Download or read book Unified Methods for Censored Longitudinal Data and Causality written by Mark J. van der Laan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-12 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental statistical framework for the analysis of complex longitudinal data is provided in this book. It provides the first comprehensive description of optimal estimation techniques based on time-dependent data structures. The techniques go beyond standard statistical approaches and can be used to teach masters and Ph.D. students. The text is ideally suitable for researchers in statistics with a strong interest in the analysis of complex longitudinal data.

Download or read book Handbook of Matching and Weighting Adjustments for Causal Inference written by José R. Zubizarreta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-11 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An observational study infers the effects caused by a treatment, policy, program, intervention, or exposure in a context in which randomized experimentation is unethical or impractical. One task in an observational study is to adjust for visible pretreatment differences between the treated and control groups. Multivariate matching and weighting are two modern forms of adjustment. This handbook provides a comprehensive survey of the most recent methods of adjustment by matching, weighting, machine learning and their combinations. Three additional chapters introduce the steps from association to causation that follow after adjustments are complete. When used alone, matching and weighting do not use outcome information, so they are part of the design of an observational study. When used in conjunction with models for the outcome, matching and weighting may enhance the robustness of model-based adjustments. The book is for researchers in medicine, economics, public health, psychology, epidemiology, public program evaluation, and statistics who examine evidence of the effects on human beings of treatments, policies or exposures.

Download or read book Semiparametric Theory and Missing Data written by Anastasios Tsiatis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes current knowledge regarding the theory of estimation for semiparametric models with missing data, in an organized and comprehensive manner. It starts with the study of semiparametric methods when there are no missing data. The description of the theory of estimation for semiparametric models is both rigorous and intuitive, relying on geometric ideas to reinforce the intuition and understanding of the theory. These methods are then applied to problems with missing, censored, and coarsened data with the goal of deriving estimators that are as robust and efficient as possible.

Download or read book Design of Observational Studies written by Paul R. Rosenbaum and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-13 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Design of Observational Studies is both an introduction to statistical inference in observational studies and a detailed discussion of the principles that guide the design of observational studies. An observational study is an empiric investigation of effects caused by treatments when randomized experimentation is unethical or infeasible. Observational studies are common in most fields that study the effects of treatments on people, including medicine, economics, epidemiology, education, psychology, political science and sociology. The quality and strength of evidence provided by an observational study is determined largely by its design. Design of Observational Studies is organized into five parts. Chapters 2, 3, and 5 of Part I cover concisely many of the ideas discussed in Rosenbaum’s Observational Studies (also published by Springer) but in a less technical fashion. Part II discusses the practical aspects of using propensity scores and other tools to create a matched comparison that balances many covariates, and includes an updated chapter on matching in R. In Part III, the concept of design sensitivity is used to appraise the relative ability of competing designs to distinguish treatment effects from biases due to unmeasured covariates. Part IV is new to this edition; it discusses evidence factors and the computerized construction of more than one comparison group. Part V discusses planning the analysis of an observational study, with particular reference to Sir Ronald Fisher’s striking advice for observational studies: "make your theories elaborate." This new edition features updated exploration of causal influence, with four new chapters, a new R package DOS2 designed as a companion for the book, and discussion of several of the latest matching packages for R. In particular, DOS2 allows readers to reproduce many analyses from Design of Observational Studies.

Download or read book Time Series Theory and Methods written by Peter J. Brockwell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-13 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition contains a large number of additions and corrections scattered throughout the text, including the incorporation of a new chapter on state-space models. The companion diskette for the IBM PC has expanded into the software package ITSM: An Interactive Time Series Modelling Package for the PC, which includes a manual and can be ordered from Springer-Verlag. * We are indebted to many readers who have used the book and programs and made suggestions for improvements. Unfortunately there is not enough space to acknowledge all who have contributed in this way; however, special mention must be made of our prize-winning fault-finders, Sid Resnick and F. Pukelsheim. Special mention should also be made of Anthony Brockwell, whose advice and support on computing matters was invaluable in the preparation of the new diskettes. We have been fortunate to work on the new edition in the excellent environments provided by the University of Melbourne and Colorado State University. We thank Duane Boes particularly for his support and encouragement throughout, and the Australian Research Council and National Science Foundation for their support of research related to the new material. We are also indebted to Springer-Verlag for their constant support and assistance in preparing the second edition. Fort Collins, Colorado P. J. BROCKWELL November, 1990 R. A. DAVIS * /TSM: An Interactive Time Series Modelling Package for the PC by P. J. Brockwell and R. A. Davis. ISBN: 0-387-97482-2; 1991.

Download or read book Correlated Data Analysis Modeling Analytics and Applications written by Peter X. -K. Song and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-30 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers recent developments in correlated data analysis. It utilizes the class of dispersion models as marginal components in the formulation of joint models for correlated data. This enables the book to cover a broader range of data types than the traditional generalized linear models. The reader is provided with a systematic treatment for the topic of estimating functions, and both generalized estimating equations (GEE) and quadratic inference functions (QIF) are studied as special cases. In addition to the discussions on marginal models and mixed-effects models, this book covers new topics on joint regression analysis based on Gaussian copulas.

Download or read book Targeted Learning written by Mark J. van der Laan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The statistics profession is at a unique point in history. The need for valid statistical tools is greater than ever; data sets are massive, often measuring hundreds of thousands of measurements for a single subject. The field is ready to move towards clear objective benchmarks under which tools can be evaluated. Targeted learning allows (1) the full generalization and utilization of cross-validation as an estimator selection tool so that the subjective choices made by humans are now made by the machine, and (2) targeting the fitting of the probability distribution of the data toward the target parameter representing the scientific question of interest. This book is aimed at both statisticians and applied researchers interested in causal inference and general effect estimation for observational and experimental data. Part I is an accessible introduction to super learning and the targeted maximum likelihood estimator, including related concepts necessary to understand and apply these methods. Parts II-IX handle complex data structures and topics applied researchers will immediately recognize from their own research, including time-to-event outcomes, direct and indirect effects, positivity violations, case-control studies, censored data, longitudinal data, and genomic studies.

Download or read book A Modern Theory of Factorial Design written by Rahul Mukerjee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-15 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last twenty years have witnessed a significant growth of interest in optimal factorial designs, under possible model uncertainty, via the minimum aberration and related criteria. This book gives, for the first time in book form, a comprehensive and up-to-date account of this modern theory. Many major classes of designs are covered in the book. While maintaining a high level of mathematical rigor, it also provides extensive design tables for research and practical purposes. Apart from being useful to researchers and practitioners, the book can form the core of a graduate level course in experimental design.

Download or read book Sampling Algorithms written by Yves Tillé and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-09-23 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few decades, important progresses in the methods of sampling have been achieved. This book draws up an inventory of new methods that can be useful for selecting samples. Forty-six sampling methods are described in the framework of general theory. The algorithms are described rigorously, which allows implementing directly the described methods. This book is aimed at experienced statisticians who are familiar with the theory of survey sampling.

Download or read book Non negative Matrices and Markov Chains written by E. Seneta and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-07-02 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its inception by Perron and Frobenius, the theory of non-negative matrices has developed enormously and is now being used and extended in applied fields of study as diverse as probability theory, numerical analysis, demography, mathematical economics, and dynamic programming, while its development is still proceeding rapidly as a branch of pure mathematics in its own right. While there are books which cover this or that aspect of the theory, it is nevertheless not uncommon for workers in one or another branch of its development to be unaware of what is known in other branches, even though there is often formal overlap. One of the purposes of this book is to relate several aspects of the theory, insofar as this is possible. The author hopes that the book will be useful to mathematicians; but in particular to the workers in applied fields, so the mathematics has been kept as simple as could be managed. The mathematical requisites for reading it are: some knowledge of real-variable theory, and matrix theory; and a little knowledge of complex-variable; the emphasis is on real-variable methods. (There is only one part of the book, the second part of 55.5, which is of rather specialist interest, and requires deeper knowledge.) Appendices provide brief expositions of those areas of mathematics needed which may be less g- erally known to the average reader.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Biopharmaceutical Statistics Four Volume Set written by Shein-Chung Chow and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 4031 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition in 2000, there has been an explosive growth of literature in biopharmaceutical research and development of new medicines. This encyclopedia (1) provides a comprehensive and unified presentation of designs and analyses used at different stages of the drug development process, (2) gives a well-balanced summary of current regulatory requirements, and (3) describes recently developed statistical methods in the pharmaceutical sciences. Features of the Fourth Edition: 1. 78 new and revised entries have been added for a total of 308 chapters and a fourth volume has been added to encompass the increased number of chapters. 2. Revised and updated entries reflect changes and recent developments in regulatory requirements for the drug review/approval process and statistical designs and methodologies. 3. Additional topics include multiple-stage adaptive trial design in clinical research, translational medicine, design and analysis of biosimilar drug development, big data analytics, and real world evidence for clinical research and development. 4. A table of contents organized by stages of biopharmaceutical development provides easy access to relevant topics. About the Editor: Shein-Chung Chow, Ph.D. is currently an Associate Director, Office of Biostatistics, U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Dr. Chow is an Adjunct Professor at Duke University School of Medicine, as well as Adjunct Professor at Duke-NUS, Singapore and North Carolina State University. Dr. Chow is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics and the Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Book Series and the author of 28 books and over 300 methodology papers. He was elected Fellow of the American Statistical Association in 1995.

Download or read book The Statistical Analysis of Multivariate Failure Time Data written by Ross L. Prentice and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-14 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Statistical Analysis of Multivariate Failure Time Data: A Marginal Modeling Approach provides an innovative look at methods for the analysis of correlated failure times. The focus is on the use of marginal single and marginal double failure hazard rate estimators for the extraction of regression information. For example, in a context of randomized trial or cohort studies, the results go beyond that obtained by analyzing each failure time outcome in a univariate fashion. The book is addressed to researchers, practitioners, and graduate students, and can be used as a reference or as a graduate course text. Much of the literature on the analysis of censored correlated failure time data uses frailty or copula models to allow for residual dependencies among failure times, given covariates. In contrast, this book provides a detailed account of recently developed methods for the simultaneous estimation of marginal single and dual outcome hazard rate regression parameters, with emphasis on multiplicative (Cox) models. Illustrations are provided of the utility of these methods using Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial data of menopausal hormones and of a low-fat dietary pattern intervention. As byproducts, these methods provide flexible semiparametric estimators of pairwise bivariate survivor functions at specified covariate histories, as well as semiparametric estimators of cross ratio and concordance functions given covariates. The presentation also describes how these innovative methods may extend to handle issues of dependent censorship, missing and mismeasured covariates, and joint modeling of failure times and covariates, setting the stage for additional theoretical and applied developments. This book extends and continues the style of the classic Statistical Analysis of Failure Time Data by Kalbfleisch and Prentice. Ross L. Prentice is Professor of Biostatistics at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington in Seattle, Washington. He is the recipient of COPSS Presidents and Fisher awards, the AACR Epidemiology/Prevention and Team Science awards, and is a member of the National Academy of Medicine. Shanshan Zhao is a Principal Investigator at the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

Download or read book Causal Inference for Statistics Social and Biomedical Sciences written by Guido W. Imbens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most questions in social and biomedical sciences are causal in nature: what would happen to individuals, or to groups, if part of their environment were changed? In this groundbreaking text, two world-renowned experts present statistical methods for studying such questions. This book starts with the notion of potential outcomes, each corresponding to the outcome that would be realized if a subject were exposed to a particular treatment or regime. In this approach, causal effects are comparisons of such potential outcomes. The fundamental problem of causal inference is that we can only observe one of the potential outcomes for a particular subject. The authors discuss how randomized experiments allow us to assess causal effects and then turn to observational studies. They lay out the assumptions needed for causal inference and describe the leading analysis methods, including matching, propensity-score methods, and instrumental variables. Many detailed applications are included, with special focus on practical aspects for the empirical researcher.

Download or read book Proceedings of the Second Seattle Symposium in Biostatistics written by Danyu Lin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Second Seattle Symposium in Biostatistics: Analysis of Correlated Data. The symposium was held in 2000 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the University of Washington School of Public Health and Community Medicine. It featured keynote lectures by Norman Breslow, David Cox and Ross Prentice and 16 invited presentations by other prominent researchers. The papers contained in this volume encompass recent methodological advances in several important areas, such as longitudinal data, multivariate failure time data and genetic data, as well as innovative applications of the existing theory and methods. This volume is a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners in the field of correlated data analysis.

Download or read book Handbook of Missing Data Methodology written by Geert Molenberghs and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Missing data affect nearly every discipline by complicating the statistical analysis of collected data. But since the 1990s, there have been important developments in the statistical methodology for handling missing data. Written by renowned statisticians in this area, Handbook of Missing Data Methodology presents many methodological advances and the latest applications of missing data methods in empirical research. Divided into six parts, the handbook begins by establishing notation and terminology. It reviews the general taxonomy of missing data mechanisms and their implications for analysis and offers a historical perspective on early methods for handling missing data. The following three parts cover various inference paradigms when data are missing, including likelihood and Bayesian methods; semi-parametric methods, with particular emphasis on inverse probability weighting; and multiple imputation methods. The next part of the book focuses on a range of approaches that assess the sensitivity of inferences to alternative, routinely non-verifiable assumptions about the missing data process. The final part discusses special topics, such as missing data in clinical trials and sample surveys as well as approaches to model diagnostics in the missing data setting. In each part, an introduction provides useful background material and an overview to set the stage for subsequent chapters. Covering both established and emerging methodologies for missing data, this book sets the scene for future research. It provides the framework for readers to delve into research and practical applications of missing data methods.

Download or read book Modern Clinical Trial Analysis written by Wan Tang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume covers classic as well as cutting-edge topics on the analysis of clinical trial data in biomedical and psychosocial research and discusses each topic in an expository and user-friendly fashion. The intent of the book is to provide an overview of the primary statistical and data analytic issues associated with each of the selected topics, followed by a discussion of approaches for tackling such issues and available software packages for carrying out analyses. While classic topics such as survival data analysis, analysis of diagnostic test data and assessment of measurement reliability are well known and covered in depth by available topic-specific texts, this volume serves a different purpose: it provides a quick introduction to each topic for self-learning, particularly for those who have not done any formal coursework on a given topic but must learn it due to its relevance to their multidisciplinary research. In addition, the chapters on these classic topics will reflect issues particularly relevant to modern clinical trials such as longitudinal designs and new methods for analyzing data from such study designs. The coverage of these topics provides a quick introduction to these important statistical issues and methods for addressing them. As with the classic topics, this part of the volume on modern topics will enable researchers to grasp the statistical methods for addressing these emerging issues underlying modern clinical trials and to apply them to their research studies.

Download or read book Regression Modeling Strategies written by Frank E. Harrell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-06-15 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents information on regressions modeling strategies that address many issues arising when developing multivariable models using (real data) examples. It includes imputation methods for dealing with missing data effectively, methods for dealing with nonlinear relationships and for making the estimation of transformations a formal part of the modeling process, methods for dealing with “too many variables to analyze and not enough observations”, and powerful model validation techniques based on the bootstrap. The text deals with model uncertainty and its effect on inference. It also presents many graphical methods for communicating complex regression models to nonstatisticians.