Download or read book Utilization of a Microstructure Sensitive Fatigue Model for Additively Manufactured Ti 6Al 4V written by Brian Anthony Torries and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The trustworthiness of AM metallic materials is not well characterized. Therefore, fatigue models that consider the unique microstructure and porosity inherent to AM parts are needed. Herein, a microstructure-based fatigue model is calibrated for use in predicting fatigue life of additively manufactured (AM) Ti-6Al-4V. Various Ti6Al-4V samples, with variations in porosity, were fabricated using Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS), a Direct Laser Deposition method. LENS samples in the as-built and heat treated conditions, together with wrought Ti-6Al-4V samples, underwent fatigue testing, as well as microstructure and fractographic inspection. The collected microstructure/defect statistics were used for calibrating a microstructure-sensitive fatigue model. LENS Ti-6Al-4V sample fatigue lives were found to be consistently less than those of the wrought Ti-6Al-4V samples, due to the presence of pores/defects within the LENS material. Results further indicate that fatigue life predictions from the employed model were in close agreement with experimental results.

Download or read book Integrating Temperature Dependence Into a Microstructure sensitive Fatigue Model for Titanium Alloys written by Jared Michael Darius and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work seeks to integrate temperature dependence into a microstructure-sensitive fatigue model for titanium alloys produced by both extrusion and electron beam melting (EBM) additive manufacturing, revising and enhancing the MultiStage Fatigue (MSF) model as the foundational model framework. Traditional fatigue modeling has required design engineers to conservatively use a lower-bound estimate of fatigue life predictions given a statistically significant spread of experimental data that can span up to two or sometimes three orders of magnitude for a given test condition. This variation in fatigue data has since been accounted for with the advent of the MSF model, linking individual microstructures to their influence on fatigue life in three distinct stages: incubation, small crack growth, and long crack growth. Since the inception of the MSF model in 2003 by McDowell et al. [1] where it was applied to a cast aluminum alloy, its application has been expanded to a wide range of aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, steels, polymers, and even one titanium alloy made by laser engineered net shaping (LENS). The MSF model correlates a set of parameters to unify model constants for a given material chemistry across a range of alloys and processing methods. Currently, the Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) alloy is being implemented in aircraft and spacecraft as a corrosion-resistant lightweight structural metal with good strength retention at elevated temperatures. However, the MSF model lacks any temperature dependence. Therefore, this work integrates a temperature dependence to the MSF model for the first time, applying the model to the Ti64 alloy in two new processing methods. First the microstructure of both materials is characterized. Next, monotonic and fatigue experiments are conducted with both extruded and EBM Ti64 at room temperature and at elevated temperatures (150, 300, and 500 °C). Subsequent fractographic analysis reveals the most deleterious microstructures and failure mecha

Download or read book Fatigue in Additive Manufactured Metals written by Filippo Berto and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-09-20 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue in Additive Manufactured Metals provides a brief overview of the fundamental mechanics involved in metal fatigue and fracture, assesses the unique properties of additive manufactured metals, and provides an in-depth exploration of how and why fatigue occurs in additive manufactured metals. Additional sections cover solutions for preventing it, best-practice design methods, and more. The book recommends cutting-edge evidence-based approaches for designing longer lasting additive manufactured metals, discusses the latest trends in the field and the various aspects of low cycle fatigue, and looks at both post-treatment and manufacturing process-based solutions. By providing international standards and testing procedures of additive manufactured metal parts and discussing the environmental impacts of additive manufacturing of metals and outlining simulation and modeling scenarios, this book is an ideal resource for users in industry. - Discusses the underlying mechanisms controlling the fatigue behavior of additive manufactured metal components as well as how to improve the fatigue life of these components via both manufacturing processes and post-processing - Studies the variability of properties in additive manufactured metals, the effects of different process conditions on mechanical reliability, probabilistic versus deterministic aspects, and more - Outlines nondestructive failure analysis techniques and highlights the effects of unique microstructural characteristics on fatigue in additive manufactured metals

Download or read book Deformation mechanism Maps written by H. J. Frost and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1982 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Illuminating the Mechanisms that Control the Fatigue Performance of Additively Manufactured Ti 6Al 4V written by Peipei Li and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation composes three papers detailing work intended to examine the mechanisms that control the failure of additively manufactured (AM) metallic materials. All studies aim at developing models to predict the fatigue performance of AM Ti-6Al-4V utilizing computational tools, and ultimately to realize a predictive process-structure-performance modeling framework. First, a thorough literature review was conducted to catalog and analyze the published fatigue performance data of AM Ti-6Al-4V. Comparing to traditionally manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, the key features that control fatigue performance of AM parts are the same as the ones governing traditional cast and wrought, i.e. surface finish, residual stress, build defects and microstructure. Second, possible mechanisms by which hot isostatic pressing (HIP) improves the high cycle fatigue performance of powder bed fused (PBF) Ti-6Al-4V were examined. The results suggest that HIP may act most significantly by decreasing the fraction of the defect population that can initiate fatigue cracks, both by decreasing defect sizes below a threshold and by changing the microstructure around defects, the latter of which is confirmed by an electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) study. The gained understanding is used to provide initial guidance on the choice of optimum HIP parameter via a continuum mechanics model. Third, to understand the role of geometry on the fatigue performance of as-built laser PBF Ti-6Al-4V, two sets of specimens only differing in gage surface area were fabricated. A significant difference in fatigue performance was observed between these two geometries. Possible origins of the observed difference, such as surface roughness, microstructure, build defects, and mechanical interactions between fatigue cracks and the specimen geometry, were investigated. A weakest link approach with X-ray CT measurements of build defects in the two geometries was able to capture the geometric effect on the fatigue performance, consistent with the experimental data. To attempt to link the defect populations with the thermal histories resulting from the different geometries, a linear heat conduction thermal model was performed. Lastly, a predictive model framework that links the material properties from the witness coupon data with the fatigue performance of structural components was developed to facilitate the qualification and certification of PBF technique in safety critical loading bearing applications. Focusing on a PBF aircraft link component, a simple deterministic model was first developed. A probabilistic fatigue model was then constructed to predict both the median trend and variability of the fatigue life of the link component, taking both the populations of fatigue crack initiation sites and the full stress field from finite element (FE) simulations as inputs. Both models under-predicted the median fatigue life of the link component, which we hypothesize to be due to the overestimation of the multiaxial fatigue indicator. The predicted variability of the fatigue life of the probabilistic model showed good agreement with the experiments. In addition, the effect of crack initiation site density on the fatigue performance of the link component was also examined with the probabilistic model.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys written by Bhaskar Dutta and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2016-06-17 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additive Manufacturing of Titanium Alloys: State of the Art, Challenges and Opportunities provides alternative methods to the conventional approach for the fabrication of the majority of titanium components produced via the cast and wrought technique, a process which involves a considerable amount of expensive machining. In contrast, the Additive Manufacturing (AM) approach allows very close to final part configuration to be directly fabricated minimizing machining cost, while achieving mechanical properties at least at cast and wrought levels. In addition, the book offers the benefit of significant savings through better material utilization for parts with high buy-to-fly ratios (ratio of initial stock mass to final part mass before and after manufacturing). As titanium additive manufacturing has attracted considerable attention from both academicians and technologists, and has already led to many applications in aerospace and terrestrial systems, as well as in the medical industry, this book explores the unique shape making capabilities and attractive mechanical properties which make titanium an ideal material for the additive manufacturing industry. - Includes coverage of the fundamentals of microstructural evolution in titanium alloys - Introduces readers to the various Additive Manufacturing Technologies, such as Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) and Directed Energy Deposition (DED) - Looks at the future of Titanium Additive Manufacturing - Provides a complete review of the science, technology, and applications of Titanium Additive Manufacturing (AM)

Download or read book Machine Learning Algorithm for Fatigue Fields in Additive Manufacturing written by Mustafa Mamduh Mustafa Awd and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatigue failure of structures used in transportation, industry, medical equipment, and electronic components needs to build a link between cutting-edge experimental characterization and probabilistically grounded numerical and artificially intelligent tools. The physics involved in this process chain is computationally prohibitive to comprehend using traditional computation methods. Using machine learning and Bayesian statistics, a defect-correlated estimate of fatigue strength was developed. Fatigue, which is a random variable, is studied in a Bayesian-based machine learning algorithm. The stress-life model was used based on the compatibility condition of life and load distributions. The defect-correlated assessment of fatigue strength was established using the proposed machine learning and Bayesian statistics algorithms. It enabled the mapping of structural and process-induced fatigue characteristics into a geometry-independent load density chart across a wide range of fatigue regimes.

Download or read book Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium written by Vasisht Venkatesh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 4024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium.

Download or read book Titanium written by Matthew J. Donachie and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2000 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to support the need of engineering, management, and other professionals for information on titanium by providing an overview of the major topics, this book provides a concise summary of the most useful information required to understand titanium and its alloys. The author provides a review of the significant features of the metallurgy and application of titanium and its alloys. All technical aspects of the use of titanium are covered, with sufficient metals property data for most users. Because of its unique density, corrosion resistance, and relative strength advantages over competing materials such as aluminum, steels, and superalloys, titanium has found a niche in many industries. Much of this use has occurred through military research, and subsequent applications in aircraft, of gas turbine engines, although more recent use features replacement joints, golf clubs, and bicycles.Contents include: A primer on titanium and its alloys, Introduction to selection of titanium alloys, Understanding titanium's metallurgy and mill products, Forging and forming, Castings, Powder metallurgy, Heat treating, Joining technology and practice, Machining, Cleaning and finishing, Structure/processing/property relationships, Corrosion resistance, Advanced alloys and future directions, Appendices: Summary table of titanium alloys, Titanium alloy datasheets, Cross-reference to titanium alloys, Listing of selected specification and standardization organizations, Selected manufacturers, suppliers, services, Corrosion data, Machining data.

Download or read book Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications written by Francis Froes and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium in Medical and Dental Applications is an essential reference book for those involved in biomedical materials and advanced metals. Written by well-known experts in the field, it covers a broad array of titanium uses, including implants, instruments, devices, the manufacturing processes used to create them, their properties, corrosion resistance and various fabrication approaches. Biomedical titanium materials are a critically important part of biomaterials, especially in cases where non-metallic biomedical materials are not suited to applications, such as the case of load-bearing implants. The book also covers the use of titanium for implants in the medical and dental fields and reviews the use of titanium for medical instruments and devices. - Provides an understanding of the essential and broad applications of Titanium in both the medical and dental industries - Discusses the pathways to manufacturing titanium into critical biomedical and dental devices - Includes insights into further applications within the industry

Download or read book Metal Fatigue Effects of Small Defects and Nonmetallic Inclusions written by Yukitaka Murakami and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-29 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal fatigue is an essential consideration for engineers and researchers who are looking at factors that cause metals to fail through stress, corrosion, etc. This is an English translation of a book originally published in Japan in 1993, with an additional two chapters on the fatigue failure of steels and the effect of surface roughness on fatigue strength. The methodology is based on important and reliable results and may be usefully applied to other fatigue problems not directly treated in this book.

Download or read book Titanium Alloys written by Maciej Motyka and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2019-11-27 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Titanium alloys, due to unique physical and chemical properties (mainly high relative strength combined with very good corrosion resistance), are considered as an important structural metallic material used in hi-tech industries (e.g. aerospace, space technology). This book provides information on new manufacturing and processing methods of single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The eight chapters of this book are distributed over four sections. The first section (Introduction) indicates the main factors determining application areas of titanium and its alloys. The second section (Manufacturing, two chapters) concerns modern production methods for titanium and its alloys. The third section (Thermomechanical and surface treatment, three chapters) covers problems of thermomechanical processing and surface treatment used for single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The fourth section (Machining, two chapters) describes the recent results of high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the possibility of application of sustainable machining for titanium alloys.

Download or read book Microstructure Sensitive Design for Performance Optimization written by Brent L. Adams and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The accelerating rate at which new materials are appearing, and transforming the engineering world, only serves to emphasize the vast potential for novel material structure and related performance. Microstructure Sensitive Design for Performance Optimization (MSDPO) embodies a new methodology for systematic design of material microstructure to meet the requirements of design in optimal ways. Intended for materials engineers and researchers in industry, government and academia as well as upper level undergraduate and graduate students studying material science and engineering, MSDPO provides a novel mathematical framework that facilitates a rigorous consideration of the material microstructure as a continuous design variable in the field of engineering design. - Presents new methods and techniques for analysis and optimum design of materials at the microstructure level - Authors' methodology introduces spectral approaches not available in previous texts, such as the incorporation of crystallographic orientation as a variable in the design of engineered components with targeted elastic properties - Numerous illustrations and examples throughout the text help readers grasp the concepts

Download or read book Metallography Principles and Practice written by George F. Vander Voort and published by ASM International. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work offers a comprehensive source of information on metallographic techniques and their application to the study of metals, ceramics, and polymers. It contains an extensive collection of micro- and macrographs.

Download or read book Investigating and Modeling the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured High Strength Alloys written by Ala'aldin Alafaghani and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser-based powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing method that fabricates parts layer by layer by fusing the raw material powder using laser as the energy source. Originally, LPBF was used for rapid prototyping due to its capability to fabricate prototypes whenever changes are introduced to the concept CAD model without lead-time or the need to modify the fabrication line. Due to the inferior mechanical properties such as strength and stiffness of the fabricated parts compared to conventionally manufactured parts, and the limited options of materials, additive manufacturing was not used to fabricate end user functional parts. However, the recent developments in the last decade such as the introduction of high-power lasers with more compatible wavelengths, and higher quality raw materials, provide the opportunity to produce functional parts with high mechanical properties. Currently, LPBF is capable of producing parts with near full relative density. However, these parts still suffer from high anisotropy, defects, residual stresses, and inferior tensile strength, and fatigue life. This dissertation investigates different approaches to render the manufacturing of load-bearing metallic parts using LPBF more effective and reliable. The work presented focuses on two alloys, 15-5PH stainless steel and Inconel 718, due to their comparability with LPBF and their use in aerospace and automotive industries where additive manufacturing can be used cost-effectively. The microstructure and mechanical properties of LPBF parts are highly sensitive to the processing parameters during fabrication and post-processing. Metallic parts are sensitive to the laser power, laser scanning speed, hatch spacing, powder layer thickness, and the orientation of the part during fabrication. Several studies investigated the effect of the processing parameters on the relative density and mechanical properties of LPBF parts. It was found that the set of processing parameters required to obtain high relative density is usually different than the set of processing parameters required to optimize the mechanical properties. To achieve the full potential of LPBF parts this work aims at optimizing the microstructure and mechanical properties of parts fabricated with the set of processing parameters that maximizes the relative density of the part. Therefore, the first objective of this dissertation is to characterize the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-fabricated LPBF parts at room and elevated temperatures. The second objective is to develop and investigate different post-processing heat treatments that aim to homogenize the microstructure, improve the reliability of the parts, and identify the treatments that have the potential to improve fatigue strength and life. Finally, the last objective of this dissertation is to develop predictive models that assist in estimating the effect of different heat treatments on the mechanical properties of LPBF produce parts. A hybrid approach of physical and data-based derived models was used to evaluate the influence of post-processing heat treatment on the tensile strength of additively manufactured Inconel 718.

Download or read book Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Methods written by Franz Roters and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by the leading experts in computational materials science, this handy reference concisely reviews the most important aspects of plasticity modeling: constitutive laws, phase transformations, texture methods, continuum approaches and damage mechanisms. As a result, it provides the knowledge needed to avoid failures in critical systems udner mechanical load. With its various application examples to micro- and macrostructure mechanics, this is an invaluable resource for mechanical engineers as well as for researchers wanting to improve on this method and extend its outreach.

Download or read book Additive Manufacturing of Metals The Technology Materials Design and Production written by Li Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique guide to the three-dimensional (3D) printing of metals. It covers various aspects of additive, subtractive, and joining processes used to form three-dimensional parts with applications ranging from prototyping to production. Examining a variety of manufacturing technologies and their ability to produce both prototypes and functional production-quality parts, the individual chapters address metal components and discuss some of the important research challenges associated with the use of these technologies. As well as exploring the latest technologies currently under development, the book features unique sections on electron beam melting technology, material lifting, and the importance this science has in the engineering context. Presenting unique real-life case studies from industry, this book is also the first to offer the perspective of engineers who work in the field of aerospace and transportation systems, and who design components and manufacturing networks. Written by the leading experts in this field at universities and in industry, it provides a comprehensive textbook for students and an invaluable guide for practitioners