Download or read book Variety Equity and Efficiency written by Kelvin Lancaster and published by New York : Columbia University Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Variety Equity and Efficiency written by Kelvin Lancaster and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Accessibility Equity and Efficiency written by Karst T. Geurs and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading researchers from around the world show, in this volume, the importance of accessibility in contemporary issues such as rural depopulation, investments in public services and public transport, and transport infrastructure investments in Europe. The trade-offs between accessibility, economic development and equity are comprehensively examined, and a variety of approaches to measuring accessibility and equality presented. The book’s interdisciplinary contributions also provide different geographical contexts, from the US to various European and developing countries, and cover ex ante and ex post evaluation of transport investment. Improving transport accessibility is a main objective in transport policy and planning in developed and developing countries all over the world. Investment is motivated by the need to develop and/or reduce spatial or social inequalities. However, the economic and equity implications of investments in transport are not straightforward. The concepts of accessibility and equity can be defined and operationalized in many different ways, influencing outcomes and conclusions. Moreover, equity and efficiency goals are often conflicting. Accessibility models not only help to explain spatial and transport patterns in developed and developing countries but are also powerful tools to explain the equity and efficiency impacts of urban and transport policies and projects. This state-of-the-art overview of the accessibility–economic efficiency–equity relationship will appeal to researchers as well as transport and urban planners interested in accessibility issues and transport/regional developments.
Download or read book The Territorial Organization of Variety written by Jerry Patchell and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2011 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the modern global economy, the wine industry seems to be an anomaly: thousands of small companies provide a vast variety of highly differentiated products, competing successfully with multinational corporations. This book argues that this is in fact the result of a sophisticated alternative organization of production on the part of the winegrowers, who have developed a set of strategies and tools appropriate to their markets and regulatory contexts.
Download or read book Product Variety Management written by Teck-Hua Ho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Product proliferation has become a common phenomenon. Most companies now offer hundreds, if not thousands, of stock keeping units (SKUs) in order to compete in the market place. Companies with expanding product and service varieties face with problems of obtaining accurate demand forecasts, controlling production and inventory costs, and providing high quality and good delivery performance for the customers. Marketing managers often advocate widening product lines for increasing revenue and market share. However, the breadth of product line can also decrease the efficiency of manufacturing processes and distribution systems. Thus firms must weigh the benefits of product variety against its cost in order to determine the optimal level of product variety to offer to their customers. Academics and practitioners are interested in several fundamental questions about product variety. For instance, why do companies extend their product lines? Do consumers care about product variety? Will a brand with more variety enjoy higher market share? How should product variety be measured? How can a company exploit its product and process design to deliver a higher level of product variety quickly and cheaply? What should the level of product variety be and what should the price of each of the product variants be? What kind of 'challenges would a company face in offering a high level of product variety and how can these obstacles be overcome? The solutions to these questions span multiple functions and disciplines.
Download or read book Coping with Variety written by Yannick Lung and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-08-14 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999, this book explores pint points, compares and dates the development of product differentiation and variety. This book also analyses’ how firms have embraced a variety of ways of efficiently managing this verity though production, the design of the product as well as in the relations with the suppliers and distributors.
Download or read book Transformation of Economy as a Real Process written by Daniel Daianu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, this volume is a contribution to the economic analysis of post-communist transformation in an evolutionary-institutionalist approach. The author shows convincingly the role of path dependency, of the ways history matters for the success of otherwise sound policies, and highlights structural hindrances to fast and successful transformation. Thence emerges the key concept of strain. The book addresses the question of how to create conditions for sustainable development in societies where these are lacking, and stresses the importance of institutional change. It also emphasises the role of sound banking institutions and proper regulations, the crucial issue of financial vulnerability and fragility, the role of reputation, means to fight non-payments, limit to optimal policies, etc. The author covers a broad international literature and relates it to his insights as a local observer, which delivers an interesting reading.
Download or read book Market Menagerie written by Smita Srinivas and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-04 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Market Menagerie examines technological advance and market regulation in the health industries of nations such as India, Brazil, South Africa, Nigeria, and Japan. Pharmaceutical and life science industries can reinforce economic development and industry growth, but not necessarily positive health outcomes. Yet well-crafted industrial and health policies can strengthen each other and reconcile economic and social goals. This book advocates moving beyond traditional market failure to bring together three uncommonly paired themes: the growth of industrial capabilities, the politics of health access, and the geography of production and redistribution.
Download or read book Schumpeterian Perspectives on Innovation Competition and Growth written by Uwe Cantner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-25 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in economics have gone from the recognition of the importance of innovation for growth and the exploration of innovation mechanisms to the incorporation of the results of the previous research into economic models. An important lesson to be drawn from all this research is that a purely macro-based analysis of growth is not enough. The various mechanisms of innovation creation and diffusion, the importance of agent heterogeneity, of market selection processes, of the internal organization of the firm and of organizational routines, and the obsolescence and the consequent emergence of new types of capital goods are a few examples of micro-economic phenomena that contribute decisively to macro-economic development. The papers in this volume approach those issues from a Schumpeterian point of view and tackle issues like the growing importance of knowledge and human capital; increasing returns and path dependence; the role of variety in economic growth; competition and industry evolution.
Download or read book Pricing Carbon Emissions written by Aviel Verbruggen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pricing Carbon Emissions provides an economic critique on the utopian idea of a uniform carbon price for addressing rising carbon emissions, exposing the flaws in the economic propositions with a key focus on the EU’s Emissions Trading System (ETS). After an Executive Summary of the contents, the chapters build up understanding of orthodox economics’ role in protecting the neoliberal paradigm. A salient case, the ETS is successful in shielding the Business-as-Usual activities of the EU’s industry, however this book argues that the system fails in creating innovation for decarbonizing production technologies. A subsequent political economy analysis by the author points to the discursive power of giant fossil fuel and electricity companies keeping up a façade of Cap-and-Trade utopia and hiding the reality of free permit donations and administrative price control, concealing financial bills mostly paid by household electricity customers. The twilights between reality and utopia in the EU’s ETS are exposed, concluding an immediate end of the system is necessary for effective and just climate policy. The work argues that the proposition of shifting to a global uniform carbon tax is equally utopian. In practice, a uniform price applied on heterogeneous cases is not a source of benefits but one of ad-hoc adjustments, exceptions, and exemptions. Carbon pricing does not induce innovation, however assumed by the economic models used by IPCC for advising global climate policy. Thus, it is persuasively demonstrated by the author that these schemes are doomed to failure and room and resources need to be created for more effective and just climate politics. The book’s conclusion is based on economic arguments, complementing the critique of political scientists. This book is written for a broad audience interested in climate policy eager to understand why decarbonizing progress is slow as it is. It marks a significant addition to the literature on climate politics, carbon pricing and the political economy of the environment more broadly. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Download or read book Managed Care and Monopoly Power written by Deborah HAAS-WILSON and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As millions of Americans are aware, health care costs continue to increase rapidly. Much of this increase in health care costs is due to the development of new life-sustaining drugs and procedures, but part of it is due to the increased monopoly power of physicians, insurance companies, and hospitals, as the health care sector undergoes reorganization and consolidation. There are two tools to limit the growth of monopoly power: government regulation and antitrust policy. In this timely book, Deborah Haas-Wilson argues that enforcement of the antitrust laws is the tool of choice in most cases. Focusing on the economic concepts necessary to the enforcement of the antitrust laws in health care markets, Haas-Wilson provides a useful roadmap for guiding the future of these markets.
Download or read book Economic Theory of The Industry written by Michael Waterson and published by CUP Archive. This book was released on 1984 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrial Organization in Context written by Stephen Martin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010-04-22 with total page 1021 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Organization in Context examines the economics of markets, industries and their participants and public policy towards these entities. It takes an international approach and incorporates discussion of experimental tests of economic models.
Download or read book Property Power and Public Choice written by Alfred Allan Schmid and published by A. Allan Schmid. This book was released on 1987 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book On Borrowed Time written by and published by Transaction Publishers. This book was released on with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Entitlements represent one of the largest and fastest-growing portions of the federal budget. They are regarded as sacrosanct by lawmakers, yet many people see them as one of the greatest threats to the American Dream. This volume argues that by sacrificing the future in order to pay ever-larger federal benefits through programs such as Social Security, Medicare, and federal pensions, entitlement spending has become a crushing burden to American workers. Peterson and Howe destroy myths surrounding entitlement spending. They show that the bulk of it does not go to the poor. The majority of the elderly are not needy and dependent. Entitlement programs, not defense spending, consume the largest share of the federal budget. In short, we cannot balance the budget without reducing entitlement spending. In a country that demands critical investments--improving public education, alleviating poverty, increasing professional opportunity--growth in entitlement spending is unaffordable. On Borrowed Time is an important and timely book that will be mandatory reading for policymakers, politicians, economists, and a general public concerned with its financial future. "This book should be read by everyone who wants to understand how government spending can be controlled."--Martin Feldstein, George F. Baker Professor of Economics, Harvard University "A powerful analyses and policy prescriptions which will challenge every thoughtful person coping with the dilemma of providing humane, but cost effective, entitlements."--Michael J. Boskin, Professor of Economics, Stanford University Peter G. Peterson is chairman and co-founder of The Blackstone Group. He is chairman of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations, founding chairman of the Institute for International Economics (Washington, D.C.), founding president of The Concord Coalition, and co-chair of The Conference Board Commission on Public Trust and Private Enterprises. Neil Howe is a partner and co-founder of LifeCourse Associates, a Virginia-based consulting firm and senior associate at the Center for Strategic and International Studies. A historian, economist, author, and speaker, he is the co-author (with William Strauss) of several books, including Generations, The Fourth Turning, and Millennials Rising.
Download or read book Creation and Transfer of Knowledge written by Giorgio Barba Navaretti and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is knowledge an economic good? Which are the characteristics of the institutions regulating the production and diffusion of knowledge? Cumulation of knowledge is a key determinant of economic growth, but only recently knowledge has moved to the core of economic analysis. Recent literature also gives profound insights into events like scientific progress, artistic and craft development which have been rarely addressed as socio-economic institutions, being the domain of sociologists and historians rather than economists. This volume adopts a multidisciplinary approach to bring knowledge in the focus of attention, as a key economic issue.
Download or read book Population Health Science written by Katherine M. Keyes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: POPULATION HEALTH SCIENCE formalizes an emerging discipline at the crossroads of social and medical sciences, demography, and economics--an emerging approach to population studies that represents a seismic shift in how traditional health sciences measure and observe health events. Bringing together theories and methods from diverse fields, this text provides grounding in the factors that shape population health. The overall approach is one of consequentialist science: designing creative studies that identify causal factors in health with multidisciplinary rigor. Distilled into nine foundational principles, this book guides readers through population science studies that strategically incorporate: · macrosocial factors · multilevel, lifecourse, and systems theories · prevention science fundamentals · return on investment · equity and efficiency Harnessing the power of scientific inquiry and codifying the knowledge base for a burgeoning field, POPULATION HEALTH SCIENCE arms readers with tools to shift the curve of population health.
