Download or read book U S National Arctic Strategy written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of Defense and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-06-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is one of eight Arctic nations. Approximately 1,000 miles of the Alaskan coastline border and 200,000 square nautical miles of the U.S. exclusive economic zone are encompassed in the Arctic Ocean. As economic opportunities in the Arctic steadily increase, the U.S. is realizing the strategic importance of the Arctic, but lacks the infrastructure, command and control structure, and Arctic-capable assets to meet national strategic objectives. Since 2009, the U.S. has progressively released strategic documents outlining the U.S. interests and national objectives in the Arctic. Although these documents recognize the increasing interests of the United States in the region, they do not adequately address all the strategic risks at stake in the Arctic and do not provide clear guidance to the Department of Defense (DoD) for defensive lines of effort. The U.S. strategic approach to the Arctic is that of accepting the current stable and conflict free Arctic region as remaining the same in the future. This strategic approach is adequate for the near term; however, it lacks specific guidance to DoD on how to prepare for possible conflict in the future. Recent events involving Russia in the Ukraine and China in the South China Sea provide historical context to the willingness of nations to use military means to defend their national interests. Without adequate defensive posturing, competition over Arctic resources could become the first direct existential threat to U.S. sovereignty. This paper will provide a strategic assessment of the Arctic, from the Department of Defense perspective, and provide recommendations for the combatant commander to prepare defensive lines of effort, should they be needed in 10-15 years or beyond.
Download or read book U s National Arctic Strategy written by National Defense University and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is one of eight Arctic nations. Approximately 1,000 miles of the Alaskan coastline border, and 200,000 square nautical miles of the U.S. exclusive economic zone are encompassed in, the Arctic Ocean. As economic opportunities in the Arctic steadily increase, the United States is realizing the strategic importance of the Arctic, but our nation lacks the infrastructure, command and control structure, and Arctic-capable assets to achieve national strategic objectives. Since 2009, the United States has progressively released strategic documents outlining the U.S. interests and national objectives in the Arctic. Although these documents recognize increasing interests of the United States in the region, they do not adequately address all the strategic risks at stake in the Arctic and do not provide clear guidance to the Department of Defense (DoD) for defensive lines of effort. The strategic approach of the United States to the Arctic is one of accepting the current stable and conflict free Arctic region as remaining the same in the future. This strategic approach is adequate for the near term; however, it lacks specific guidance to DoD on how to prepare for possible conflict in the future. Recent events involving Russia in the Ukraine and China in the South China Sea provide historical context to the willingness of nations to use military means to defend their national interests. Without adequate defensive posturing, competition over Arctic resources could become the first direct existential threat to U.S. sovereignty.
Download or read book Arctic Imperatives written by Thad W. Allen and published by Council on Foreign Relations Press. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S National Strategy for the Arctic and Analysis of Changes and Issues for the Region written by Charlotte M. Sullivan and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Strategy for the Arctic Region sets forth the United States Government's strategic priorities for the Arctic region. This strategy is intended to position the United States to respond effectively to challenges and emerging opportunities arising from significant increases in Arctic activity due to the diminishment of sea ice and the emergence of a new Arctic environment. It defines U.S. national security interests in the Arctic region and identifies prioritized lines of effort, building upon existing initiatives by Federal, state, local, and tribal authorities, the private sector, and international partners, and aims to focus efforts where opportunities exist and action is needed. This book discusses the national strategy for the Arctic region and its implementation plan. It also examines the background of the changes in the Arctic and includes issues this is causing for Congress.
Download or read book U S National Strategy for the Arctic and Analysis of Changes and Issues for the Region written by Charlotte M. Sullivan and published by . This book was released on 2014-01-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Strategy for the Arctic Region sets forth the United States Government's strategic priorities for the Arctic region. This strategy is intended to position the United States to respond effectively to challenges and emerging opportunities arising from significant increases in Arctic activity due to the diminishment of sea ice and the emergence of a new Arctic environment. It defines U.S. national security interests in the Arctic region and identifies prioritized lines of effort, building upon existing initiatives by Federal, state, local, and tribal authorities, the private sector, and international partners, and aims to focus efforts where opportunities exist and action is needed. This book discusses the national strategy for the Arctic region and its implementation plan. It also examines the background of the changes in the Arctic and includes issues this is causing for Congress.
Download or read book U S Navy Arctic Roadmap written by U. S. Department U.S. Department of the Navy and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-09 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is an Arctic nation through the state of Alaska and its surrounding territorial and Exclusive Economic Zone waters located in and around the Arctic Circle. The United States Navy, as the maritime component of the Department of Defense, has global leadership responsibilities to provide ready forces for current operations and contingency response that include the Arctic Ocean. The Arctic Region remains a challenging operating environment, with a harsh climate, vast distances, and little infrastructure. These issues, coupled with limited operational experience, are just a few substantial challenges the Navy will have to overcome in the Arctic Region. While the Region is expected to remain a low threat security environment where nations resolve differences peacefully, the Navy will be prepared to prevent conflict and ensure national interests are protected. In the coming decades, the Arctic Ocean will be increasingly accessible and more broadly used by Arctic and non-Arctic nations seeking the Region's abundant resources and trade routes. Due to the significant retreat of sea ice, previously unreachable areas have started to open for maritime use several weeks each year. The predicted rise in oil and gas development, fishing, tourism, and mineral mining could alter the Region's strategic importance as Arctic and non-Arctic nations make investments. Despite this gradual ice opening, the Region's frequent harsh weather and sea conditions are significant limiting factors for Arctic Ocean operations. This update of the 2009 Navy Arctic Roadmap provides guidance necessary to prepare the Navy to respond effectively to future Arctic Region contingencies, delineates the Navy's leadership role, and articulates the Navy's support to achieve national priorities in the Region. Navy functions in the Arctic Region are no different from those in other maritime regions; however, the Arctic Region environment makes the execution of many of these functions much more challenging. In May 2013, President Obama published the National Strategy for the Arctic Region, defining the desired end state as an Arctic Region stable and free of conflict, where nations act responsibly in a spirit of trust and cooperation, and where economic and energy resources are developed in a sustainable manner. In November 2013, the Secretary of Defense published the Department of Defense Arctic Strategy, identifying two supporting objectives to the National Strategy:
Download or read book National Strategies for the Arctic and a Review of Arctic Changes and Congressional Issues written by Leonard Deluca and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Strategy for the Arctic Region sets forth the United States Government's strategic priorities for the Arctic region. This strategy is intended to position the United States to respond effectively to challenges and emerging opportunities arising from significant increases in Arctic activity due to the diminishment of sea ice and the emergence of a new Arctic environment. It defines U.S. national security interests in the Arctic region and identifies prioritised lines of effort, building upon existing initiatives by Federal, state, local, and tribal authorities, the private sector, and international partners, and aims to focus efforts where opportunities exist and action is needed. This book discusses the National Strategy for the Arctic Region in further detail; the Department of Defense Arctic strategy; and provides background and issues in the changes in the Arctic.
Download or read book Implementation of U s Policy in the Arctic written by U.s. Army Command and General Staff College and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-08-15 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A tremendous change in the Arctic climate is causing far-reaching impacts on every nation and on the Earth as a whole. The recent changes in the Arctic create numerous areas of interest for the United States, largely driven by national security and economic goals. Given the multiple US interests in the Arctic, in January 2009, President George W. Bush published a national Arctic strategy: National Security Presidential Directive 66 - Homeland Security Presidential Directive 25 (NSPD 66/HSPD 25). Thereafter, numerous departments and agencies developed their supporting Arctic strategies and conducted studies, assessments, and research. However, the United States has failed to put forth the effort and funding necessary to implement its national strategy as laid out by NSPD 66/HSPD 25. An examination of the national policy, along with the various department and agency policies, exposes the intricacies and shallowness of the different assorted Arctic policies. Finally, a detailed assessment of actions taken by US Government departments and agencies in the seven areas laid out in the USG policy, reveals poor overall implementation of policy, which if not corrected, will leave the US militarily, politically, environmentally, and economically vulnerable in the Arctic.
Download or read book National Strategy for the Arctic Region written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our vision for the Arctic protects and advances U.S. interests in the region, including providing for homeland security and defense; mitigating and building resilience to climate change and ecosystem degradation; expanding U.S. economic opportunities; protecting and improving livelihoods, including for Alaska Native communities; and upholding international law, rules, norms, and standards across Arctic countries. This National Strategy for the Arctic Region updates its 2013 predecessor and builds on established U.S. Arctic region policy1 to reflect changes to the strategic environment and to set forth the U.S. government’s approach to realizing this vision. This strategy addresses the climate crisis with greater urgency and directs new investments in responsible economic development to improve livelihoods for Arctic residents, while conserving the environment. It also acknowledges increasing strategic competition in the Arctic since 2013 and seeks to position the United States to both effectively compete and manage tensions. The strategy articulates an affirmative U.S. agenda for the Arctic over the next ten years and provides a framework for how the U.S. government will respond to emerging challenges and opportunities in the region.
Download or read book NOAA s Arctic Action Plan written by United States. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is actively engaged in the Arctic, providing science, service, and stewardship to this rapidly changing region, its inhabitants, and the Nation. Through its broad range of activities, NOAA is well prepared to make significant contributions, to the extent possible within existing resources, to all three lines of effort in the recently released U.S. National Strategy for the Arctic Region (May 2013) and its subsequent Implementation Plan (January 2014). As described in its 2011 Arctic Vision and Strategy, NOAA has six strategic goals in the Arctic, each of which directly supports the National Strategy: Forecast sea ice; Improve weather and water forecasts and warnings; Strengthen foundational science to understand and detect Arctic climate and ecosystem changes; Improve stewardship and management of ocean and coastal resources in the Arctic; Advance resilient and healthy Arctic communities and economies; Enhance international and national partnerships"--Executive summary.
Download or read book Maintaining Arctic Cooperation with Russia written by Stephanie Pezard and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines potential transformations that could alter Russia’s current cooperative stance in the Arctic. It analyzes current security challenges related to climate and geography, economy, territorial claims, and military power, suggests some ways in which these could undermine Arctic cooperation, and offers recommendations for the U.S. government to manage the risks to cooperation.
Download or read book International Relations and the Arctic Understanding Policy and Governance written by Robert W. Murray and published by Cambria Press. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased global interest in the Arctic poses challenges to contemporary international relations and many questions surround exactly why and how Arctic countries are asserting their influence and claims over their northern reaches and why and how non-Arctic states are turning their attention to the region. Despite the inescapable reality in the growth of interest in the Arctic, relatively little analysis on the international relations aspects of such interest has been done. Traditionally, international relations studies are focused on particular aspects of Arctic relations, but to date there has been no comprehensive effort to explain the region as a whole. Literature on Arctic politics is mostly dedicated to issues such as development, the environment and climate change, or indigenous populations. International relations, traditionally interested in national and international security, has been mostly silent in its engagement with Arctic politics. Essential concepts such as security, sovereignty, institutions, and norms are all key aspects of what is transpiring in the Arctic, and deserve to be explained in order to better comprehend exactly why the Arctic is of such interest. The sheer number of states and organizations currently involved in Arctic international relations make the region a prime case study for scholars, policymakers and interested observers. In this first systematic study of Arctic international relations, Robert W. Murray and Anita Dey Nuttall have brought together a group of the world's leading experts in Arctic affairs to demonstrate the multifaceted and essential nature of circumpolar politics. This book is core reading for political scientists, historians, anthropologists, geographers and any other observer interested in the politics of the Arctic region.
Download or read book 2014 American Arctic Strategy written by Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2018-03-02 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 2009, the United States has progressively released strategic documents outlining the U.S. interests and national objectives in the Arctic. Although these documents recognize increasing interests of the United States in the region, they do not adequately address all the strategic risks at stake in the Arctic and do not provide clear guidance to the Department of Defense (DoD) for defensive lines of effort. The strategic approach of the United States to the Arctic is one of accepting the current stable and conflict free Arctic region as remaining the same in the future. This strategic approach is adequate for the near term; however, it lacks specific guidance to DoD on how to prepare for possible conflict in the future. Recent events involving Russia in the Ukraine and China in the South China Sea provide historical context to the willingness of nations to use military means to defend their national interests. Without adequate defensive posturing, competition over Arctic resources could become the first direct existential threat to U.S. sovereignty. This paper will provide a strategic assessment of the Arctic, from the Department of Defense perspective, and provide recommendations for the combatant commander to prepare defensive lines of effort, should they be needed in 10-15 years or beyond. CHAPTER 1 * ARCTIC STRATEGIC ISSUES * Mineral and Resource Protection * Freedom of Navigation * Sea Lines of Communication * Arctic Militarization * Russia * China * CHAPTER 2 * U.S. ARCTIC STRATEGY * U.S. Arctic Region Policy and U.S. Arctic Strategy * U.S. National Military Strategy and Department of Defense Arctic Strategy * CHAPTER 3 * ARCTIC RESPONSIBILITIES AND CAPABILITIES * Unified Command Plan * USNORTHCOM * Alaska Command and Joint Task Force Alaska * U.S. Navy * U.S. Coast Guard * CHAPTER 4 * RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION * Command and Control * Exercise Sovereignty and Protect the Homeland/ Improve Arctic Domain Awareness * Preserve Freedom of the Seas in the Arctic * Evolve Arctic Infrastructure and Capabilities * Uphold Existing, and Seek to Expand, Agreements with Allies and Partners * Conclusion * BIBLIOGRAPHY
Download or read book Arctic Strategy written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is at a strategic inflection point as its ice cap is diminishing more rapidly than projected and human activity, driven by economic opportunity, ranging from oil, gas, and mineral exploration to fishing, shipping, and tourism, is increasing in response to the growing accessibility. Arctic and non-Arctic nations are establishing their strategies and positions on the future of the Arctic in a variety of international forums. Taken together, these changes present a compelling opportunity for the Department of Defense (DoD) to work collaboratively with allies and partners to promote a balanced approach to improving human and environmental security in the region in accordance with the 2013 National Strategy for the Arctic Region. The DoD Arctic Strategy outlines how the Department will support the whole-of-government effort to promote security, stewardship, and international cooperation in the Arctic. The Department's strategic approach to the Arctic reflects the relatively low level of military threat in a region bounded by nation States that have not only publicly committed to working within a common framework of international law and diplomatic engagement, but have also demonstrated the ability and commitment to do so. In consideration of enduring national interests in the Arctic and existing strategic guidance, the Department's end-state for its strategic approach to the Arctic is: a secure and stable region where U.S. national interests are safeguarded, the U.S. homeland is protected, and nations work cooperatively to address challenges.
Download or read book Governing the North American Arctic written by Dawn Alexandrea Berry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though it has been home for centuries to indigenous peoples who have mastered its conditions, the Arctic has historically proven to be a difficult region for governments to administer. Extreme temperatures, vast distances, and widely dispersed patterns of settlement have made it impossible for bureaucracies based in far-off capitals to erect and maintain the kind of infrastructure and institutions that they have built elsewhere. As climate change transforms the polar regions, this book seeks to explore how the challenges of governance are developing and being met in Alaska, the Canadian Far North, and Greenland, while also drawing upon lessons from the region's past. Though the experience of each of these jurisdictions is unique, their place within democratic, federal systems and the prominence within each of them of issues relating to the rights of indigenous peoples situates them as part of an identifiably 'North American Arctic.' Today, as this volume shows, their institutions are evolving to address contemporary issues of security, environmental protection, indigenous rights, and economic development.
Download or read book Red Arctic written by Elizabeth Buchanan and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arctic is a global bellwether for climate change and indigenous peoples’ rights and traditions, as well as a “health check” on the durability of international laws and norms. Red Artic challenges the widely held assumption that the Arctic is headed for strategic meltdown, emerging as a theater for a literal (new) Cold War between Russia and the West. Buchanan explains that Putin’s Arctic strategy relies heavily upon international cooperation with foreign energy firms and injections of foreign capital: conflict will be bad for business. Russia needs a “low tension” environment to deliver on Russia’s critical economic interests. Red Arctic charts Arctic strategy under Putin from how it is formulated, what drives it, and where it’s going. In cautioning against assumptions of expansionist intent in the region, Buchanan calls for informed judgment of the real drivers of Russian Arctic strategy.
Download or read book United States Arctic Research Plan written by Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive statement of U.S. national needs and priorities in the areas of national security, national resource development, and acquisition of new scientific knowledge in the arctic. Includes recommendations for all disciplines.
