Download or read book Velocity Measurements in the End Gas Region During Homogeneous Charge Combustion in a Spark Ignition Engine written by Peter O. Witze and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Premixed-charge combustion in spark ignition engines is governed by the propagation of a reaction zone through the turbulent mixture in the chamber. It has been established that during the early and fully-developed phases of this process the reaction zone is a continuous, highly-wrinkled, thin sheet propagating at a speed characterized by the laminar burning velocity and the turbulent eddies in the preflame gases. However, as combustion of the charge nears completion, the burning rate slows down in an exponential fashion that has led empirical analyses to conclude that in its final stages the flame is a thick zone of burning islands of reactants. Other direct experimental evidence contradicts this thick flame model. Resolution of this controversy will require a better understanding of the turbulence/combustion interactions in the end-gas region. In this study, LDV measurements were obtained for two components of velocity and turbulence intensity in the end-gases between the approaching flame and the cylinder wall. Both ensemble-averaged and instantaneous velocity measurements are presented for the region from 20 mm to 0.25 mm of the endwall, and comparisons between motored and fired operation of the engine are discussed. (Author).
Download or read book Mechanical Variables Measurement Solid Fluid and Thermal written by John G. Webster and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-14 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accuracy in the laboratory setting is key to maintaining the integrity of scientific research. Inaccurate measurements create false and non-reproducible results, rendering an experiment or series of experiments invalid and wasting both time and money. This handy guide to solid, fluid, and thermal measurement helps minimize this pitfall through careful detailing of measurement techniques. Concise yet thorough, Mechanical Variables Measurement-Solid, Fluid, and Thermal describes the use of instruments and methods for practical measurements required in engineering, physics, chemistry, and the life sciences. Organized according to measurement problem, the entries are easy to access. The articles provide equations to assist engineers and scientists who seek to discover applications and solve problems that arise in areas outside of their specialty. Sections include references to more specialized publications for advanced techniques, as well. It offers instruction for a range of measuring techniques, basic through advanced, that apply to a broad base of disciplines. As an engineer, scientist, designer, manager, researcher, or student, you encounter the problem of measurement often and realize that doing it correctly is pivotal to the success of an experiment. This is the first place to turn when deciding on, performing, and troubleshooting the measurement process. Mechanical Variables Measurement-Solid, Fluid, and Thermal leads the reader, step-by-step, through the straits of experimentation to triumph.
Download or read book Laser Techniques and Applications in Fluid Mechanics written by Ronald J. Adrian and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Simulation and Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines written by Zhiyu Han and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simulation and Optimization of Internal Combustion Engines provides the fundamentals and up-to-date progress in multidimensional simulation and optimization of internal combustion engines. While it is impossible to include all the models in a single book, this book intends to introduce the pioneer and/or the often-used models and the physics behind them providing readers with ready-to-use knowledge. Key issues, useful modeling methodology and techniques, as well as instructive results, are discussed through examples. Readers will understand the fundamentals of these examples and be inspired to explore new ideas and means for better solutions in their studies and work. Topics include combustion basis of IC engines, mathematical descriptions of reactive flow with sprays, engine in-cylinder turbulence, fuel sprays, combustions and pollutant emissions, optimization of direct-injection gasoline engines, and optimization of diesel and alternative fuel engines.
Download or read book Knocking Combustion Observed in a Spark ignition Engine with Simultaneous Direct and Schlieren High speed Motion Pictures and Pressure Records written by Gordon E. Osterstrom and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report support simultaneous direct and schlieren photographs at 40,000 frames a second and correlated pressure records taken of knocking combustion in a special spark-ignition engine to ascertain intensity of certain end-zone reactions previously seen by schlieren photography alone.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-08 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines written by Colin R. Ferguson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the Second Edition in 2001, there have been considerable advances and developments in the field of internal combustion engines. These include the increased importance of biofuels, new internal combustion processes, more stringent emissions requirements and characterization, and more detailed engine performance modeling, instrumentation, and control. There have also been changes in the instructional methodologies used in the applied thermal sciences that require inclusion in a new edition. These methodologies suggest that an increased focus on applications, examples, problem-based learning, and computation will have a positive effect on learning of the material, both at the novice student, and practicing engineer level. This Third Edition mirrors its predecessor with additional tables, illustrations, photographs, examples, and problems/solutions. All of the software is ‘open source’, so that readers can see how the computations are performed. In addition to additional java applets, there is companion Matlab code, which has become a default computational tool in most mechanical engineering programs.
Download or read book Modeling of End Gas Autoignition for Knock Prediction in Gasoline Engines written by Andreas Manz and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downsizing of modern gasoline engines with direct injection is a key concept for achieving future CO22 emission targets. However, high power densities and optimum efficiency are limited by an uncontrolled autoignition of the unburned air-fuel mixture, the so-called spark knock phenomena. By a combination of three-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (3D-CFD) and experiments incorporating optical diagnostics, this work presents an integral approach for predicting combustion and autoignition in Spark Ignition (SI) engines. The turbulent premixed combustion and flame front propagation in 3D-CFD is modeled with the G-equation combustion model, i.e. a laminar flamelet approach, in combination with the level set method. Autoignition in the unburned gas zone is modeled with the Shell model based on reduced chemical reactions using optimized reaction rate coefficients for different octane numbers (ON) as well as engine relevant pressures, temperatures and EGR rates. The basic functionality and sensitivities of improved sub-models, e.g. laminar flame speed, are proven in simplified test cases followed by adequate engine test cases. It is shown that the G-equation combustion model performs well even on unstructured grids with polyhedral cells and coarse grid resolution. The validation of the knock model with respect to temporal and spatial knock onset is done with fiber optical spark plug measurements and statistical evaluation of individual knocking cycles with a frequency based pressure analysis. The results show a good correlation with the Shell autoignition relevant species in the simulation. The combined model approach with G-equation and Shell autoignition in an active formulation enables a realistic representation of thin flame fronts and hence the thermodynamic conditions prior to knocking by taking into account the ignition chemistry in unburned gas, temperature fluctuations and self-acceleration effects due to pre-reactions. By the modeling approach and simulation methodology presented in this work the overall predictive capability for the virtual development of future knockproof SI engines is improved.
Download or read book The CRC Handbook of Mechanical Engineering written by D. Yogi Goswami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-09-29 with total page 2690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this standard-setting handbook provides and all-encompassing reference for the practicing engineer in industry, government, and academia, with relevant background and up-to-date information on the most important topics of modern mechanical engineering. These topics include modern manufacturing and design, robotics, computer engineering, environmental engineering, economics, patent law, and communication/information systems. The final chapter and appendix provide information regarding physical properties and mathematical and computational methods. New topics include nanotechnology, MEMS, electronic packaging, global climate change, electric and hybrid vehicles, and bioengineering.
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Operating Range and Engine Performance with Different Fuels written by Tanet Aroonsrisopon and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Internal Combustion Engine Handbook written by Richard Van Basshuysen and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2016-03-07 with total page 1152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 120 authors from science and industry have documented this essential resource for students, practitioners, and professionals. Comprehensively covering the development of the internal combustion engine (ICE), the information presented captures expert knowledge and serves as an essential resource that illustrates the latest level of knowledge about engine development. Particular attention is paid toward the most up-to-date theory and practice addressing thermodynamic principles, engine components, fuels, and emissions. Details and data cover classification and characteristics of reciprocating engines, along with fundamentals about diesel and spark ignition internal combustion engines, including insightful perspectives about the history, components, and complexities of the present-day and future IC engines. Chapter highlights include: • Classification of reciprocating engines • Friction and Lubrication • Power, efficiency, fuel consumption • Sensors, actuators, and electronics • Cooling and emissions • Hybrid drive systems Nearly 1,800 illustrations and more than 1,300 bibliographic references provide added value to this extensive study. “Although a large number of technical books deal with certain aspects of the internal combustion engine, there has been no publication until now that covers all of the major aspects of diesel and SI engines.” Dr.-Ing. E. h. Richard van Basshuysen and Professor Dr.-Ing. Fred Schäfer, the editors, “Internal Combustion Engines Handbook: Basics, Components, Systems, and Perpsectives”
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Multidimensional Modeling of Combustion and Knock in Spark ignition Engines with Detailed Chemical Kinetics written by Long Liang and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-06-03 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Download or read book Particle Image Velocimetry written by Markus Raffel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-09 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This immensely practical guide to PIV provides a condensed, yet exhaustive guide to most of the information needed for experiments employing the technique. This second edition has updated chapters on the principles and extra information on microscopic, high-speed and three component measurements as well as a description of advanced evaluation techniques. What’s more, the huge increase in the range of possible applications has been taken into account as the chapter describing these applications of the PIV technique has been expanded.
Download or read book Annual Index abstracts of SAE Technical Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 1218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
