Download or read book Two Economists Musings on the Stability of Locus of Control written by Deborah A. Cobb-Clark and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical studies of the role of non-cognitive skills in driving economic behavior often rely heavily on the assumption that these skills are stable over the relevant time frame. We analyze the change in a specific non-cognitive skill, i.e. locus of control, in order to directly assess the validity of this assumption. We find that short- and medium-run changes in locus of control are rather modest on average, are concentrated among the young or very old, do not appear to be related to the demographic, labor market, and health events that individuals experience, and are unlikely to be economically meaningful. Still, there is no evidence that locus of control is truly time-invariant implying that the use of lagged measures results in an errors-in-variables problem that could downward bias the estimated wage return to locus of control by as much as 50 percent. Those researchers wishing to analyze the economic consequences of non-cognitive skills should consider (i) restricting their analysis to the working-age population for whom there is little evidence of systematic change in skill levels and (ii) accounting for error in the skill measures they employ.
Download or read book Economic integration of migrants in Germany written by Hanna Brenzel and published by wbv Media GmbH & Company KG. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eine erfolgreiche Integration von Migrantinnen und Migranten ist ein zentrales und wichtiges gesellschaftliches Thema, insbesondere wenn durch Migration dem demografischen Wandel und dem drohenden Fachkräftemangel entgegengewirkt werden soll. Dabei kommt der ökonomischen Integration eine Schlüsselfunktion zu, ist sie doch einer der zentralen Mechanismen für eine erfolgreiche gesellschaftliche Integration in modernen Arbeitsgesellschaften. Daher untersucht die vorliegende Arbeit anhand verschiedener Perspektiven die ökonomische Integration von Migrantinnen und Migranten in Deutschland. Hanna Brenzel zeigt, dass Unterschiede in der beruflichen Mobilität die Lohnentwicklung von Migrantinnen/Migranten und Einheimischen beeinflussen, was wiederum zu Lohnunterschieden beiträgt. Zudem werden die Einkommensunterschiede zwischen Migranten und Einheimischen durch unterschiedliche Persönlichkeitsmerkmale beeinflusst. Schließlich verdeutlicht ihre Arbeit, dass Unterschiede in den Arbeitsmarktintegrationsprozessen zwischen Migrantinnen und Migranten, die als Single migrieren und jene, die im Familienkontext migrieren, bestehen. Aufbauend auf diesen drei Haupterkenntnissen fördert Brenzel nicht nur das Verständnis von Lohnunterschieden, sondern erweitert auch das bestehende Wissen um die Integration in den Arbeitsmarkt von oft vernachlässigten Gruppen, indem sie diese in den Vordergrund rückt.
Download or read book Aspects of wage dynamics in Germany written by Jens Stephani and published by wbv Media GmbH & Company KG. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dieses Buch thematisiert verschiedene Aspekte der Lohndynamik in Deutschland. Während der Hauptteil des Buches sich mit dem Lohnwachstum und der Aufstiegsmobilität von Geringverdienern beschäftigt, analysiert ein kleinerer Teil die Entwicklung der Lohneffekte der Tarifbindung für alle Beschäftigten. Unter anderem wird gezeigt, dass die Aufstiegsmobilität von Geringverdienern in besser bezahlte Jobs kein lediglich temporäres Phänomen ist, sondern für diese Beschäftigten zu längerfristig höheren Lohnniveaus führen kann. Das Lohnwachstum von Geringverdienern hängt allerdings von anderen betrieblichen Einflussfaktoren ab als das Lohnwachstum von Besserverdienern. Auch Persönlichkeitsmerkmale wie zum Beispiel die individuelle Kontrollüberzeugung beeinflussen die Aufstiegsmobilität von Geringverdienern. Weiterhin zeigen die Analysen, dass trotz des kontinuierlichen Rückgangs des gewerkschaftlichen Organisationsgrads und der Tarifbindung im letzten Jahrzehnt weiterhin eine - wenn auch geringe - positive Lohnprämie der Tarifbindung existiert.
Download or read book The Psychology of Financial Consumer Behavior written by Dominika Maison and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book stresses the psychological perspective in explaining financial behavior. Traditionally, financial behaviors such as saving, spending, and investing have been explained using demographic and economic factors such as income and product pricing. The consequence of this way of thinking is that financial institutions view their clients mostly from the perspective of their income. By taking a psychological approach, this book stresses the perspective of consumers confronted with a quickly changing financial world: the changing of financial offers and products (savings, investments, loans), the changing of payment methods (from cash to cheques, cards and mobile payments), the accessibility and temptation of goods, and the changing of insurance and pension systems. The Psychology of Financial Consumer Behavior provides insight into the thought processes of consumers in a variety of financial topics. Coverage includes perceptions of wealth, the pleasure or pain of spending, cashless transactions, saving and investing, loans, planning for the future, taxes, and financial education. The book holds appeal for researchers, professionals, and students in economics, psychology, economic psychology, marketing and consumer science, or anyone interested in financial behaviors.
Download or read book Human Capital and Gender Inequality in Middle Income Countries written by Elizabeth M. King and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-11-25 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of cognitive and socioemotional skills alongside education in determining people’s success in the labour market has been the topic of a growing body of research - but previous studies have mostly missed middle-income countries and the developing world because measures of those skills and data on employment and earnings on large enough samples of adults have typically not been available. Using comparable survey data on these schooling, skills and labour market outcomes from 13 developing and emerging economies worldwide, this book revisits human capital and gender inequality models. It presents new estimates of the returns to different levels of schooling as well as cognitive and socioemotional skills for women and men. It examines whether those returns are due to levels of human capital or to structural bias in labour markets, and how these two factors work across the earnings spectrum. The book examines the existence of 'glass ceilings' and 'sticky floors' for women using this expanded measure of human capital. Further, by analyzing a group of countries of wide-ranging levels of economic development and socio-political contexts, the book reveals patterns and insights into how context mediates the relationship between skills and gender gaps in labour market outcomes. This book will be of interest to scholars of human capital and gender inequality in the labour market and development economics, as well as gender and development policy makers.
Download or read book A Modern Guide to the Economics of Happiness written by Luigino Bruni and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring the modern approach to the economics of happiness, which came about with the Easterlin Paradox, this book analyses and assesses the idea that as a country gets richer the happiness of its citizens remains the same. The book moves through three distinct pillars of study in the field: first analysing the historical and philosophical foundations of the debate; then the methodological and measurements issues and their political implications; and finally empirical applications and discussion about what determines a happy life.
Download or read book Coaching for Women Entrepreneurs written by Carianne M. Hunt and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With update-to-date reviews of the current research and literature on women’s entrepreneurship, this is the first book of its kind to address entrepreneurial coaching for women as a development tool. The authors provide a theoretical, conceptual and applied perspective to explore the distinctive challenges facing this group, before discussing the implementations and outcomes of coaching programmes in an entrepreneurial setting. They conclude with strategies for future research and progress. Students and scholars of business management, entrepreneurship and gender studies will find the unique perspectives to be of interest. This book will also be useful as a tool for small business service providers, women entrepreneurs, policy makers and government officials.
Download or read book Gender Convergence in the Labor Market written by Solomon W. Polachek and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2015-01-29 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains new and innovative research articles on issues related to gender convergence in the labor market. Topics include patterns in lifetime work, earnings and human capital investment, the gender wage gap, gender complementarities, career progression, the gender composition of top management and the role of parental leave policies.
Download or read book Complete Training Evaluation written by Richard Griffin and published by Kogan Page Publishers. This book was released on 2014-08-03 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While substantial advances have been made in the L&D profession over the last decade, evaluation remains by far the weakest part of the L&D cycle. Most organisations wish to evaluate the impact of their investment in training but few do it well, and the lack of effective methods is one of the key barriers. Complete Training Evaluation addresses these issues by providing practitioner friendly but academically robust information and guidance on how to evaluate all forms of learning and development. It draws on the author's own multidisciplinary research along with his practical experience of working with private and public sector organisations carrying out evaluation. The book provides practitioners with accessible 'how-to' knowledge and tools to undertake evaluations of both formal and informal learning. Full of case studies and practical examples of application of methods and insights, Complete Training Evaluation equips practitioners with a range of approaches that can be used depending on the training programme, capacity and capability. An online supporting resource includes a bank of evaluation questions grouped around particular aspects of training.
Download or read book Current Perspectives on Social Comparisons and Their Effects written by Sviatlana Kamarova and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Stability of Big five Personality Traits written by Deborah A. Cobb-Clark and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Locus of Control and Savings written by Deborah A. Cobb-Clark and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Triple Package written by Jed Rubenfeld and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2014-02-05 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do Jews win so many Nobel Prizes and Pulitzer Prizes? Why are Mormons running the business and finance sectors? Why do the children of even impoverished and poorly educated Chinese immigrants excel so remarkably at school? It may be taboo to say it, but some cultural groups starkly outperform others. The bestselling husband and wife team Amy Chua, author of Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, and Jed Rubenfeld, author of The Interpretation of Murder, reveal the three essential components of success – its hidden spurs, inner dynamics and its potentially damaging costs – showing how, ultimately, when properly understood and harnessed, the Triple Package can put anyone on their chosen path to success.
Download or read book The Wealth of Networks written by Yochai Benkler and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes how patterns of information, knowledge, and cultural production are changing. The author shows that the way information and knowledge are made available can either limit or enlarge the ways people create and express themselves. He describes the range of legal and policy choices that confront.
Download or read book Modern Political Economics written by Yanis Varoufakis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-29 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once in a while the world astonishes itself. Anxious incredulity replaces intellectual torpor and a puzzled public strains its antennae in every possible direction, desperately seeking explanations for the causes and nature of what just hit it. 2008 was such a moment. Not only did the financial system collapse, and send the real economy into a tailspin, but it also revealed the great gulf separating economics from a very real capitalism. Modern Political Economics has a single aim: To help readers make sense of how 2008 came about and what the post-2008 world has in store. The book is divided into two parts. The first part delves into every major economic theory, from Aristotle to the present, with a determination to discover clues of what went wrong in 2008. The main finding is that all economic theory is inherently flawed. Any system of ideas whose purpose is to describe capitalism in mathematical or engineering terms leads to inevitable logical inconsistency; an inherent error that stands between us and a decent grasp of capitalist reality. The only scientific truth about capitalism is its radical indeterminacy, a condition which makes it impossible to use science's tools (e.g. calculus and statistics) to second-guess it. The second part casts an attentive eye on the post-war era; on the breeding ground of the Crash of 2008. It distinguishes between two major post-war phases: The Global Plan (1947-1971) and the Global Minotaur (1971-2008). This dynamic new book delves into every major economic theory and maps out meticulously the trajectory that global capitalism followed from post-war almost centrally planned stability, to designed disintegration in the 1970s, to an intentional magnification of unsustainable imbalances in the 1980s and, finally, to the most spectacular privatisation of money in the 1990s and beyond. Modern Political Economics is essential reading for Economics students and anyone seeking a better understanding of the 2008 economic crash.
Download or read book Debunking Economics written by Steve Keen and published by Zed Books. This book was released on 2001-07-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the score card for economics at the start of the new millennium? While there are many different schools of economic thought, it is the neo-classical school, with its alleged understanding and simplistic advocacy of the market, that has become equated in the public mind with economics. This book shows that virtually every aspect of conventional neo-classical economics' thinking is intellectually unsound. Steve Keen draws on an impressive array of advanced critical thinking. He constitutes a profound critique of the principle concepts, theories, and methodologies of the mainstream discipline. Keen raises grave doubts about economics' pretensions to established scientific status and its reliability as a guide to understanding the real world of economic life and its policy-making.
Download or read book From Parents to Children written by John Ermisch and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2012-05-01 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does economic inequality in one generation lead to inequality of opportunity in the next? In From Parents to Children, an esteemed international group of scholars investigates this question using data from ten countries with differing levels of inequality. The book compares whether and how parents' resources transmit advantage to their children at different stages of development and sheds light on the structural differences among countries that may influence intergenerational mobility. How and why is economic mobility higher in some countries than in others? The contributors find that inequality in mobility-relevant skills emerges early in childhood in all of the countries studied. Bruce Bradbury and his coauthors focus on learning readiness among young children and show that as early as age five, large disparities in cognitive and other mobility-relevant skills develop between low- and high-income kids, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom. Such disparities may be mitigated by investments in early childhood education, as Christelle Dumas and Arnaud Lefranc demonstrate. They find that universal pre-school education in France lessens the negative effect of low parental SES and gives low-income children a greater shot at social mobility. Katherine Magnuson, Jane Waldfogel, and Elizabeth Washbrook find that income-based gaps in cognitive achievement in the United States and the United Kingdom widen as children reach adolescence. Robert Haveman and his coauthors show that the effect of parental income on test scores increases as children age; and in both the United States and Canada, having parents with a higher income betters the chances that a child will enroll in college. As economic inequality in the United States continues to rise, the national policy conversation will not only need to address the devastating effects of rising inequality in this generation but also the potential consequences of the decline in mobility from one generation to the next. Drawing on unparalleled international datasets, From Parents to Children provides an important first step.
