Download or read book Wear and Friction of Titanium Nitride on Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Under Oscillating Motion for Evaluation of Use in Articulating Orthopedic Applications written by David Scott Jacobson and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials are a factor in the performance of articulating orthopedic implants. An oscillating tribometer is utilized to investigate mechanisms of wear and friction of TiN (titanium nitride) coated on Ti-6Al-4V (titanium) alloy against UHMWPe (ultra high molecular weight polyethylene). Three thicknesses of TiN coating (1.76 pm, 4.15 æm, and 10.5 æm) are used to evaluate the performance of each in UHMWPe wear reduction and coating integrity. An uncoated Co-Cr (cobalt chromium) coupon is used against UHMWPe pins for control purposes. Oscillations are carried out to 10 million cycles to discover and evaluate short- and long-term wear mechanisms. Mass differentials and torque are recorded for each test at specific intervals in order to establish wear volumes and rates of the UHMWPe, and coefficients of friction. Profilometries and polarized light photomicrography are performed at test conclusion to observe any alteration in physical condition which occurred during each test. Analysis of the results reveals the benefit of reduced wear from a TiN/Ti-6AI-4V coating-substrate system coupled with UHMWPe. Use of TiN/Ti-6Al-4V enables a reduction in abrasive wear and a reduction and delay in the onset of adhesive wear and associated UHMWPYTe transfer films. UHMWPe wear decreases with thinner TIN coatings, realizing up to two-thirds reduction in wear over a Co-Cr-UHMWPe system. Even with a rougher surface a TiN-UHMWPe system (pre-test Ra = 0.07-0.11) benefits with a minimum of one-third reduction in UHMWPe wear over the smoother Co-Cr-UHMWPe system (pre-test Ra = 0.03).
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and disseminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis (CINDAS)* at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dis semination phases of the activity were transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the though that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volumes were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemi nation. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 37 (thesis year 1992) a total of 12,549 thesis titles from 25 Canadian and 153 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for these titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this impor tant annual reference work. While Volume 37 reports theses submitted in 1992, on occasion, certain uni versities do report theses submitted in previous years but not reported at the time.
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by W. H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 37 (thesis year 1992) reports a total of 12,549 thesis titles from 25 Canadian and 153 US universities (theses submitted in previous years but only now reported are indicated by the thesis year shown in parenthesis). The organization, like that of past years, consists of thesis titles arrange
Download or read book Friction and Wear of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Used in Total Joint Replacements written by Ching Chou and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An das Reich Schlaraffia Monachia written by and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Strain Behaviour of Titanium Alloy and Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Under Combined Torsion and Axial Stress written by Reginald Bernard Lawrence and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Friction and Adhesive Wear of Titanium Carbide and Titanium Nitride Overlay Coatings written by Tanveer Jamal and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Friction and Wear Study of a Titanium Nitride Surface Treatment for an Aluminum Alloy written by Kenneth William Derra and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Deformation Yielding and Fracture of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Use in Total Joint Replacements written by Louis Gregory Malito and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year close to one millions patients within the United States, receive a total joint replacement (TJR) to alleviate pain from severe debilitating osteoarthritis. TJRs can comprise hip, knee, shoulder, and even elbow and ankle replacements. Though these implants differ in anatomical function they have a consistent theme, a hard-on-soft bearing couple consisting of hard cobalt chrome (CoCr) and soft ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). UHMWPE is a semi-crystalline polymer with 2-6 million g/mol where long molecular chains create high entanglements and help give the material high energetic toughness. These molecular characteristics also provide a low coefficient of friction desirable for TJRs. This coupling pair has been the standard of care for nearly sixty years however not without some complications. TJRs primarily fail from wear debris that is liberated from the UHMWPE bearing surface. This wear debris is caused by successive plastic deformation from implant loading leading to crack initiation below the implant surface. Crack initiation leads to fatigue crack growth with the eventual liberation of debris. As a result of this detriment, there have been several changes to the formulations that make up UHMWPE. These changes primarily include radiation cross-linking to improve wear resistance. Increased wear resistance comes with concomitant trade-offs to the mechanical properties of the material. Radiation cross-linking through gamma irradiation, introduces free radicals to the material. Free- radical need to be eliminated otherwise they will react with the body and cause the polymer to oxidize in an in vivo environment. To alleviate these free-radicals post processing is performed. This post processing usually consists of thermal annealing treatments either above or below the melt temperature of UHMWPE. More recently, UHMWPE materials have moved away from post irradiation annealing in favor of antioxidant additions to the material. These antioxidants, such as vitamin E, are added to stabilize the material after irradiation and to prevent any possibility of oxidative embrittlement during in vivo operation. All of these unique additions to UHMWPE pose the important question of how the material’s fundamental mechanical properties are affected. There is a plethora of research data on the mechanical properties of UHMWPE and some of its material formulations, however when one dives into the procedural methods of these studies there are significant inconsistencies. These inconsistencies are rooted in the procedures used to analyze and create material mechanical properties. Unlike metallic materials where methods for analyzing mechanical properties are very well understood, polymeric materials offer a more complex challenge when interpreting their constitutive behavior. This is extremely important when polymeric materials, such as UHMWPE are used in safety critical applications such as TJRs. These challenges increase when UHMWPE is tailored through combinations of resin type, radiation cross-linking, and antioxidant additions. As a result there is a need to answer from a methodological perspective how the mechanical properties of UHMWPE change with different material formulations under different loading scenarios. This dissertation provides a comprehensive and thorough assessment of the mechanical properties of UHMWPE across 12 different material formulations focusing on how the methods used to analyze mechanical behavior can be extremely important. First, a comprehensive microstructural analysis is performed through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) to gather microstructure data for its potential effect on mechanical properties. Then tensile deformation in UHMWPE and its various material formulations are investigated. Engineering versus true tensile stress-strain data is looked at to elucidate the differences between analysis methods for determining elastic properties, yield, post yield, and ultimate behavior. Tensile constitutive properties are then compared to properties determined from compression and nanoindentation in an effort to understand material deformation trends across measurement methods. Then microstructure and tensile analysis are applied in the determination of the elastic-plastic fracture, or J-integral, toughness behavior of UHMWPE. Finally, this study concludes with a mechanistic analysis of the crack growth mechanisms to validate fracture toughness methods.
Download or read book Titanium nitride coatings written by Slobodan Marinković and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plasma Vapour Deposited Titanium Nitride for Biomedical Applications written by A. Elayaperumal and published by . This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Degradation of Implant Materials written by Noam Eliaz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the current understanding of the mechanical, chemical and biological processes that are responsible for the degradation of a variety of implant materials. All 18 chapters will be written by internationally renowned experts to address both fundamental and practical aspects of research into the field. Different failure mechanisms such as corrosion, fatigue, and wear will be reviewed, together with experimental techniques for monitoring them, either in vitro or in vivo. Procedures for implant retrieval and analysis will be presented. A variety of biomaterials (stainless steels, titanium and its alloys, nitinol, magnesium alloys, polyethylene, biodegradable polymers, silicone gel, hydrogels, calcium phosphates) and medical devices (orthopedic and dental implants, stents, heart valves, breast implants) will be analyzed in detail. The book will serve as a broad reference source for graduate students and researchers studying biomedicine, corrosion, surface science, and electrochemistry.
Download or read book UHMWPE Biomaterials for Joint Implants written by Jun Fu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive, state-of-the-art review of the latest progresses in UHMWPE biomaterials, which has been critical for the performance and longevity of joint implants. Oriented by clinical challenges to UHMWPE-based joint implants, it introduces the processing, crosslinking, structural manipulation, oxidation mechanism, stabilization, drug delivery, and wear, as well as clinical performance, biomechanics, and simulated studies of joint implant based on UHMWPE with low wear, which are aimed to tackle or minimize the adverse effect related to wear and wear debris. These contributions provide fundamentals of chemistry and physics of UHMWPEs to help understand the clinical performances of UHMWPE based joint implants. Perspectives to next generation UHMWPE to meet the unmet challenges in clinical use are included.
Download or read book Biotribology written by J. Paulo Davim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tribology is the “science and technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion” and encompasses the study of friction, wear and lubrication. By extension biotribology is usually defined as the tribological phenomena occurring in either the human body or in animals. Therefore, it is possible to consider tribological processes that may occur after implantation of an artificial device in the human body and the tribological processes naturally occurring in or on the tissues and organ of animals. Animals, including humans, possess a wide variety of sliding and frictional interfaces. The authors aim to provide some advances in research in biotribology. They cover several aspects of biotribology such as tribology of synovial joints and artificial replacements; wear of screws and plates in bone fractures repair; wear of denture and restorative materials; friction of the skin and comfort of clothing; wear of replacement heart valves; tribology of contact lenses and ocular tribology; biotribology on the microscale and nanoscale levels, etc. This book can be used as a research text for final undergraduate engineering courses (for example, materials, biomedical, etc.) or for those studying the subject of biotribology at the postgraduate level. It can also serve as a useful reference for academics, biomechanical researchers, biologists, chemists, physicists, biomedicals and materials engineers, and other professionals in related engineering, medicine and biomedical industries.
Download or read book Principles of Biomedical Engineering Second Edition written by Sundararajan Madihally and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated edition of an Artech House classic introduces readers to the importance of engineering in medicine. Bioelectrical phenomena, principles of mass and momentum transport to the analysis of physiological systems, the importance of mechanical analysis in biological tissues/ organs and biomaterial selection are discussed in detail. Readers learn about the concepts of using living cells in various therapeutics and diagnostics, compartmental modeling, and biomedical instrumentation. The book explores fluid mechanics, strength of materials, statics and dynamics, basic thermodynamics, electrical circuits, and material science. A significant number of numerical problems have been generated using data from recent literature and are given as examples as well as exercise problems. These problems provide an opportunity for comprehensive understanding of the basic concepts, cutting edge technologies and emerging challenges. Describing the role of engineering in medicine today, this comprehensive volume covers a wide range of the most important topics in this burgeoning field. Moreover, you find a thorough treatment of the concept of using living cells in various therapeutics and diagnostics. Structured as a complete text for students with some engineering background, the book also makes a valuable reference for professionals new to the bioengineering field. This authoritative textbook features numerous exercises and problems in each chapter to help ensure a solid understanding of the material.
Download or read book Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity written by D. Caillard and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-08 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEY FEATURES: - A unified, fundamental and quantitative resource. The result of 5 years of investigation from researchers around the world - New data from a range of new techniques, including synchrotron radiation X-ray topography provide safer and surer methods of identifying deformation mechanisms - Informing the future direction of research in intermediate and high temperature processes by providing original treatment of dislocation climb DESCRIPTION: Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity is a unified, quantitative and fundamental resource for material scientists investigating the strength of metallic materials of various structures at extreme temperatures. Crystal plasticity is usually controlled by a limited number of elementary dislocation mechanisms, even in complex structures. Those which determine dislocation mobility and how it changes under the influence of stress and temperature are of key importance for understanding and predicting the strength of materials. The authors describe in a consistent way a variety of thermally activated microscopic mechanisms of dislocation mobility in a range of crystals. The principles of the mechanisms and equations of dislocation motion are revisited and new ones are proposed. These describe mostly friction forces on dislocations such as the lattice resistance to glide or those due to sessile cores, as well as dislocation cross-slip and climb. They are critically assessed by comparison with the best available experimental results of microstructural characterization, in situ straining experiments under an electron or a synchrotron beam, as well as accurate transient mechanical tests such as stress relaxation experiments. Some recent attempts at atomistic modeling of dislocation cores under stress and temperature are also considered since they offer a complementary description of core transformations and associated energy barriers. In addition to offering guidance and assistance for further experimentation, the book indicates new ways to extend the body of data in particular areas such as lattice resistance to glide.
Download or read book The Sourcebook for Teaching Science Grades 6 12 written by Norman Herr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-08-11 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sourcebook for Teaching Science is a unique, comprehensive resource designed to give middle and high school science teachers a wealth of information that will enhance any science curriculum. Filled with innovative tools, dynamic activities, and practical lesson plans that are grounded in theory, research, and national standards, the book offers both new and experienced science teachers powerful strategies and original ideas that will enhance the teaching of physics, chemistry, biology, and the earth and space sciences.
