Download or read book Validity of a New Three dimensional Model for Measuring Spine Kinematics During Gait in Females with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Into Spinal Deformities 7 written by Carl-Eric Aubin and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In choosing Montreal for its 8th biennial meeting, the International Research Society of Spinal Deformities (IRSSD), is returning to an auspicious and important venue: their 1992 meeting in Montreal marked the turning point from a focus on the morphological aspects of spinal deformity, towards three-dimensional evaluation and interpretation of scoliotic deformities and their biomechanics. Since then, the IRSSD meetings have had an instrumental role in the advancement of scientific research on problems affecting the spine. This book contains the proceedings of the 2010 conference in the form of peer-reviewed, short papers and abstracts, summarizing the 140 papers and posters presented at the Montreal meeting. With contributions from scientific and clinical experts from around the world, it covers all aspects of spinal deformity research including: etiology, genetics, biology, metabolism, biomechanics, imaging technologies, innovations in treatment and treatment outcomes. It explores current research developments, the underlying mechanisms that cause scoliosis and the clinical effectiveness of a wide range of treatments. Of interest to all those involved in the research into and treatment of spinal deformities, the book provides an opportunity to learn more about the latest developments in this field.
Download or read book Age and Sex Related Analysis of Pediatric Spinal Motion and Comparisons with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by Jeffrey William Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three - dimensional deformity which is characterized by abnormal curvature and rotation of the spine. Dynamic measurements of normative spinal range of motion (ROM) are commonly used to assess the changes in functionality of the spine due to scoliotic deformity. However, due to the inherent changes in anatomical structures due to growth in children, normative ROM values are also likely to change based on age and sex. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to characterize the age and sex-related changes in the spinal ROM in normative children, quantify muscle activation corresponding to those ROM, and to determine the functional differences in spinal motion between normative and pre-operative AIS pediatric subjects. A total of 30 normative male and female pediatric subjects between the ages of 6-21 years were recruited to participate in this institutional review board approved study. Subjects performed six active motions to their maximum ROM: forward flexion, extension, lateral bending (left and right), and axial rotation (left and right). Dependent kinematic variables included the angles between adjacent spinal segments and total spinal ROM. Additionally, peak muscle activation during each ROM was measured through surface electromyography electrodes placed bilaterally on the erector spinae, latissimus dorsi, internal and external oblique muscles. Spinal ROM normalized to subjects' standing height varied significantly with age for flexion and axial rotation movements. No significant patterns of muscle activation were present; however, trunk muscles activated according to the directionality of the movement suggesting that a combination of forces are responsible for controlling motion. AIS patients had significantly reduced ROM in the spinal region containing the apex of the deformity as compared to age and sex-matched normative subjects; suggesting that the scoliotic deformity restricts motion in the location of the primary curvature. In addition to providing clinicians with a normative database of trunk kinematics and muscle activation data, these normative kinematic data can also be used to validate subject-specific computational models of the normative pediatric spine.
Download or read book Geometry Growth and Shape of the Normative Pediatric Thoracic and Lumbar Vertebrae and Ribs and Comparisons with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by James R. Peters and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Growth of the thoracic and lumbar spines, and rib cage is a complex composite of the growth contributed by each individual vertebra and rib; however, the majority of literature describing growth of these structures report heights and lengths of the spine or volume of the ribcage. Previous pediatric studies focusing on the morphology of individual ribs and vertebrae use inconsistent measurement techniques to collect geometric dimensions from nonhomogeneous samples and few of these studies evaluate growth or possible vertebral level and sex-related differences in the pediatric morphology. Data detailing the normative morphology and growth of the spine and rib cage may provide insights into the progression of spinal deformities like adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). AIS is a complex three-dimensional (3D) deformity of the thoracic and lumbar spines and rib cage involving lateral bending of the spine, axial rotation of the vertebrae, wedging of the vertebral bodies, and malformation of the vertebral structures. Despite the large amount of subject specific variability present in AIS, classification schemes like the Lenke system have been developed to help categorize the scoliotic deformity and provide guidance for surgical interventions. Lenke-types 1, 2, and 5 collectively account for approximately 83 percent of AIS cases requiring surgery. The standard surgical treatment for AIS is mechanical de-rotation of the spine followed by posterior spinal fusion (PSF). In some cases deformity progression has been observed even after PSF suggesting that the vertebrae can continue to grow and develop following spine arthrodesis. New surgical treatments for AIS rely on modulating growth instead of arresting it; however these techniques require knowledge about how mechanical forces impact normative growth. Such investigations can be conducted in silico using finite element (FE) models. FE models of the spine have been used to investigate scoliotic deformity progression as well as correction using surgical constructs. While previous FE models of the spine have simulated axial growth of the vertebral bodies, growth of the posterior elements (pedicles, facets, and major processes) is largely ignored due to a lack of data describing their development. Such limitations need to be addressed if better models of progression and correction are to be created. This thesis provides a thorough analysis of the pediatric thoracic and lumbar vertebrae and rib morphology and growth collected from 3D reconstructions of computed tomography scans of 202 skeletally normal subjects between the ages of 1 and 19 years. This normative data is compared with preoperatively and postoperatively, two years following PSF, obtained 3D spine reconstructions of 36 Lenke-type 1, 2, and 5 subjects to quantitatively assess the deformity in each and evaluate vertebral remodeling following spine arthrodesis. Finally a method is developed to integrate the pediatric growth data for all vertebral structures into a growing FE model which is used to assess the impact of vertebral growth on a simulated PSF construct. In addition to improving FE models of the growing spine, the normative and Lenke-type-specific morphology data presented here can be used to optimize the timing and duration of growth modulating devices and develop novel techniques for the treatment of AIS.
Download or read book 3 dimensional Model of the Kinematics of the Human Spine written by Tsang Yeou Chen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neumann s Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System E Book written by Donald A. Neumann and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2024-02-14 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Physical Therapy** With a focus on the normal and abnormal mechanical interactions between the muscles and joints of the body, Neumann's Kinesiology of the Musculoskeletal System, 4th Edition provides a foundation for the practice of physical rehabilitation. This comprehensive, research-based core text explores kinesiology as it relates to physical rehabilitation in a clinically relevant and accessible manner. It presents the language of human movement — and acts as a bridge between basic science and clinical management. It helps clinicians effectively address the mechanical-based changes in movement across a person's lifespan, whether in the context of rehabilitation, recreation, or promotion of health and wellness. Full-color anatomic and kinesiologic illustrations clearly demonstrate the anatomy, functional movement, and biomechanical principles underlying movement and posture. An eBook version, included with print purchase, provides access to all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. The eBook included with print purchase also features multiple excellent videos of anatomic and kinesiologic principles, answers to study questions from the print book, and additional tables and figures. - Evidence-based approach emphasizes the importance of research in PT decision-making. - More than 900 high-quality illustrations provide visual accompaniments to clarify the material. - Clinical Connections boxes at the end of each chapter highlight or expand upon a particular clinical concept associated with the kinesiology covered in the chapter. - Special Focus boxes throughout the text provide numerous clinical examples to demonstrate why kinesiologic information is needed. - Critical thinking questions for selected chapters reinforce the main concepts. - UPDATED! Current, evidence-based content closes the gap in kinesiology and anatomy science with clinical practice. - NEW! Additional Special Focus boxes and Clinical Connections boxes present kinesiology in a clinical context. - UPDATED! Modified artwork and new figures visually reinforce key concepts. - NEW! An eBook version, included with print purchase, provides access to all the text, figures, and references, with the ability to search, customize content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud. It also features videos, answers to study questions from the print book, and additional tables and figures.
Download or read book Handbook of Human Motion written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Human Motion is a large cross-disciplinary reference work which covers the many interlinked facets of the science and technology of human motion and its measurement. Individual chapters cover fundamental principles and technological developments, the state-of-the-art and consider applications across four broad and interconnected fields; medicine, sport, forensics and animation. The huge strides in technological advancement made over the past century make it possible to measure motion with unprecedented precision, but also lead to new challenges. This work introduces the many different approaches and systems used in motion capture, including IR and ultrasound, mechanical systems and video, plus some emerging techniques. The large variety of techniques used for the study of motion science in medicine can make analysis a complicated process, but extremely effective for the treatment of the patient when well utilised. The handbook descri bes how motion capture techniques are applied in medicine, and shows how the resulting analysis can help in diagnosis and treatment. A closely related field, sports science involves a combination of in-depth medical knowledge and detailed understanding of performance and training techniques, and motion capture can play an extremely important role in linking these disciplines. The handbook considers which technologies are most appropriate in specific circumstances, how they are applied and how this can help prevent injury and improve sporting performance. The application of motion capture in forensic science and security is reviewed, with chapters dedicated to specific areas including employment law, injury analysis, criminal activity and motion/facial recognition. And in the final area of application, the book describes how novel motion capture techniques have been designed specifically to aid the creation of increasingly realistic animation within films and v ideo games, with Lord of the Rings and Avatar just two examples. Chapters will provide an overview of the bespoke motion capture techniques developed for animation, how these have influenced advances in film and game design, and the links to behavioural studies, both in humans and in robotics. Comprising a cross-referenced compendium of different techniques and applications across a broad field, the Handbook of Human Motion provides the reader with a detailed reference and simultaneously a source of inspiration for future work. The book will be of use to students, researchers, engineers and others working in any field relevant to human motion capture.
Download or read book The Use of Motion Analysis Technology as an Alternative Means of Assessing Spinal Deformity in Patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by Matthew John Solomito and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Three dimensional Deformity of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis and the Effects of Surgical Intervention written by Simon Andrew Wemyss-Holden and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Three dimensional Kinematic of the Trunk in Lateral Bending Motion written by Nader Farahpour and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of a Novel Non invasive Digital Clinical Assessment Tool and Its 3D Measurable Parameters for the Orthotic Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by Sun Hae Jang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is the most common of the types of idiopathic scoliosis (IS), which has three-dimensional (3D) deformities which occur in the vertebrae, spine and rib cage during the adolescent period. The aetiology is still unknown but it is hypothesized to be multi-factorial. Orthotic treatment is the most commonly used conservative treatment for AIS to prevent curve progression and surgical intervention. Among the three pathological features of AIS, the coronal misalignment pattern is the most studied area because the two-dimensional (2D) coronal PA radiographic image is the most utilized as the primary clinical assessment tool and employed for both diagnosis and outcome measurement of AIS deformities in scoliosis clinics. The sagittal misalignment patterns have been the most unknown area of study. Lack of available comprehensive knowledge about the deformities of AIS in 3D space may leave clinicians to make assumptions in treating AIS. This may influence the success rates of orthotic treatment which have been inconsistent and found to vary considerably. The literature review and the survey project of this thesis also showed that there are not enough universally agreed-upon principles to guide orthotists in the 3D orthotic treatment of AIS, which may also induce significant quality deviations for each scoliosis orthotic device system.
Download or read book The Effect of Vertebral Body Tethering on Spine Motion in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis written by Mina Maksimovic and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current gold standard for the surgical treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation (PSF); however, decreased normal spine function, strain on unfused vertebrae and pain have been suggested as long-term complications with this technique. Vertebral body tethering (VBT) is a novel and minimally invasive approach for scoliosis correction that does not involve fusion and may theoretically preserve spine motion. VBT involves the use of screws and a tether that are inserted thoracoscopically on the convexity of the spine curvature in skeletally immature patients, allowing progressive curve correction as skeletal maturity is achieved. No research to date has explored the effect of VBT on spine motion in AIS. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis was to retrospectively compare global and intersegmental spine range of motion in adolescents (9-18 years of age) without spine deformity, adolescents with untreated AIS, adolescents having undergone PSF, and adolescents having undergone VBT to gain insight on the effect of VBT on spine motion. Twenty participants were recruited into four groups including Control (n = 6), untreated AIS (n = 5), post-operative PSF (n = 4) and post-operative VBT (n = 5). Three-dimensional kinematics of the spine were collected and analyzed using an intersegmental spine model during constrained forward flexion, right-left lateral bending, and right-left axial twist movements. The PSF group displayed significantly lower spine ROM than the two non-operative groups during thoracic and total left axial twist (p ≤ 0.048), whereas thoracic and total spine range of motion during right-left lateral bending is almost equally lower in the PSF (p ≤ 0.03) and VBT (p ≤ 0.01) groups when compared to the Control and AIS groups. These results may suggest some preservation of spine motion in the transverse plane following VBT; however further investigation with a greater sample size and a prospective study design is needed to support and prove the theoretical preservation of spine motion following VBT.
Download or read book Validation and Application of a Three dimensional System for Spinal Kinematics written by Ali Abed Charri and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influences of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis on Three dimensional Kinematic of the Trunk in Lateral Bending Motion written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Within Day and Between Day Reliability Study on Three dimensional Gait Analysis of Pelvis Lumbar and Thoracic Spine Kinematics in Healthy Subjects written by Kastir Gul Kakakhel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement of Three dimensional Spine Motion written by Marie Shea Coffee and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Three Dimensional Finite Element Model to Study the Biomechanical and Kinematic Characteristics of the Human Lumbar Spine in Flexion written by Dhruv Jitesh Mehta and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the research was to develop a three-dimensional finite element model to study the biomechanical and kinematic characteristics of the human lumbar spine in flexion. An analytical model of the lumbar spine capable of taking into consideration the actual geometry, non-linear material properties and realistic loading would be of benefit in studying normal biomechanics, as well as in-vivo behavior in injured and surgically altered spines. Fundamental to this approach is an accurate model of the spine. This was achieved by modeling the lumbar segments L2-L4 from Computed Tomography (CT) data and analyzing them under loading conditions that best approximated the human lumbar segments in flexion. An in-vitro study was performed for validation of the finite element model. Human lumbar cadaveric spinal segments (L2-L4) were loaded based on test conditions similar to those defined in the finite element analysis. The results of the cadaver biomechanical study and finite element analysis were compared. The results suggest that the model is a valid approach to assessing the range of motion of the L3 segment under flexion. Rotation under lateral bending moments was additionally investigated to provide a thorough validation of the model.
