Download or read book Validation of an Evacuation Model Currently Under Development written by Adeline Pei Yin Teo and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evacuation Modeling Trends written by Arturo Cuesta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-17 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview of modeling definitions and concepts, theory on human behavior and human performance data, available tools and simulation approaches, model development, and application and validation methods. It considers the data and research efforts needed to develop and incorporate functions for the different parameters into comprehensive escape and evacuation simulations, with a number of examples illustrating different aspects and approaches. After an overview of basic modeling approaches, the book discusses benefits and challenges of current techniques. The representation of evacuees is a central issue, including human behavior and the proper implementation of representational tools. Key topics include the nature and importance of the different parameters involved in ASET and RSET and the interactions between them. A review of the current literature on verification and validation methods is provided, with a set of recommended verification tests and examples of validation tests. The book concludes with future challenges: new scenarios and factors for future model developments, addresses the problem of using deterministic and/or stochastic approaches and proposes, and discusses the use of evacuation models for supporting timely decisions in real-time. Written by international experts, Evacuation Modeling Trends is designed for those involved in safety, from emergency and intervention personnel to students, engineers and researchers.

Download or read book The Process of Verification and Validation of Building Fire Evacuation Models written by National Institute of Standards and Technology and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To date, there is no International standard on the methods and tests to assess the verification and validation (V&V) of building fire evacuation models, i.e., model testers adopt inconsistent procedures or tests designed for other model uses. For instance, the tests presented within the MSC/Circ.1238 Guidelines for evacuation analysis for new and existing passenger ships provided by the International Maritime Organization are often employed for the V&V of models outside their original context of use (building fires instead of maritime applications). This document discusses the main issues associated with the definition of a standard procedure for the V&V of building fire evacuation models. A review of the current procedures, tests (e.g. the MSC/Circ.1238 Guidelines), and methods available in the literature to assess the V&V of building evacuation models is provided. The capabilities of building evacuation models are evaluated studying their five main core components, namely 1) Pre-evacuation time, 2) Movement and Navigation, 3) Exit usage, 4) Route availability and 5) Flow constraints. A set of tests and recommendations about the verification of building evacuation models is proposed. Suggestions on simple qualitative validation tests are provided together with examples of experimental data-sets suitable for the analysis of different core components. The uncertainties associated with evacuation modelling are discussed. In particular, a method for the analysis of behavioural uncertainty (uncertainty due to the use of distributions or stochastic variables to simulate human behaviour in evacuation modelling) is presented. The method consists of a set of convergence criteria based on functional analysis. The last part of this document presents a discussion on the definition of the acceptance criteria for a standard V&V protocol.

Download or read book Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008 written by Wolfram W. F. Klingsch and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-11 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The international conference on "Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics", held on February 27-29, 2008 at Wuppertal University in Germany, was the fourth in this series after successful meetings in Duisburg (2001), Greenwich (2003) and Vienna (2005). The conference was aimed at improving the scientific exchange between scientists, experts and practitioners of various fields of pedestrian and evacuation dynamics and featured: the analysis of evacuation processes and pedestrian motion, modeling of pedestrian dynamics in various situations, experiments on pedestrian dynamics, human behavior research, regulatory action. All these topics are included in this book to give a broad and state-of-the-art overview of pedestrian and evacuation dynamics.

Download or read book Modeling Hurricane Evacuation Traffic written by Haoqiang Fu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Little attention has been given to estimating dynamic travel demand in transportation planning in the past. However, when factors influencing travel are changing significantly over time - such as with an approaching hurricane - dynamic demand and the resulting variation in traffic flow on the network become important. In this study, dynamic travel demand models for hurricane evacuation were developed with two methodologies: survival analysis and sequential choice model. Using survival analysis, the time before evacuation from a pending hurricane is modeled with those that do not evacuate considered as censored observations. A Cox proportional hazards regression model with time-dependent variables and a Piecewise Exponential model were estimated. In the sequential choice model, the decision to evacuate in the face of an oncoming hurricane is considered as a series of binary choices over time. A sequential logit model and a sequential complementary log-log model were developed. Each model is capable of predicting the probability of a household evacuating at each time period before hurricane landfall as a function of the household's socio-economic characteristics, the characteristics of the hurricane (such as distance to the storm), and policy decisions (such as the issuing of evacuation orders). Three datasets were used in this study. They were data from southwest Louisiana collected following Hurricane Andrew, data from South Carolina collected following Hurricane Floyd, and stated preference survey data collected from the New Orleans area. Based on the analysis, the sequential logit model was found to be the best alternative for modeling dynamic travel demand for hurricane evacuation. The sequential logit model produces predictions which are superior to those of the current evacuation participation rate models with response curves. Transfer of the sequential logit model estimated on the Floyd data to the Andrew data demonstrated that the sequential logit model is capable of estimating dynamic travel demand in a different environment than the one in which it was estimated with reasonable accuracy. However, more study is required on the transferability of models of this type, as well as the development of procedures that would allow the updating of transferred model parameters to better reflect local evacuation behavior.

Download or read book Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics written by Richard D. Peacock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-29 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An aging population, increasing obesity and more people with mobility impairments are bringing new challenges to the management of routine and emergency people movement in many countries. These population challenges, coupled with the innovative designs being suggested for both the built environment and other commonly used structures (e.g., transportation systems) and the increasingly complex incident scenarios of fire, terrorism, and large-scale community disasters, provide even greater challenges to population management and safety. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics, an edited volume, is based on the Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED) 5th International 2010 conference, March 8th-10th 2010, located at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA. This volume addresses both pedestrian and evacuation dynamics and associated human behavior to provide answers for policy makers, designers, and emergency management to help solve real world problems in this rapidly developing field. Data collection, analysis, and model development of people movement and behavior during nonemergency and emergency situations will be covered as well.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st International Conference in Safety and Crisis Management in the Construction Tourism and SME Sectors written by and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Further Validation of the BuildingEXODUS Evacuation Model Using the Tsukuba Dataset written by Steve Gwynne and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The buildingEXODUS (V1.1) evacuation model is described and attempts at model validation are presented. The data set used for the validation is the Tsukuba pavilion evacuation data. The sensitivity of the buildingEXODUS predictions to a range of variables and conditions is examined: exit flow capacity, occupant response times, the impact of external conditions on the developing evacuation.

Download or read book Effective Surveillance for Homeland Security written by Francesco Flammini and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective Surveillance for Homeland Security: Balancing Technology and Social Issues provides a comprehensive survey of state-of-the-art methods and tools for the surveillance and protection of citizens and critical infrastructures against natural and deliberate threats. Focusing on current technological challenges involving multi-disciplinary problem analysis and systems engineering approaches, it provides an overview of the most relevant aspects of surveillance systems in the framework of homeland security. Addressing both advanced surveillance technologies and the related socio-ethical issues, the book consists of 21 chapters written by international experts from the various sectors of homeland security. Part I, Surveillance and Society, focuses on the societal dimension of surveillance—stressing the importance of societal acceptability as a precondition to any surveillance system. Part II, Physical and Cyber Surveillance, presents advanced technologies for surveillance. It considers developing technologies that are part of a framework whose aim is to move from a simple collection and storage of information toward proactive systems that are able to fuse several information sources to detect relevant events in their early incipient phase. Part III, Technologies for Homeland Security, considers relevant applications of surveillance systems in the framework of homeland security. It presents real-world case studies of how innovative technologies can be used to effectively improve the security of sensitive areas without violating the rights of the people involved. Examining cutting-edge research topics, the book provides you with a comprehensive understanding of the technological, legislative, organizational, and management issues related to surveillance. With a specific focus on privacy, it presents innovative solutions to many of the issues that remain in the quest to balance security with the preservation of privacy that society demands.

Download or read book Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations for 1996 1996 budget justifications written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems written by Zhishen Wu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With rapid urbanization in developing countries and the emergence of smart systems and integrated intelligent devices, the new generation of infrastructure will be smarter and more efficient. However, due to natural and anthropomorphic hazards, as well as the adverse impact of climate change, civil infrastructure systems are increasingly vulnerable. Therefore, future-proofing and designing resilience into infrastructure is one of the biggest challenges facing the industry and governments in all developing and industrialized societies. This book provides a comprehensive overview of infrastructure resiliency, new developments in this emerging field and its scopes, including ecology and sustainability, and the challenges involved in building more resilient civil infrastructure systems. Moreover, it introduces a strategic roadmap for effective and efficient methods needed for modeling, designing, and assessing resiliency. Features: Includes contributions from internationally recognized scholars in the emerging field of infrastructure resilience. Covers a broad range of topics in infrastructure resilience such as disaster assessment, civil infrastructure and lifeline systems, natural hazard mitigation, and seismic protection. Includes practical global case studies and leading-edge research from several countries. Presents an interdisciplinary approach in addressing the challenges in the emerging field of infrastructure resilience Resilience of Critical Infrastructure Systems: Emerging Developments and Future Challenges serves as a valuable resource for practicing professionals, researchers, and advanced students seeking practical, forward-looking guidance.

Download or read book Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2012 written by Ulrich Weidmann and published by Springer Science & Business. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 1380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 6th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (PED2012) showcased research on human locomotion. This book presents the proceedings of PED2012. Humans have walked for eons; our drive to settle the globe began with a walk out of Africa. However, much remains to discover. As the world moves toward sustainability while racing to assess and accommodate climate change, research must provide insight on the physical requirements of walking, the dynamics of pedestrians on the move and more. We must understand, predict and simulate pedestrian behaviour, to avoid dangerous situations, to plan for emergencies, and not least, to make walking more attractive and enjoyable. PED2012 offered 70 presentations and keynote talks as well as 70 poster presentations covering new and improved mathematical models, describing new insights on pedestrian behaviour in normal and emergency cases and presenting research based on sensors and advanced observation methods. These papers offer a starting point for innovative new research, building a strong foundation for the next conference and for future research.

Download or read book Decision Making Support Systems Achievements and Challenges for the New Decade written by Mora, Manuel and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2002-07-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation The book presents state-of-the-art knowledge about decision-making support systems (DMSS). Its main goals are to provide a compendium of quality chapters on decision-making support systems that help diffuse scarce knowledge about effective methods and strategies for successfully designing, developing, implementing, and evaluating decision-making support systems, and to create an awareness among readers about the relevance of decision-making support systems in the current complex and dynamic management environment.

Download or read book Multi agent Systems for Traffic and Transportation Engineering written by and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book aims at giving a complete panorama of the active and promising crossing area between traffic engineering and multi-agent system addressing both current status and challenging new ideas"--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book Advances in Artificial Intelligence IBERAMIA 2012 written by Juan Pavón and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-15 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th Ibero-American Conference on Artificial Intelligence, IBERAMIA 2012, held in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, in November 2012. The 75 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 170 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on knowledge representation and reasoning, information and knowledge processing, knowledge discovery and data mining, machine learning, bio-inspired computing, fuzzy systems, modelling and simulation, ambient intelligence, multi-agent systems, human-computer interaction, natural language processing, computer vision and robotics, planning and scheduling, AI in education, and knowledge engineering and applications.

Download or read book Proceedings of Seventh International Congress on Information and Communication Technology written by Xin-She Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-11 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the Seventh International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, held at Brunel University, London, on February 21–24, 2022. It discusses emerging topics pertaining to information and communication technology (ICT) for managerial applications, e-governance, e-agriculture, e-education and computing technologies, the Internet of Things (IoT) and e-mining. Written by respected experts and researchers working on ICT, the book offers a valuable asset for young researchers involved in advanced studies. The work is presented in four volumes.

Download or read book Multi Agent Based Simulation XII written by Daniel Villatoro and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-02-27 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Multi-Agent-Based Simulation, MABS 2011, held in Taipei, Taiwan, in May 2011. The 10 revised selected and extended papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 21 submissions. The topics covered are MABS in scientometrics; MABS in politics, transit and policy; pedestrian, crowds and large scale MABS; and MABS modeling.