Download or read book Verification and Analysis of Impact based Tornado Warnings in the Central Region of the National Weather Service written by Holly B. Obermeier and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tornado warnings are one of the most critical products issued by the National Weather Service (NWS), and favorable verification statistics are desirable. The 2011 NWS statistics for traditional tornado warnings indicate that the probability of detection (POD) is 70%, while the false alarm rate (FAR) is 76%. The recent Joplin, Missouri EF5 tornado event on 22 May 2011, which resulted in massive devastation and loss of life, prompted the NWS to re-evaluate the current tornado warning format. After the Joplin, MO event, the Central Region of the NWS implemented the impact-based tornado warning (IBTW) experiment in 2013. IBTWs consist of tiers including damage tags and impact wording which convey increasing levels of damage. The damage wording within an IBTW is shown to relate to the Enhanced Fujita (EF) Scale. Wording included in non-tagged IBTWs corresponds to EF0-EF2 tornado damage, while the damage wording for tagged IBTWs corresponds to EF3-EF5 tornado damage. This study investigates the accuracy of IBTWs by examining if a tornado occurs during the warning time frame, and whether the resulting damage matches the damage wording in the IBTW. All IBTWs from 1 April 2013 through 30 November 2013 are collected, as well as tornado survey information, including EF Scale intensity, for every tornado which occurred in the Central Region during the same time period. Using these survey data, IBTWs are verified by the intensity of the tornado, if one occurs. POD and FAR statistics are calculated through 2x2 contingency tables for both non-tagged and tagged IBTWs. Results indicate that the majority of both non-tagged and tagged IBTWs are false alarms, and tagged IBTWs have a very low POD. Case studies of several events explore successful and unsuccessful implementation of damage tags, revealing that limitations in current technology and scientific knowledge may contribute to false alarms and missed detections. These findings suggest that more advances in technology and the understanding of tornadogenesis are necessary for more successful implementation of IBTWs.
Download or read book Tornado Preparedness Planning written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Doppler Radar Weather Observations written by Richard J. Doviak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the principles of Doppler radar and emphasizes the quantitative measurement of meteorological parameters. It illustrates the relation of Doppler radar data and images to atmospherix phenomena such as tornados, microbursts, waves, turbulence, density currents, hurricanes, and lightning. Radar images and photographs of these weather phenomena are included. Polarimetric measurements and data processing An updated section on RASS Wind profilers Observations with the WSR-88D An updated treatment of lightning Turbulence in the planetary boundary layer A short history of radar Chapter problem sets
Download or read book Tornado Warnings and Weather Service Modernization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Danger Zone The Effect of Storm based Tornado Warnings on Expected Casualties written by Michael T. Bilder and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, the National Weather Service (NWS) issued tornado warnings on a county-level. As a result, an entire county would be warned, even if only a small portion of the population was in danger. Over-warning for tornado threats can lead to a very dangerous sense of complacency amongst the public. On October 1, 2007, the agency converted to issuing storm-based warnings, through which meteorologists would design a unique warning area (shaped as a polygon) that projects the general path they expect a tornado or potentially tornadic storm cell to take. In theory, this approach limits the warning audience to the part of a county that could be directly impacted by a tornado. Narrowing the warning should reduce the impact of false alarms, as well as enable individuals to better assess the risk of harm and the value of taking shelter, thereby reducing the number of expected tornado casualties. Using regression analysis, this thesis tests to see if the way in which the NWS uses geography to communicate proximity to tornado risk has an effect on expected casualties. The effect of reducing the warning area size is controlled for by incorporating into the model the average county area reduction score for each county tornado event. This variable failed to achieve significance. Consequently, the thesis cannot conclude that the switch to storm-based warnings has had a statistically significant effect on reducing or increasing expected casualties. The lack of significance could be attributed to insufficient data, although the dataset contains nearly all county tornado events since the policy took effect. An alternative explanation is that most of the current warning dissemination systems are incapable of only alerting individuals located within the unique boundaries of the polygon.
Download or read book Institutional Partnerships in Multi Hazard Early Warning Systems written by Maryam Golnaraghi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-18 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book documents seven examples of Early Warning Systems for hydrometeorological and other hazards that have proven effective in reducing losses due to these hazards. The cases studied encompass a variety of climatic regimes and stages of economic development, raging across the industrialized countries of Germany, France, Japan and the United States, to Bangladesh, the island nation of Cuba and the mega-city of Shanghai. Demonstrated characteristics of these exemplary cases are synthesized into ten guiding principles for successful early warning systems that will, it is hoped, prove useful to countries seeking to develop or strengthen such systems within their own borders.
Download or read book Tornado Warnings and Weather Service Modernization written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tornadoes Nature s Most Violent Storms written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tornadoes and Severe Storms Awareness Campaign Workbook written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Briefing on Tornado Prediction and Preparedness in the Carolinas During the Severe Weather of March 28 1984 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Watches and Warnings and the Epidemiological Effects of Tornadoes written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Reducing Tornado Warning False Alarm Rates Across the National Weather Service Memphis County Warning Area written by Preston Jewel Bradley and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tornado detection has improved in recent years due, in part, to the deployment of dual-polarization radar technology. Depsite these improvements, false alarm rates (FAR) for tornado warnings remain high over Memphis, TN County Warning Area. The purpose of this research was to use a suite of radar products and storm environmental parameters in an effort to decrease tornado warning FAR over the Mid-South. The Memphis National Weather Service Forecast Office County Warning Area (CWA) serves as the study area for this reseach. Previous research has shown that storm mode and environment can imact FAR. Therefore, by combining radar products and storm environment, tornadic and non-tornadic events could be distinguished and the FAR could be reduced. Results suggest that some combination of rotational velocity and a modifed energy-helicity index that places more emphasis on shear and is sensitive to low convectively available potential energy (CAPE) values might aid in reducing tornado warning FAR. .
Download or read book Emergency Alert and Warning Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a series of natural disasters, including Hurricane Katrina, that revealed shortcomings in the nation's ability to effectively alert populations at risk, Congress passed the Warning, Alert, and Response Network (WARN) Act in 2006. Today, new technologies such as smart phones and social media platforms offer new ways to communicate with the public, and the information ecosystem is much broader, including additional official channels, such as government social media accounts, opt-in short message service (SMS)-based alerting systems, and reverse 911 systems; less official channels, such as main stream media outlets and weather applications on connected devices; and unofficial channels, such as first person reports via social media. Traditional media have also taken advantage of these new tools, including their own mobile applications to extend their reach of beyond broadcast radio, television, and cable. Furthermore, private companies have begun to take advantage of the large amounts of data about users they possess to detect events and provide alerts and warnings and other hazard-related information to their users. More than 60 years of research on the public response to alerts and warnings has yielded many insights about how people respond to information that they are at risk and the circumstances under which they are most likely to take appropriate protective action. Some, but not all, of these results have been used to inform the design and operation of alert and warning systems, and new insights continue to emerge. Emergency Alert and Warning Systems reviews the results of past research, considers new possibilities for realizing more effective alert and warning systems, explores how a more effective national alert and warning system might be created and some of the gaps in our present knowledge, and sets forth a research agenda to advance the nation's alert and warning capabilities.
Download or read book Tampa Bay Area Tornadoes October 3 1992 written by United States. National Weather Service and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Severe Convective Storms written by Charles Doswell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly illustrated book is a collection of 13 review papers focusing on convective storms and the weather they produce. It discusses severe convective storms, mesoscale processes, tornadoes and tornadic storms, severe local storms, flash flood forecast and the electrification of severe storms.
Download or read book The National Weather Service s Polygon Method Warning Dissemination of the Future written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Weather Service (NWS) is continuously improving its forecasting skills, but forecasters still cannot accurately predict the path of a tornado or a severe thunderstorm. The NWS has developed a new warning system in which the warned area is outlined by a polygon, not a county boundary. The polygon-waming approach is expected to significantly reduce the total square-mile area of warnings not followed by an event, called the False Alarm Area. There are three central issues concerning the failure of the polygon-warning method: I) the size of the counties impacted by a storm, 2) the impact of the new warning system on visual and auditory warning methods, and 3) the communication between the NWS, media, and emergency management. If the polygon-warning method is going to be a practical alternative to the countywarning method, then warning disseminators will have to work together to provide the most consistent method of communicating severe-weather wamings to citizens who are in immediate danger.
Download or read book Tornado Preparedness Planning written by United States. Weather Bureau and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
