics, with recommendations for ongoing research. It examines compelling issues in the field of race relations, including: Race and ethnicity in criminal justice. Demographic and social trends for Hispanics, Asian Americans, and Native Americans. Trends in minority-owned businesses. Wealth, welfare, and racial stratification. Residential segregation and the meaning of "neighborhood." Disparities in educational test scores among races and ethnicities. Health and development for minority children, adolescents, and adults. Race and ethnicity in the labor market, including the role of minorities in America's military. Immigration and the dynamics of race and ethnicity. The changing meaning of race. Changing racial attitudes. This collection of papers, compiled and edited by distinguished leaders in the behavioral and social sciences, represents the most current literature in the field. Volume 1 covers demographic trends, immigration, racial attitudes, and the geography of opportunity. Volume 2 deals with the criminal justice system, the labor market, welfare, and health trends. Both books will be of great interest to educators, scholars, researchers, students, social scientists, and policymakers.
