Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2013 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Info Transparency Act of 2013 Feb 14 2014 113 2 House Report 113 352 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2014* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2013 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Reform ACT written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-11-17 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) culminated years of effort by state and local government officials and business interests to control, if not eliminate, the imposition of unfunded intergovernmental and private-sector federal mandates. Advocates argued the statute was needed to forestall federal legislation and regulations that imposed obligations on state and local governments or businesses that resulted in higher costs and inefficiencies. Opponents argued that federal mandates may be necessary to achieve national objectives in areas where voluntary action by state and local governments and business failed to achieve desired results. UMRA provides a framework for the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to estimate the direct costs of mandates in legislative proposals to state and local governments and to the private sector, and for issuing agencies to estimate the direct costs of mandates in proposed regulations to regulated entities. Aside from these informational requirements, UMRA controls the imposition of mandates only through a procedural mechanism allowing Congress to decline to consider unfunded intergovernmental mandates in proposed legislation if they are estimated to cost more than specified threshold amounts. UMRA applies to any provision in legislation, statute, or regulation that would impose an enforceable duty upon state and local governments or the private sector. It does not apply to conditions of federal assistance; duties stemming from participation in voluntary federal programs; rules issued by independent regulatory agencies; rules issued without a general notice of proposed rulemaking; and rules and legislative provisions that cover individual constitutional rights, discrimination, emergency assistance, grant accounting and auditing procedures, national security, treaty obligations, and certain elements of Social Security. State and local government officials argue that UMRA has restrained the growth of unfunded federal mandates, but that its coverage should be broadened, with special consideration given to including conditions of federal financial assistance. During the 112th Congress, H.R. 4078, the Red Tape Reduction and Small Business Job Creation Act: Title IV, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2012, passed by the House on July 26, 2012, would have, among other changes, broadened UMRA's coverage to include both direct and indirect costs, such as foregone profits and costs passed onto consumers, and, when requested by the chair or ranking Member of a committee, the prospective costs of legislation that would change conditions of federal financial assistance. The bill also would have made private-sector mandates subject to a substantive point of order and removed UMRA's exemption for rules issued by most independent agencies. These UMRA provisions were reintroduced during the 113th Congress as H.R. 899, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2014, which was passed by the House on February 28, 2014, and included in H.R. 4, the Jobs for America Act [of 2014], which was passed by the House on September 18, 2014. This report examines debates over what constitutes an unfunded federal mandate and UMRA's implementation. It focuses on UMRA's requirement that CBO issue written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in legislation, its procedures for raising points of order in the House and Senate concerning unfunded federal mandates in legislation, and its requirement that federal agencies prepare written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in rules. It also assesses UMRA's impact on federal mandates and arguments concerning UMRA's future, focusing on UMRA's definitions, exclusions, and exceptions that currently exempt many federal actions with potentially significant financial impacts on nonfederal entities.
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Reform Act written by Congressional Research Service and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (UMRA) culminated years of effort by state and local government officials and business interests to control, if not eliminate, the imposition of unfunded intergovernmental and private-sector federal mandates. Advocates argued the statute was needed to forestall federal legislation and regulations that imposed obligations on state and local governments or businesses that resulted in higher costs and inefficiencies. Opponents argued that federal mandates may be necessary to achieve national objectives in areas where voluntary action by state and local governments and business failed to achieve desired results. UMRA provides a framework for the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to estimate the direct costs of mandates in legislative proposals to state and local governments and to the private sector, and for issuing agencies to estimate the direct costs of mandates in proposed regulations to regulated entities. Aside from these informational requirements, UMRA controls the imposition of mandates only through a procedural mechanism allowing Congress to decline to consider unfunded intergovernmental mandates in proposed legislation if they are estimated to cost more than specified threshold amounts. UMRA applies to any provision in legislation, statute, or regulation that would impose an enforceable duty upon state and local governments or the private sector. It does not apply to conditions of federal assistance; duties stemming from participation in voluntary federal programs; rules issued by independent regulatory agencies; rules issued without a general notice of proposed rulemaking; and rules and legislative provisions that cover individual constitutional rights, discrimination, emergency assistance, grant accounting and auditing procedures, national security, treaty obligations, and certain elements of Social Security. State and local government officials argue that UMRA's coverage should be broadened, with special consideration given to including conditions of federal financial assistance. During the 114th Congress, H.R. 50, the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015, which was passed by the House on February 4, 2015, and its companion bill in the Senate, S. 189, would have broadened UMRA's coverage to include both direct and indirect costs, such as foregone profits and costs passed onto consumers, and, when requested by the chair or ranking Member of a committee, the prospective costs of legislation that would change conditions of federal financial assistance. The bills also would have made private-sector mandates subject to a substantive point of order and removed UMRA's exemption for rules issued by most independent agencies. H.R. 50 has been reintroduced in the 115th Congress as the Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017. This report examines debates over what constitutes an unfunded federal mandate and UMRA's implementation. It focuses on UMRA's requirement that CBO issue written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in legislation, its procedures for raising points of order in the House and Senate concerning unfunded federal mandates in legislation, and its requirement that federal agencies prepare written cost estimate statements for federal mandates in rules. It also assesses UMRA's impact on federal mandates and arguments concerning UMRA's future, focusing on UMRA's definitions, exclusions, and exceptions that currently exempt many federal actions with potentially significant financial impacts on nonfederal entities. An examination of the rise of unfunded federal mandates as a national issue and a summary of UMRA's legislative history are provided in Appendix A. Citations to UMRA points of order raised in the House and Senate are provided in Appendix B.
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information And Transparency Act Of 2017 Senate Report 115 447 December 19 2018 115 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017 House Report 115 798 Part 1 June 29 2018 115 2 written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book H R 373 Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2011 written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2011 May 16 2012 112 2 House Report 112 483 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2012* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015 House Report 114 011 Part 1 February 2 2015 114 1 written by United States. Congress. House and published by . This book was released on 2015* with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2017 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2015 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Unfunded Mandates Information and Transparency Act of 2011 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Oversight and Government Reform and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Government 3e written by Glen Krutz and published by . This book was released on 2023-05-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Black & white print. American Government 3e aligns with the topics and objectives of many government courses. Faculty involved in the project have endeavored to make government workings, issues, debates, and impacts meaningful and memorable to students while maintaining the conceptual coverage and rigor inherent in the subject. With this objective in mind, the content of this textbook has been developed and arranged to provide a logical progression from the fundamental principles of institutional design at the founding, to avenues of political participation, to thorough coverage of the political structures that constitute American government. The book builds upon what students have already learned and emphasizes connections between topics as well as between theory and applications. The goal of each section is to enable students not just to recognize concepts, but to work with them in ways that will be useful in later courses, future careers, and as engaged citizens. In order to help students understand the ways that government, society, and individuals interconnect, the revision includes more examples and details regarding the lived experiences of diverse groups and communities within the United States. The authors and reviewers sought to strike a balance between confronting the negative and harmful elements of American government, history, and current events, while demonstrating progress in overcoming them. In doing so, the approach seeks to provide instructors with ample opportunities to open discussions, extend and update concepts, and drive deeper engagement.
Download or read book Activities and Summary Report of the Committee on the Budget U S House of Representatives written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on the Budget and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
