Download or read book Using Thermal Tracers to Determine Fall run Chinook Spawning Site Selection Preferences on the Lower American River California USA written by Michael Edward O'Connor and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal tracers were used to characterize two adjacent salmonid spawning habitat sites on the Lower American River: a natural spawning feature heavily used by fall-run Chinook salmon and a less utilized site that was enhanced with spawning gravels. A network of monitoring wells were installed at the sites to monitor stream and subsurface water temperatures coupled with pressure to determine subsurface flow characteristics. Data was qualitatively analyzed to investigate differences in subsurface flow paths using temperature gradients. Additionally, hydraulic conductivity and seepage discharge values were estimated at the monitoring wells using 1DTempPro, a recently developed graphical user interface for VS2DH that facilitates the one-dimensional energy transport model. Qualitative and quantitative results show clear differences between the two study sites. The natural spawning site showed more temperature variation with depth from surface water temperature while the enhanced site's subsurface temperatures closely followed stream temperature variations. Furthermore, estimated hydraulic conductivity and specific discharge values at the natural site were one to two orders of magnitude lower than those estimated at the enhanced spawning site. Specific discharge values also showed a mix of upwelling and downwelling conditions at the natural spawning site while downwelling dominated the enhanced spawning site. Qualitative and quantitative results suggest spawning fall-run Chinook salmon in the Lower American River prefer spawning features that have a mix of downwelling and upwelling flow conditions with relatively lower hydraulic conductivity values which allow adequate mixing of groundwater and surface water in the subsurface. These conditions create a temperature signal in the shallow subsurface that is distinctly different than the surface water temperature signal. This study also shows the utility of employing heat as a tracer to characterize spawning features in streams. Spawning habitat enhancement projects are likely to increase in the future in response to salmonid population vulnerability in rivers. Therefore, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of habitat quality before and after project completion is crucial for improving this restoration technique. Thermal tracers provide a relatively simple, low-cost, low-maintenance method for determining key habitat characteristics over long time scales and at potentially high spatial resolutions.

Download or read book Straying of Late Fall run Chinook Salmon from the Coleman National Fish Hatchery Into the Lower American River California written by Gina R. Lasko and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) are generally anadromous fishes that spawn in fresh water. When young salmon have grown and matured to what is called the smolt stage (ocean ready), they move into the ocean to mature and grow into adulthood. When they have reached sexual maturity, they return to fresh water to spawn and then die. Salmon typically home to their natal streams when returning to fresh water to spawn. Straying, however, is a natural behavior for a small fraction of individuals in a population, and may even have an adaptive advantage under some circumstances. Straying can also occur as a result of various factors including natural habitat disruption, modification of the watershed, or human intervention in salmonid reproduction. In the winter of 2006/2007, tens of thousands of late-fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) reared in the Coleman National Fish Hatchery, a US Fish and Wildlife Service facility on Battle Creek in the upper Sacramento River basin, were released at several downstream locations as part of a Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta survival study. Two years later, in the winter of 2008/2009, at the end of the annual Department of Fish and Game lower American River escapement survey for fall-run Chinook salmon, a new pulse of fish was found to be spawning in the American River. These fish turned out to be stray late-fall-run Chinook salmon from the Coleman National Fish Hatchery, spawning in the American River where the fall-run Chinook salmon were completing their spawning run. Late-fall-run Chinook salmon have not been known to spawn in the American River and understanding the reason for this unusual behavior was the basis for this project. Currently the only run of Chinook salmon in the lower American River is the fall-run. The Department does not want late-fall-run Chinook salmon to establish themselves in the river because of potential disruption of fall-run Chinook salmon nest success due to an overlap in run timing, potential interbreeding, and limited available spawning habitat. This study was based on the hypothesis that salmon released in close proximity to the mouth of the American River are more likely to stray into the river during their return spawning migration than fish released farther from the river's mouth. Coded-wire tag inland return data from for the 2006 brood year of late-fall-run Chinook collected from 2007/2008 through 2010/2011 were used for this study. The tags were collected primarily from salmon found during river escapement surveys and those that returned to hatcheries in the Sacramento River watershed. The return data were analyzed using Chi-square statistical analyses to determine if there was a difference in the number of salmon straying into the American River with respect to the distance they were released from the mouth of that river, and a Spearman noncollated rank analysis was used to describe the overall relationship between release distance from the American River and percent straying into the river. Results indicated that straying did increase with proximity of release location to the mouth of the American River and with respect to downstream releases in general. No salmon released in the vicinity of the Coleman National Fish Hatchery were recovered in the lower American River. This study indicates that release location should be carefully evaluated if future downstream releases are conducted by Sacramento River watershed hatcheries.

Download or read book Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawning Stocks in California sic Central Valley written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Habitat Preference Criteria for Fall run Chinook Salmon Holding Spawning and Rearing in the Stanislaus River California written by Michael E. Aceituno and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawning Stocks in California s Central Valley written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Chinook King Salmon Spawning Stocks in California s Central Valley written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fall Chinook Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha written by Jim Waldvogel and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Age analysis for 22 years (1980 excluded) showed that the overall percentages for female spawners was 53% (4-year olds), 38% (3-year olds), and 9% (5-year olds). The age composition of male spawners showed a high degree of variability throughout the study. Male chinook of age 2, 3 and 4 were dominant annually, but 5- and 6- year old fish were present in most spawning seasons. All chinook carcasses from which scales were collected were also measured for length (over 120 samples in 22 years). Decreases in mean length were documented for all age classes for each of the El Nino episodes that occurred during the study (1982-1984; 1992-1993; 1997-1998). The decreases in mean length appeared to carry forward for each cohort's age class. The total number of chinook redds was tabulated by counting "fresh" redds during weekly spawning surveys. The mean number of redds was 117 for the 23-year period with a mean of 0.9 redds per adult salmon or 1.8 redds per female.

Download or read book Winter run Chinook Salmon in the Sacramento River California with Notes on Water Temperature Requirements at Spawning written by William J. McNeil and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Winter run Chinook Salmon in the Sacramento River California with Notes on Water Temperature Requirements at Spawning written by Daniel W. Slater and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning in the Columbia River Near Hanford 1947 1969 written by D. G. Watson and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Upstream Passage Spawning and Stock Identification of Fall Chinook in the Snake River 1992 and 1993 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This final report of the 3-year study summarizes activities and results for 1993. Study objectives were to: (1) determine the source of losses (or accounting errors) for adult chinook salmon between Ice Harbor Dam (IHR) and Lower Granite Dam (LGR), and upstream of LGR in the Snake River; (2) identify spawning locations upstream of LGR for calibration of aerial redd surveys, redd habitat mapping, carcass recovery for genetic stock profile analysis, and correction of estimated adult/redd ratios; and (3) estimate passage and migration times at Snake River. 200 fall chinook salmon were radio tagged and tracked with aerial, fixed-site, and ground mobile tracking. Fish were released upstream of IHR at Charbonneau Park (CHAR). 190 of the fish were tracked or relocated away from CHAR. 59 fish descended to below IHR without crossing Lower Monumental Dam (LMO). Another 128 salmon passed upstream of LMO without falling back at IHR. Only 80 salmon passed Little Goose Dam (LGO) without falling back at a downstream dam; 66 of these fish passed LGR. Many fish that fell back reascended the dams. A total of 72 salmon released at CHAR passed upstream of LGR, including fish that had fallen back and reascended a dam. Over 80 percent of the salmon that entered Lyons Ferry Hatchery each year had reached LGO before descending to the hatchery. Extensive wandering was documented between LMO and upstream of LGR before salmon entered Lyons Ferry Hatchery or the Tucannon River. In 1993, 41 salmon were found to be of hatchery origin when recovered. These fish entered Lyons Ferry Hatchery with similar movements to unmarked salmon. Each year a few salmon have remained near the hatchery without entering, which suggests the hatchery may have inadequate attraction flows. Fall chinook passed lower Snake River dams in 2-5 days each on average. Median travel times through LMO and LGO were 1.0-1.3 days each, which was slower than for spring chinook or steelhead in 1993. 5 refs., 21 figs., 20 tabs.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Migration in Fishes written by James D. McCleave and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last major synthesis of our knowledge of fish migration and the underlying transport and guidance phenomena, both physical and biological, was "Fish Migration" published 16 years ago by F.R. Harden Jones (1968). That synthesis was based largely upon what could be gleaned by classical fishery-biology techni.ques, such as tagging and recapture studies, commercial fishing statistics, and netting and trapping studies. Despite the fact that Harden Jones also provided, with a good deal of thought and speculation, a theoretical basis for studying the various aspects of fish migration and migratory orientation, progress in this field has been, with a few excepti.ons, piecemeal and more disjointed than might have been expected. Thus we welcomed the approach from the NATO Marine Sciences Programme Panel and the encouragement from F.R. Harden Jones to develop a proprosal for, and ultimately to organize, a NATO Advanced Research Institute (ARI) on mechanisms of fish migration. Substantial progress had been made with descriptive, analytical and predictive approaches to fish migration since the appearance of "Fish ~ligration." Both because of the progress and the often conflicting results of research, we felt that the time was again right and the effort justified to synthesize and to critically assess our knowledge. Our ultimate aim was to identify the gains and shortcomings and to develop testable hypotheses for the next decade or two.

Download or read book The Ecology of Humboldt Bay California written by Roger A. Barnhart and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Methods in Stream Ecology written by F. Richard Hauer and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 894 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods in Stream Ecology, Second Edition, provides a complete series of field and laboratory protocols in stream ecology that are ideal for teaching or conducting research. This updated edition reflects recent advances in the technology associated with ecological assessment of streams, including remote sensing. In addition, the relationship between stream flow and alluviation has been added, and a new chapter on riparian zones is also included. The book features exercises in each chapter; detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students; and taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae. With a student-friendly price, this book is key for all students and researchers in stream and freshwater ecology, freshwater biology, marine ecology, and river ecology. This text is also supportive as a supplementary text for courses in watershed ecology/science, hydrology, fluvial geomorphology, and landscape ecology. Exercises in each chapter Detailed instructions, illustrations, formulae, and data sheets for in-field research for students Taxanomic keys to common stream invertebrates and algae Link from Chapter 22: FISH COMMUNITY COMPOSITION to an interactive program for assessing and modeling fish numbers

Download or read book Battle Creek Salmon and Steelhead Restoration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Diversity of Fishes written by Gene Helfman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-03 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of The Diversity of Fishes represents a major revision of the world’s most widely adopted ichthyology textbook. Expanded and updated, the second edition is illustrated throughout with striking color photographs depicting the spectacular evolutionary adaptations of the most ecologically and taxonomically diverse vertebrate group. The text incorporates the latest advances in the biology of fishes, covering taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, biogeography, ecology, and behavior. A new chapter on genetics and molecular ecology of fishes has been added, and conservation is emphasized throughout. Hundreds of new and redrawn illustrations augment readable text, and every chapter has been revised to reflect the discoveries and greater understanding achieved during the past decade. Written by a team of internationally-recognized authorities, the first edition of The Diversity of Fishes was received with enthusiasm and praise, and incorporated into ichthyology and fish biology classes around the globe, at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels. The second edition is a substantial update of an already classic reference and text. Companion resources site This book is accompanied by a resources site: www.wiley.com/go/helfman The site is being constantly updated by the author team and provides: · Related videos selected by the authors · Updates to the book since publication · Instructor resources · A chance to send in feedback

Download or read book Stock Identification Methods written by Steven X. Cadrin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-04 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stock Identification Methods, 2e, continues to provide a comprehensive review of the various disciplines used to study the population structure of fishery resources. It represents the worldwide experience and perspectives of experts on each method, assembled through a working group of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. The book is organized to foster interdisciplinary analyses and conclusions about stock structure, a crucial topic for fishery science and management. Technological advances have promoted the development of stock identification methods in many directions, resulting in a confusing variety of approaches. Based on central tenets of population biology and management needs, this valuable resource offers a unified framework for understanding stock structure by promoting an understanding of the relative merits and sensitivities of each approach. Describes 18 distinct approaches to stock identification grouped into sections on life history traits, environmental signals, genetic analyses, and applied marks Features experts' reviews of benchmark case studies, general protocols, and the strengths and weaknesses of each identification method Reviews statistical techniques for exploring stock patterns, testing for differences among putative stocks, stock discrimination, and stock composition analysis Focuses on the challenges of interpreting data and managing mixed-stock fisheries