Download or read book Using Laws Enforcement and Sanctions to Increase Seat Belt Use on Rural Roads written by Kimberly J. Vachal and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seat belt use on rural roads is especially important due to the relatively high risk for injury compared to urban areas. In the northern plains, where nearly 90% of travel occurs on rural roads, addressing this issue is particularly critical. A cohort group of 32 states was used to study seat belt use on rural roads. Means tests and regression models were designed to identify influential factors in state-level seat belt use rates as well as individual driver seat belt decisions. Results show state-level seat belt use rates are inversely related to the share of annual miles traveled on rural roads. Higher citation rates are positively related to seat belt use in the case of state-level rates. Fatal crash event analysis shows that higher shares of urban population in the state where the crash occurred increases likelihood for seat belt use. Primary enforcement is associated with a 14% greater probability for seat belt use among cohort drivers. Higher fines also have a significant influence. Cohort drivers were 21% less likely to be belted when fines were $20 or less. This effect is more pronounced in primary states than secondary states. Drivers in those states are 36% less likely to be wearing seat belts when fines are at $20 or less. Findings also show that increased driver compliance with seat belt laws in secondary states is influenced by enforcement intensity -- drivers were 18% more likely to be belted in states with high enforcement activity. Among drinking drivers and young adults, primary enforcement produces a substantial increase in likelihood a driver was belted. Findings will be useful in promoting more efficient seat belt interventions for rural areas based on alignment with state and local driver characteristics.
Download or read book The Impact of Legislation Enforcement and Sanctions on Safety Belt Use written by James L. Nichols and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2008 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background -- Legislation -- Enforcement -- Sanctions -- Conclusions and discussions -- References -- Appendices.
Download or read book Standard Enforcement Saves Lives written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Motor Vehicle Safety Comprehensive State Programs Offer Best Opportunity for Increasing Use of Safety Belts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Seatbelt Use on North Dakota Rural Roads 2009 written by Kimberly J. Vachal and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North Dakota's rural roads are vital social and economic connectors. These roads, however, are associated with relatively high crash injury risk. While a multitude of efforts is underway to reduce crash risk through road improvements and vehicle technology, seat belts offer an immediate and low-cost protection that can reduce occupant crash injury risk by half. To increase knowledge about seat belt use on these roads, a pilot observation study was conducted around the time of the state's annual seat belt campaign. Observations showed a 44.8% rural roads use rate. Because of the higher relative risk and disparate use rates, it may be more informative to consider the use rates by road environment. Statewide rural seat belt use rates of 55.2% and 35.6% were estimated on highways and in towns, respectively, based on 6,919 driver observations. Results showed higher use among female drivers than male, and that the lowest use rate was among male pickup truck drivers. Evidence from post and ex ante surveys showed promise for increasing seat belt use on rural roads by involving local sheriff and police departments in high visibility enforcement. This pilot project creates a building point for increasing knowledge and strengthening programs through empirical analysis of rural seat belt use rates. The value of this pilot will be determined by future work that reduces crash injury and death by knowledge gained in extending and expanding the empirical analysis initiated by this endeavor.
Download or read book Program Strategies for Increasing Safety Belt Usage in Rural Areas written by Steven L. Bradbard and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Achieving a High Seat Belt Use Rate written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How States Achieve High Seat Belt Use Rates written by National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-09-21 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study compared States with high seat belt use rates and States with low seat belt use rates using statistical analyses and conducted case studies of 10 high seat belt use States. Primary enforcement seat belt use laws clearly help increase seat belt use, though three case study States with secondary laws have achieved high seat belt use. High-visibility seat belt law enforcement is critical. The statistical analyses suggest that the most important difference between the high and low seat belt use States is enforcement, not demographics or funds spent on media. A few geographic, demographic, and cultural factors are associated with lower seat belt use, but none is a barrier to high seat belt use, as demonstrated by examples from the case study States. The key factors in all high seat belt use case study States were high-visibility seat belt law enforcement, excellent relations with law enforcement command and officers statewide, effective seat belt law enforcement publicity, high priority for increasing seat belt use, effective planning and implementation of seat belt use programs based on solid data and research, and effective Highway Safety Office and seat belt program management. Recommendations for States wishing to increase seat belt use are included.
Download or read book Estimated Safety Belt Use Rates Under Primary and Secondary Enforcement Statutes written by Charles B. Stoke and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Virginia Transportation Research Council was requested by the Virginia Department of Motor Vehicles to estimate the changes in statewide safety belt use that would occur if the state were to modify its current mandatory use law (HUL) to permit primary enforcement. In carrying out the project, a literature review and a review of all state HUL statutes were conducted. In addition, three sources of data (two national and one state) were used to identify whether there were variations in the rates of safety belt use and the factors influencing any differences found. Several factors relevant to safety belt use were identified. Thirty-seven states and the District of Columbia have an MUL, and 9 provide for primary enforcement. It was found that belt use was generally greater in states with primary enforcement. In addition, belt use was higher in localities with both an active public information campaign and an active enforcement effort. Finally, there was a large increase in belt use by front seat occupants in Virginia after passage of the HUL, whereas belt use by rear seat occupants dropped dramatically during the same period. It was concluded that either of two actions would result in a 6 to 8 percentage point Increase in the statewide belt use rate. These two actions are (1) modify the current MUL to provide for primary enforcement, or (2) amend the current HUL to apply to both front and rear seat occupants. Either change would result in a rise to a rate of approximately 62% from the current rate of 54%.
Download or read book Presidential Initiative for Increasing Seat Belt Use Nationwide written by United States. Department of Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How States Achieve High Seat Belt Use Rates written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exploring the Methods to Increase Seat Belt Usage in Kansas written by Sunanda Dissanayake and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seat belt usage has frequently been identified as one of the most effective ways of improving highway safety and considered to be particularly useful in reducing fatalities. However, the state of Kansas experiences considerably lower safety belt usage rates compared to many other states and the national average. The Kansas Department of Transportation and other involved parties are interested in improving the usage rates and thereby improve safety of road users in Kansas. Accordingly, the main objective of this study was to explore the methods to increase seat belt usage in Kansas with the intention of reducing huge economic losses to the state in the form of traffic crashes. This objective was achieved by two parallel approaches: (1) By identifying the factors that affect safety belt usage in Kansas so that more effective programs could be developed. (2) By gathering information on attitudes, perceptions, understanding and other related characteristics of Kansans in relation to safety belt use. During the first approach, statistical models were developed to predict state seat belt usage rates based on factors that include demographic characteristics, socio-economic factors and policies/regulations. To supplement this, statistical models predicting traffic fatalities and unrestrained vehicle occupant fatalities as a function of seat belt law and other characteristics mentioned previously were also developed. These models could be used to quantify the effects of enforcing primary seat belt law in saving lives in Kansas. During the second approach, focus group surveys were conducted among Kansans to identify more direct human factor related issues and seat belt usage in Kansas. Focus group surveys of Kansas drivers were a real eye opener, indicating very low understanding regarding the seat belt law, where lower income groups, younger drivers, and minority groups particularly lagged. Stated belt use behavior revealed that females versus males, van users versus pick-up truck drivers, older drivers versus young drivers, non-Hispanics versus Hispanics are more likely to use seat belts. Reasons for non-use included absence of factors which positively affect the decision, types of trips. Even though some of these factors are beyond control, other findings indicate that a considerable percentage of drivers suggest stricter laws and other punishments to improve their own safety, perhaps because they are not able to maintain a high level of self-discipline by themselves.
Download or read book The Handbook of Road Safety Measures written by Rune Elvik and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2009-10-14 with total page 1137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains summaries of the knowledge regarding the effects of 128 road safety measures. This title covers various areas of road safety including: traffic control; vehicle inspection; driver training; publicity campaigns; police enforcement; and, general policy instruments. It also covers topics such as post-accident care, and speed cameras.
Download or read book The Case for Primary Enforcement of State Safety Belt Use Laws written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategies to Increase Seat Belt Use An Analysis of Levels of Fines and the Type of Law written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving Roadway Safety written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Highways and Transit and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Related to Increasing Safety Belt Use in States with Safety Belt Use Laws Third Annual Report to Congress 1989 written by M. F. Smith and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
