Download or read book Understanding Geochemical Fluxes Between Groundwater and Surface Water written by C. P. Young and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Understanding Geochemical Fluxes Between Groundwater and Suface Water written by Great Britain. Environment Agency and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Field Techniques for Estimating Water Fluxes Between Surface Water and Ground Water written by Donald O. Rosenberry and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-16 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in the use and development of our Nation's surface - and ground-water resources has increased significantly during the past 50 years. This work discusses field techniques for estimating water fluxes.
Download or read book Geochemical Processes Weathering and Groundwater Recharge in Catchments written by O.M. Saether and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical Processes, Weathering and Groundwater Recharge in Catchments is a specialist book concerned with the natural processes taking place where water interacts with minerals and organic matter at the earth’s surface, in soils or within aquifers. It focuses on the all important interface between the hydrological and geochemical cycles in terrestrial ecosystems, and is thus particularly relevant to understanding the environment. The book is intended primarily as a reference text for graduate students in Earth Sciences, Hydrology or Environmental Sciences, but will be a useful introduction to those studying Chemistry, Biology or Forestry Studies. Geochemical Processes, Weathering and Groundwater Recharge in Catchments presents an overview of the current status of knowledge of catchment studies, with an outline of the challenges of future research. .
Download or read book Groundwater Fluxes Across Interfaces written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-02-20 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates of groundwater recharge and discharge rates are needed at many different scales for many different purposes. These include such tasks as evaluating landslide risks, managing groundwater resources, locating nuclear waste repositories, and estimating global budgets of water and greenhouse gasses. Groundwater Fluxes Across Interfaces focuses on scientific challenges in (1) the spatial and temporal variability of recharge and discharge, (2) how information at one scale can be used at another, and (3) the effects of groundwater on climate and vice versa.
Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by William J. Deutsch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater Geochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications to Contamination examines the integral role geochemistry play s in groundwater monitoring and remediation programs, and presents it at a level understandable to a wide audience. Readers of all backgrounds can gain a better understanding of geochemical processes and how they apply to groundwater systems. The text begins with an explanation of fundamental geochemical processes, followed by a description of the methods and tools used to understand and simulate them. The book then explains how geochemistry applies to contaminant mobility, discusses remediation system design, sampling program development, and the modeling of geochemical interactions. This clearly written guide concludes with specific applications of geochemistry to contaminated sites. This is an ideal choice for readers who do not have an extensive technical background in aqueous chemistry, geochemistry, or geochemical modeling. The only prerequisite is a desire to better understand natural processes through groundwater geochemistry.
Download or read book Geochemical Modeling of Groundwater Vadose and Geothermal Systems written by Jochen Bundschuh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geochemical modeling is an important tool in environmental studies, and in the areas of subsurface and surface hydrology, pedology, water resources management, mining geology, geothermal resources, hydrocarbon geology, and related areas dealing with the exploration and extraction of natural resources. The book fills a gap in the literature through its discussion of geochemical modeling, which simulates the chemical and physical processes affecting the distribution of chemical species in liquid, gas, and solid phases. Geochemical modeling applies to a diversity of subsurface environments, from the vadose zone close to the Earth’s surface, down to deep-seated geothermal reservoirs. This book provides the fundamental thermodynamic concepts of liquid-gas-solid phase systems. It introduces the principal types of geochemical models, such as speciation, reaction-path or forward, inverse- and reactive-transport models, together with examples of the most common codes and the best-practices for constructing geochemical models. The physical laws describing homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reactions, their kinetics, and the transport of reactive solutes are presented. The partial differential or algebraic equations representing these laws, and the principal numerical methods that allow approximate solutions of these equations that can provide useful solutions to model different geochemical processes, are discussed in detail. Case studies applying geochemical models in different scientific areas and environmental settings, conclude the book. The book is addressed to students, teachers, other professionals, and to the institutions involved in water, geothermal and hydrocarbon resources, mining, and environmental management. The book should prove useful to undergraduate and graduate students, postgraduates, professional geologists and geophysicists, engineers, environmental scientists, soil scientists, hydrochemists, and others interested in water and geochemistry.
Download or read book Global Environment written by Elizabeth Kay Berner and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-22 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expanded chapter explores atmospheric chemistry and changing climate, with the most up-to-date statistics on CO2, the carbon cycle, other greenhouse gases, and the ozone hole.
Download or read book Surface and Ground Water Weathering and Soils written by J.I. Drever and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-11-21 with total page 645 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 5 has several objectives. The first is to present an overview of the composition of surface and ground waters on the continents and the mechanisms that control the compositions. The second is to present summaries of the tools and methodologies used in modern studies of the geochemistry of surface and ground waters. The third is to present information on the role of weathering and soil formation in geochemical cycles: weathering affects the chemistry of the atmosphere through uptake of carbon dioxide and oxygen, and paleosols (preserved soils in the rock record) provide information on the composition of the atmosphere in the geological past. Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry (10 Volume Set, ISBN 0-08-043751-6, published in 2003). - Present an overview of the composition of surface and ground waters on the continents and the mechanisms that control the compositions - Provides summaries of the tools and methodologies used in modern studies of the geochemistry of surface and ground waters - Features information on the role of weathering and soil formation in geochemical cycles - Contains information on the composition of the atmosphere in the geological past - Reprinted individual volume from the acclaimed Treatise on Geochemistry, 10 volume set
Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Broder J. Merkel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-05-30 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To understand hydrochemistry and to analyze natural as well as man-made impacts on aquatic systems, hydrogeochemical models have been used since the 1960’s and more frequently in recent times. Numerical groundwater flow, transport, and geochemical models are important tools besides classical deterministic and analytical approaches. Solving complex linear or non-linear systems of equations, commonly with hundreds of unknown parameters, is a routine task for a PC. Modeling hydrogeochemical processes requires a detailed and accurate water analysis, as well as thermodynamic and kinetic data as input. Thermodynamic data, such as complex formation constants and solubility-products, are often provided as databases within the respective programs. However, the description of surface-controlled reactions (sorption, cation exchange, surface complexation) and kinetically controlled reactions requires additional input data. Unlike groundwater flow and transport models, thermodynamic models, in principal, do not need any calibration. However, considering surface-controlled or kinetically controlled reaction models might be subject to calibration. Typical problems for the application of geochemical models are: • speciation • determination of saturation indices • adjustment of equilibria/disequilibria for minerals or gases • mixing of different waters • modeling the effects of temperature • stoichiometric reactions (e.g. titration) • reactions with solids, fluids, and gaseous phases (in open and closed systems) • sorption (cation exchange, surface complexation) • inverse modeling • kinetically controlled reactions • reactive transport Hydrogeochemical models depend on the quality of the chemical analysis, the boundary conditions presumed by the program, theoretical concepts (e.g.
Download or read book Interactions Between Surface Water and Ground Water and Effects on Mercury Transport in the North central Everglades written by Judson William Harvey and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater surface Water Interaction written by Corinna Abesser and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected papers from a symposium on A new Focus on Integrated Analysis of Groundwater-Surface Water Systems, held during the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics XXIV General Assembly in Perugia, Italy, 11-13 July 2007.
Download or read book Investigating Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions Using Novel Isotopes and Geochemical Tracers in the Upper Merced River Basin Sierra Nevada California written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Groundwater and surface water interactions in mountain catchments occur at much larger scales than previously recognized. Because mountains are "water towers" and provide much of the water needed to adjacent low lands, it is important to understand these interactions to accurately assess water fluxes within a mountain system. This dissertation presents an approach using several environmental tracers to identity source waters, establish groundwater residence times, and identify groundwater discharge locations in the Merced River basin between Yosemite Valley and El Portal. 36Cl and Cl- were used to identify source waters and to characterize their discharge contributions to stream flow in the Upper Merced River. Near-surface water was found to be the largest endmember. Low-Cl- evapotranspired water was second, and high-Cl- was third. Near-surface water was primarily released during snowmelt, but snow was not an obvious endmember. Snow and near-surface water had Cl- concentrations
Download or read book Using Geochemical Tracers to Determine Aquifer Connectivity Flow Paths and Base Flow Sources Middle Verde River Watershed Central Arizona written by Caitlan McEwen Zlatos and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining geochemical data with physical data produces a powerful method for understanding sources and fluxes of waters to river systems. This study highlights this for river systems in regions of complex hydrogeology, shown here through the identification and quantification of base-flow sources to the Verde River and its tributaries within the middle Verde River watershed. Specifically, geochemical tracers (major solutes, stable and radioactive isotopes) characterize the principal aquifers (C, Redwall-Muav, and Verde Formation) and provide a conceptual understanding of the hydrologic connection between them. For the surface-water system, PCA is utilized to identify potential base-flow sources to the Verde River on a several-kilometer scale. Solute mixing diagrams then provide relative inputs of these sources, and when combined with stream discharge, allow for quantification of water sources. The results of this study provide an improved conceptual model that reveals the complexity of groundwater-surface water exchanges in this river basin.
Download or read book Understanding Hydrological And Geochemical Controls On Solute Concentrations At Large Scale written by Chen Bao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The spatiotemporal variations in solute concentrations within a watershed can provide valuable understandings on the hydrogeochemical processes in the system, e.g. the residence time of the water, retention of contaminants and weathering rates of minerals. However, such understandings are often prevented by the complexities in the process coupling and challenges in modeling such couplings at watershed scale. This dissertation presents an integrated approach to study this system. A fully coupled finite volume hydrological, land surface and reactive transport model: RT-Flux-PIHM has been developed. Based on Flux-PIHM, which simulates the terrestrial water cycle and the surface energy balance, the additional RT module explicitly models mass transfer and geochemical reactions, including mineral dissolution, precipitation, and ion exchange. As such, RT-Flux-PIHM is the first numerical model that provides the integration of land surface, hydrological, mass transfer and biogeochemical reaction at large scale. The model was verified and then applied at the Susquehanna Shale Hills watershed (0.08 km2), a National Science Foundation (NSF) Critical Zone Observatory (SSHCZO). Based on existing conceptual framework on major hydrogeochemical processes and extensive measurements at the site (Herndon et al., 2015; Jin et al., 2011a), RT-Flux-PIHM reproduces the spatiotemporal evolution of solute concentrations which matched field observations. The chloride concentration is controlled by inputs from rain and the hydrological connectivity of watershed. The watershed is well connected in the wet seasons, which allows fast flushing of chloride. In contrast, the less connected watershed in the summer sees "trapping" of chloride in less connected area. Large rainfall events connect the whole watershed and wash out these "old water" pockets of high Cl concentrations -- however, by the time the water emits at the stream mouth it is diluted significantly. This seasonal change in hydrological connectivity at the watershed scale essentially regulates the chloride concentration. Existing studies show the slope of the log-log concentration discharge (CQ) plot of chloride is ranging from 0 to -0.25 however it is unclear what controls the variations. Numerical experiments are conducted to elucidate the hydrological controls on the Cl CQ relationship. The chemostasis of chloride is dependent on the capability of the watershed to effectively mitigate the concentration variations induced by transition between source waters, e.g., from valley floor and swale subsurface flow to upslope subsurface flow, or from subsurface flow to deeper groundwater flow. Larger water storage leads to more chemostatic behavior while larger precipitation level and coarser soil both lead to stronger dilution behavior. However, transport parameters such as macro pore conductivity changed the Cl CQ slope only marginally. Mg concentrations, however, are regulated by the interplay between clay dissolution and groundwater influx as sources and discharge as sink while ion exchange acts as the storage buffer. Faster clay dissolution in the wet season with more abundant water is accompanied by more diluted groundwater influxes to the stream at the mouth by more discharge. In the dry summer, the slower clay dissolution is accompanied by less diluted groundwater influxes at the stream mouth and lower discharge. Cation exchange buffers the Mg concentration by storing tens of times higher Mg on exchange sites than in pore water. Large rainfall events flush out significant amount of stored Mg on the exchange sites while also diluting the waters, leading to similar Mg concentrations in the stream waters in large and small rainfall events. In general, the multiple processes work together to generate the relatively consistent concentrations for both solutes. In sum, the development of RT-Flux-PIHM enables studies on the hydrogeochemical dynamics at large scale, offering process-based modeling that integrates different processes while at the same time can separate and interrogate the importance of each mechanism.
Download or read book Groundwater Geochemistry written by Sughosh Madhav and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains both practical and theoretical aspects of groundwater resources relating to geochemistry. Focusing on recent research in groundwater resources, this book helps readers to understand the hydrogeochemistry of groundwater resources. Dealing primarily with the sources of ions in groundwater, the book describes geogenic and anthropogenic input of ions into water. Different organic, inorganic and emerging contamination and salinity problems are described, along with pollution-related issues affecting groundwater. New trends in groundwater contamination remediation measures are included, which will be particularly useful to researchers working in the field of water conservation. The book also contains diverse groundwater modelling examples, enabling a better understanding of water-related issues and their management. Groundwater Geochemistry: Pollution and Remediation offers the reader: An understanding of the quantitative and qualitative challenges of groundwater resources An introduction to the environmental geochemistry of groundwater resources A survey of groundwater pollution-related issues Recent trends in groundwater conservation and remediation Mathematical and statistical modeling related to groundwater resources Students, lecturers and researchers working in the fields of hydrogeochemistry, water pollution and groundwater will find Groundwater Geochemistry an essential companion.
Download or read book Proceedings of the groundwater surfacewater interactions workshop written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
