Download or read book Use of needle epicuticular wax chemical composition in the early diagnosis of Norway spruce Picea abies L Karst decline in Europe Extras written by J.N. CAPE and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1990-10 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Acid Precipitation on Epicuticular Wax in Norway Spruce and Lodgepole Pine written by Richard Horntvedt and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture with Subject Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental influences on the development of spruce needle cuticles written by J N (Neil) Cape and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seedlings of Norway [Picea abies (L.) Karst.], red (P. rubens Sarg.), black [P. mariana (Mill) B.S.P.] and white [P. glauca (Moench.) Voss] spruce were grown from bud break to bud set outdoors, in the greenhouse, and in controlled environment chambers. The outdoor and greenhouse treatments also included adjacent shaded (50%) seedlings. The effects of growth environment on needle epicuticular wax production and morphology, and on needle wettability were investigated. Red and black spruce exhibited free growth in addition to determinate growth, but only in the greenhouse. Although relative growth rate was significantly lower for seedlings grown outdoors, there were no differences in wax morphology between outdoor- and greenhouse- grown seedlings. Wax deposits on controlled environment seedlings were significantly more crystalline. Wax tubes were crystallized in 'tufts'. There were significant differences in wax amounts recovered between species and treatments. Wax amounts relative to needle dry weights decreased in the order greenhouse > outdoors > controlled environment. Shaded red and black spruce produced significantly more wax than unshaded. Needles from seedlings grown in controlled environment chambers had the largest needle/droplet contact angles. These data indicate that seedling growth environment affects needle epicuticular wax characteristics and wettability. Studies designed to investigate factors determined by needle surface physicochemical characteristics should include a consideration of growth environment.

Download or read book Evaluation of Forest Die back Symptoms on Norway Spruce Picea Abies L Karst and Red Spruce Picea Rubens Sarg in Europe and America written by Heiko Liedeker and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Surface Structure Wax and Methanol extractable Compounds in Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needles Under Enhanced UV B written by Heli Kinnunen and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Mineral Nutrition Ozone and Acid Mist on Peroxidase Activity in Needles of Norway Spruce Picea Abies L Karst written by G. P. Dohmen and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Damages to Norway Spruce Picea Abies L Karst Seedlings by a Late Spring Frost written by Mats Hannerz and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stem Cracks in Norway Spruce Picea Abies L Karst written by Jon Dietrichson and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vinterstyrke Hos Gran written by Norsk institutt for skogforskning and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effects of Acidic Precipitation on Scots Pine and Norway Spruce Needles Andtheir Low Temperature Tolerance written by Jaana Bäck and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forest Pathology and Plant Health written by Matteo Garbelotto and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Forest Pathology and Plant Health" that was published in Forests

Download or read book Vinterstyrke Hos Gran Attainment of winter vigour in four year old Spruce plants during the autumn 1972 written by Norsk institutt for skogforskning and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Trees in a Changing Environment written by Michael Tausz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delivers current state-of-the-science knowledge of tree ecophysiology, with particular emphasis on adaptation to a novel future physical and chemical environment. Unlike the focus of most books on the topic, this considers air chemistry changes (O3, NOx, and N deposition) in addition to elevated CO2 effects and its secondary effects of elevated temperature. The authors have addressed two systems essential for plant life: water handling capacity from the perspective of water transport; the coupling of xylem and phloem water potential and flow; water and nutrition uptake via likely changes in mycorrhizal relationships; control of water loss via stomata and its retention via cellular regulation; and within plant carbon dynamics from the perspective of environmental limitations to growth, allocation to defences, and changes in partitioning to respiration. The authors offer expert knowledge and insight to develop likely outcomes within the context of many unknowns. We offer this comprehensive analysis of tree responses and their capacity to respond to environmental changes to provide a better insight in understanding likelihood for survival, as well as planning for the future with long-lived, stationary organisms adapted to the past: trees.

Download or read book Top dying of Norway Spruce with Special Reference to Rhizosphaera Kalkhoffi Bubak written by Stephanos Diamandis and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, in Great Britain and countries situated along the coastal fringe of Northwestern Europe, "top-dying" has become the most destructive disease of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). The disease affects healthy trees in the dormant period during years characterized by mild, windy winters (March included). The first effect to appear on trees in the interior of thinned plantations is reduction of height growth which may be followed by foliage loss. It is thought that this pattern is also followed by edge trees. When dry flay to August periods follow such winters the growth reduction is steep, anddeterioration of the health status of affected trees is speeded up. Occurrence of severe outbreaks of the disease may result when weather such as the above takes place for more than two consecutive years. The present outbreak in N.E. Scotland is regarded as commencing in 1971t thereafter continuously developing due to unusually mild windy winters accompanied by dry summers (May included) during the period 1971-75. Data for wind duration, air temperature and rainfall for the years 1961-75 were used as variables and annual height increments from three repeat stands were used as the dependent variable in a stepwise multiple regression analysis. Significant correlations with height growth, which precedes needle-browning, were always found for edge trees of stands and occasionally for trees inside stands. Trees, once affected by the disease, go through four distinguishable stages of deteriorating health until they die. These stages can be recognized by the significantly different amounts of needle loss. During the "top-dying" annual cycles-1971-75 and 1975-76 needle-browning in all tree-health categories started building up in mid, late winter-spring and culminated just before and in the early flushing period. Sudden, sharp increase of the rate of needle-browning was found to be closely associated with short spells characterized by clear sunny, warm weather accompanied by high velocity wind and low or even freezing temperature at night, occurring in the dormant period. Needle-browning was successfully prevented by bagging shoots from the early flushing period until late August. Tip needles of current and second year were found to retain a significantly lower water content than base needles (expressed on needle dry weight) as did needles from bare 1 shoots compared withbaggedones during the period January-May. Water uptake by roots of Norway spruce plants, four years of age was significantly lower when cold water was supplied. Uptake at l u was found to be only 49.51% of that at 20G. Close observations and a number of experiments failed to show that R. kalkhoffii Bubak or any other needle fungus has a primary involvement in "top-dying". Similarly, no fungus likely to be strongly pathogenic to Norway spruce was isolated from various tissues of current and second year shoots. Strong evidence suggested that the fungus R. kalkhoffii isolated from Norway spruce and dealt with in this work is a different strain from those isolated in the U.S.A. and Japan from other host species. Its optimum temperature for diameter growth on malt agar was 18C. Malt agar pH's ranging from 3.5 to 9 (before autoclaving) did not have any significant effect on growth. It was shown to be a very successful colonizer of dying needles during its infection period which in 1976-77 started building up in August, culminated in October and stopped in late February. The hypothesis was developed that "top-dying" is caused by severe water stress created by adverse climatic conditions, chiefly mild, windy weather during the dormant period enforced by drought in the first part of the growing season. When conditions such as these occur for more than two consecutive years severe outbreaks of the disease may occur. In a test of this hypothesis, one young Norway spruce plant out of two tested, exhibited in vitro symptoms very similar to those recorded in the field after a 75 hr, exposure period under conditions consisting of air temperature 14C, relative humidity 70% and photoperiod of 12 hrs.

Download or read book Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants written by Horst Marschner and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 1995 with total page 920 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text presents the principles of mineral nutrition in the light of current advances. For this second edition more emphasis has been placed on root water relations and functions of micronutrients as well as external and internal factors on root growth and the root-soil interface.