Download or read book What Drives the POLONIA Spread in Poland written by Yinqiu Lu and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-08-01 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the 2008 - 09 financial crisis, the Polish Overnight Index Average (POLONIA) has persistently been below the policy rate, suggesting a limited influence of the NBP’s open market operations on the short-term interbank rate. In this regard, this paper analyzes the behavior of the POLONIA spread and explore several potential factors that could influence the spread. An empirical analysis confirms that the negative POLONIA spread is related to a few factors, which include the existence of the structural liquidity in the banking system; bank’s unwillingness to lock up liquidity in the NBP bills; the frontloading of banks’ fulfillment of the reserve requirements; and external market sentiment. The analysis also shows the effectiveness of the NBP’s responses to the financial crisis and structural liquidity surplus.
Download or read book Republic of Poland written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-07-05 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues Paper focuses on the economic and financial ties between Poland and the euro area and analyzes the associated spillovers. It documents stylized facts about trade, vertical integration, foreign direct investment, and banking system linkages between Poland and core euro area countries. The impact of shocks originating from the euro area on economic developments in Poland is quantified using two methods, namely a vector auto-regression model and a small-open-economy quarterly projection model.
Download or read book IMF Research Bulletin December 2012 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2012-12-14 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Research Summaries in the December 2012 IMF Research Bulletin look at "Market Failures and Macroprudential Policy" (Giovanni Favara and Lev Ratnovski) and "Measurement Matters for House Price Indices" (Mick Silver). The Q&A column looks at "Seven Questions on Turning Points of the Global Business Cycle." The Bulletin also includes a listing of recent IMF Working Papers and Staff Discussion Notes, as well as a list of the top-viewed articles for the first three issues of IMF Economic Review in 2012. Information is also included on a call for papers for the conference "Asia: Challenges of Stability and Growth" to be held in Seoul in 2013.
Download or read book The Polish American Encyclopedia written by James S. Pula and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2010-12-22 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At least nine million Americans trace their roots to Poland, and Polish Americans have contributed greatly to American history and society. During the largest period of immigration to the United States, between 1870 and 1920, more Poles came to the United States than any other national group except Italians. Additional large-scale Polish migration occurred in the wake of World War II and during the period of Solidarity's rise to prominence. This encyclopedia features three types of entries: thematic essays, topical entries, and biographical profiles. The essays synthesize existing work to provide interpretations of, and insight into, important aspects of the Polish American experience. The topical entries discuss in detail specific places, events or organizations such as the Polish National Alliance, Polish American Saturday Schools, and the Latimer Massacre, among others. The biographical entries identify Polish Americans who have made significant contributions at the regional or national level either to the history and culture of the United States, or to the development of American Polonia.
Download or read book Contemporary Trends and Challenges in Finance written by Krzysztof Jajuga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-29 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains a selection of the contributions presented at the conference. The articles reflect the extent, diversity and richness of research areas in the field, both fundamental and applied finance. The target audience of these proceedings includes researchers at universities and research and policy institutions, graduate students and practitioners in economics, finance and international economics in private or government institutions.
Download or read book Contemporary Poland written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transnational Punk Communities in Poland written by Marta Marciniak and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Transnational History of Punk Communities in Poland is a multi-regional study of the history and contemporary condition of two Polish punk communities: the one in Warsaw and surrounding areas, and the Upper Silesian region: both rich in varied and sometimes conflicting punk traditions. The author, a self-identified member of the punk subculture formerly living and active in Warsaw, explores the various political, economic and social dimensions of the development of these unique communities and the meaning of the punk ethos for people across different age groups, genders, and life experiences, in relation to other subcultures, especially skinheads, and the broader society. An additional dimension, previously unexplored in scholarship, are the ties between these Polish punk communities and their counterparts in the United States and Canada. The personal connections between early bands and the long lasting transnational aspects of punk practices are shown to be an important factor in the shaping of punk attitudes across time and space. The economics of everyday punk life are discussed referring to contemporary scholarship on the subject, punk lyrics, and ethnographies which throughout the book illustrate selected themes and problems. This study includes insight about obscure yet foundational Silesian bands and their defiant, sardonic humor; about punk and anarchy, punk versus communism and the political opposition in the 1980s, punks’ attitudes toward the transformation of 1989, about being a punk girl on the streets of Warsaw or Wodzisław Śląski. Discover punk as an old subculture that cherishes its own past and remains an important alternative to mainstream cultural practices in a rapidly “Westernizing” and corporatizing country.
Download or read book The Crosses of Auschwitz written by Geneviève Zubrzycki and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the summer and fall of 1998, ultranationalist Polish Catholics erected hundreds of crosses outside Auschwitz, setting off a fierce debate that pitted Catholics and Jews against one another. While this controversy had ramifications that extended well beyond Poland’s borders, Geneviève Zubrzycki sees it as a particularly crucial moment in the development of post-Communist Poland’s statehood and its changing relationship to Catholicism. In The Crosses of Auschwitz, Zubrzycki skillfully demonstrates how this episode crystallized latent social conflicts regarding the significance of Catholicism in defining “Polishness” and the role of anti-Semitism in the construction of a new Polish identity. Since the fall of Communism, the binding that has held Polish identity and Catholicism together has begun to erode, creating unease among ultranationalists. Within their construction of Polish identity also exists pride in the Polish people’s long history of suffering. For the ultranationalists, then, the crosses at Auschwitz were not only symbols of their ethno-Catholic vision, but also an attempt to lay claim to what they perceived was a Jewish monopoly over martyrdom. This gripping account of the emotional and aesthetic aspects of the scene of the crosses at Auschwitz offers profound insights into what Polishness is today and what it may become.
Download or read book Poland and Its Curiosities written by Mieczysław Orłowicz and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Polish Studies Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scotland and Poland written by Tom M. Devine and published by Birlinn. This book was released on 2015-07-20 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays explores more than five centuries of Scottish-Polish interactions. It focuses on the two main moments of contact: the early modern experiences of Scottish pedlars, merchants, mercenaries and diplomats in the Polish-Lithuanian commonA--wealth and the Polish presence in Scotland during the twentieth and early twenty-first century. The latter period includes the Polish military presence in Scotland during World War II and the new Polish migration to Scotland after Poland's accession to the European Union in 2004. The book will be of interest to students and researchers who focus on the boom subject of early modern Scottish emigration to the European continent, and also to more general readers outside the scholarly community. It will be of value to the Polish community in Scotland and to anyone interested in the joint history of these two countries.
Download or read book Polish American Voices written by Anna D. Jaroszyńska-Kirchmann and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents 145 primary source documents of Polish immigrants from different waves and backgrounds speaking about their lives, concerns, and viewpoints in their own voices, while they grapple with issues of identity and strive to make sense of their lives in the context of migration. Poles have come to America since the Jamestown settlement in 1608 and constituted one of the largest immigrant groups at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. As of 2020, the Census Bureau lists them as the sixth largest ethnic group in the country. The history of their experience is an integral part of the American story as well as that of the broader Polish diaspora. Each of the ten comprehensive chapters presents a specific theme illuminated by a selection of letters, press articles, fragments of memoirs and autobiographical fiction, interviews, organizational papers, and other publications, as well as visual sources such as cartoons, posters, and photographs. Brief introductions to the documents and a "Further Reading" section offer historical context and point readers to additional resources. The book provides students and scholars with a broad understanding and an incentive for future study of the Polish experience in the United States.
Download or read book The History of Poland written by M. B. B. Biskupski and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an engaging explanation of the complicated history of Poland, one of the least well-known countries in Europe. Poland, which has one of the strongest economies in the European Union, has faced significant turmoil throughout the years. Encapsulating centuries of development, this book distills Poland's historical evolution into patterns, including those that have developed since the first edition was published nearly 20 years ago. The book begins with an overview of contemporary Poland, providing both basic information about the geography, culture, and current political climate of the country while tying these to major contemporary issues. This introduction is followed by chapters discussing Poland's long history, starting with the 10th century. The second half of the book presents a history of Poland in the 20th and 21st centuries, covering the major issues affecting the country and offering possible interpretations of them. This updated and revised edition accounts for recent events in Poland and examines the effects of the Polish diaspora globally.
Download or read book Poland the United States and the Stabilization of Europe 1919 1933 written by Neal Pease and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1986-11-27 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eyes of the world, no European country appeared more vulnerable to its enemies or less likely to establish peace with them than inter-war Poland. This is the first full-length study of relations between Poland and the U.S. following World War I, as Poland turned to America to buttress its precarious position. Pease lucidly examines how Polish leaders of the 1920s, discerning America's essential aim of fostering stability in Europe, sought to enlist U.S. political and financial support on behalf of their beleaguered state. Drawing on exhaustive archival research, Pease unravels the fascinating ties between these unlikely diplomatic partners. He reveals how Poland not only had to fight an uphill battle against inter-war America's isolationism, but also had to counter America's reluctance to underwrite a nation surrounded by two strong and hostile neighbors, Germany and the Soviet Union. Poland's plea for political and financial backing was ultimately denied by both the White House and Wall Street with dire consequences for Poland's future and Europe's fragile peace. Authoritative and original, this book is valuable contribution to our understanding of America and Europe during the interwar years.
Download or read book The United States and Poland written by Piotr Stefan Wandycz and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States and Poland adds a new dimension to the scholarship of America's international relations. Piotr Wandycz presents a comprehensive picture of the changing relationships between the United States and Poland over two hundred years. This work is, as Wandycz writes, both a survey and a synthesis. Because he believes that an understanding of the history of Poland is necessary in order to appreciate the complex nature of its involvement with the United States, he provides a thorough analysis of Poland's internal development, concentrating on the twentieth century. He also carefully places American-Polish history in the broader context of changing East-West relations. Finally, he speculates on the future between the two countries as detente unfolds and surprising happenings like the election of a Polish Pope occur. Ultimately, Wandycz acknowledges, the American-Polish relationship has been one-sided, even more so than is normal in contacts between great and small powers. "One must not imagine," he writes, "that Poland has been on the minds of American foreign policy makers consistently...but if one thinks of Poland in the context of East Central Europe, her significance increases dramatically." This book provides a necessary history and evaluation of a nation state once dominant in Europe and now searching for an appropriate role.
Download or read book The Encyclopaedia Britannica written by and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
