Download or read book Turkmen Reference Grammar written by Larry V. Clark and published by Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. This book was released on 1998 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Learning to Become Turkmen written by Victoria Clement and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2018-05-19 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learning to Become Turkmen examines the ways in which the iconography of everyday life—in dramatically different alphabets, multiple languages, and shifting education policies—reflects the evolution of Turkmen society in Central Asia over the past century. As Victoria Clement shows, the formal structures of the Russian imperial state did not affect Turkmen cultural formations nearly as much as Russian language and Cyrillic script. Their departure was also as transformative to Turkmen politics and society as their arrival. Complemented by extensive fieldwork, Learning to Become Turkmen is the first book in a Western language to draw on Turkmen archives, as it explores how Eurasia has been shaped historically. Revealing particular ways that Central Asians relate to the rest of the world, this study traces how Turkmen consciously used language and pedagogy to position themselves within global communities such as the Russian/Soviet Empire, the Turkic cultural continuum, and the greater Muslim world.

Download or read book U S Army Special Forces Language Visual Training Materials TURKMEN Plus Web Based Program and Chapter Audio Downloads written by and published by Jeffrey Frank Jones. This book was released on with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now included at the end of the book is a link for a web-based program, PDFs and MP3 sound files for each chapter. Over 350 pages .... Developed by I Corps Foreign Language Training Center Fort Lewis, WA For the Special Operations Forces Language Office United States Special Operations Command LANGUAGE TRAINING The ability to speak a foreign language is a core unconventional warfare skill and is being incorporated throughout all phases of the qualification course. The students will receive their language assignment after the selection phase where they will receive a language starter kit that allows them to begin language training while waiting to return to Fort Bragg for Phase II. The 3rd Bn, 1st SWTG (A) is responsible for all language training at the USAJFKSWCS. The Special Operations Language Training (SOLT) is primarily a performance-oriented language course. Students are trained in one of ten core languages with enduring regional application and must show proficiency in speaking, listening and reading. A student receives language training throughout the Pipeline. In Phase IV, students attend an 8 or 14 week language blitz depending upon the language they are slotted in. The general purpose of the course is to provide each student with the ability to communicate in a foreign language. For successful completion of the course, the student must achieve at least a 1/1/1 or higher on the Defense Language Proficiency Test in two of the three graded areas; speaking, listening and reading. Table of Contents Introduction Introduction Lesson 1 People and Geography Lesson 2 Living and Working Lesson 3 Numbers, Dates, and Time Lesson 4 Daily Activities Lesson 5 Meeting the Family Lesson 6 Around Town Lesson 7 Shopping Lesson 8 Eating Out Lesson 9 Customs, and Courtesies in the Home Lesson 10 Around the House Lesson 11 Weather and Climate Lesson 12 Personal Appearance Lesson 13 Transportation Lesson 14 Travel Lesson 15 At School Lesson 16 Recreation and Leisure Lesson 17 Health and the Human Body Lesson 18 Political and International Topics in the News Lesson 19 The Military Lesson 20 Holidays and Traditions

Download or read book Turkmen written by Nicholas Awde and published by Hippocrene Books. This book was released on 2005 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkmen is the official language of the Republic of Turkmenistan, where more than two million people speak it. There are a further one million Turkmen speakers divided between Iran, Afghanistan, and to a lesser extent Turkey, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, the United States, and Germany. Turkmen has been transliterated into various scripts, but in 1996 a specially modified Roman alphabet replaced the Cyrillic script in Turkmenistan. This book contains a resourceful two-way dictionary that indicates parts of speech and provides clear examples to help clarify ambiguous meanings. Also included are an informative grammar and a brief guide to pronunciation. A collection of travel-oriented phrases comprises such diverse topics as "Relief Aid" and "Getting Around." Important notes on Turkmen culture, as well as travel information, are also given.

Download or read book Iranian and Minority Languages at Home and in Diaspora written by Anousha Sedighi and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-02-20 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the typology, syntax, and morphology of Iranian languages have been widely explored, the sociolinguistic aspects remain largely understudied. The present companion addresses this essential yet overlooked area of research in two ways: (i) The book explores multilingualism within Iran and its neighbouring countries. (ii) It also investigates Iranian heritage languages within the diasporic context of the West. The scope of languages covered is vast: In addition to discussing Iranian minority languages such as Tati and Balochi, the book explores non-Iranian minority languages such as Azeri, Tukmen, Armenian and Mandaic. Furthermore, the companion investigates Iranian heritage languages such as Wakhi, Pashto, and Persian within their diasporic and global contexts. In the current era of migration and globalization, minority and heritage speakers are increasingly valuable resources. By focusing on the speakers, the companion provides new insights into a multitude of sociolinguistic issues including language attitude and identity, language use and literacy practices, language policy, language shift and loss. The companion is an essential reference for those interested in Iranian languages, minority languages, heritage languages, sociolinguistics, bilingualism, language policy and planning, diaspora and migration studies, as well as those researching in related fields.

Download or read book Advances in Natural Language Processing written by Tapio Salakoski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Natural Language Processing, FinTAL 2006, held in Turku, Finland in August 2006. The book presents 72 revised full papers together with 1 invited talk and the extended abstracts of 2 invited keynote addresses. The papers address all current issues in computational linguistics and monolingual and multilingual intelligent language processing - theory, methods and applications.

Download or read book Introduction to Turkmenistan written by Gilad James, PhD and published by Gilad James Mystery School. This book was released on with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turkmenistan is a Central Asian country bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Iran, and Afghanistan. It became an independent country in 1991 after the Soviet Union dissolved. The country's population is predominantly Muslim and its official language is Turkmen. Turkmenistan's economy is heavily dependent on its vast natural gas reserves, which rank fourth in the world. The government tightly controls its natural resources and foreign investment, leading to a lack of economic diversification and limited opportunities for private businesses. The country has been criticized for its lack of political and religious freedoms and its government's authoritarian policies. Despite these issues, Turkmenistan has a rich cultural history, including unique traditions of carpet weaving, music, and crafts.

Download or read book An Introduction to the Turkmen Language written by G. K. Dulling and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Politics of Language in the Ex Soviet Muslim States written by Jacob M. Landau and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique analysis of language policies in the central Asian states of the former Soviet Union

Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress. Cataloging Policy and Support Office and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tribal Nation written by Adrienne Lynn Edgar and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2006-09-05 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 27, 1991, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic declared its independence from the Soviet Union. Hammer and sickle gave way to a flag, a national anthem, and new holidays. Seven decades earlier, Turkmenistan had been a stateless conglomeration of tribes. What brought about this remarkable transformation? Tribal Nation addresses this question by examining the Soviet effort in the 1920s and 1930s to create a modern, socialist nation in the Central Asian Republic of Turkmenistan. Adrienne Edgar argues that the recent focus on the Soviet state as a "maker of nations" overlooks another vital factor in Turkmen nationhood: the complex interaction between Soviet policies and indigenous notions of identity. In particular, the genealogical ideas that defined premodern Turkmen identity were reshaped by Soviet territorial and linguistic ideas of nationhood. The Soviet desire to construct socialist modernity in Turkmenistan conflicted with Moscow's policy of promoting nationhood, since many Turkmen viewed their "backward customs" as central to Turkmen identity. Tribal Nation is the first book in any Western language on Soviet Turkmenistan, the first to use both archival and indigenous-language sources to analyze Soviet nation-making in Central Asia, and among the few works to examine the Soviet multinational state from a non-Russian perspective. By investigating Soviet nation-making in one of the most poorly understood regions of the Soviet Union, it also sheds light on broader questions about nationalism and colonialism in the twentieth century.

Download or read book The Languages of the World written by Kenneth Katzner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-09-11 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition of Kenneth Katzner's best-selling guide to languages is essential reading for language enthusiasts everywhere. Written with the non-specialist in mind, its user-friendly style and layout, delightful original passages, and exotic scripts, will continue to fascinate the reader. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to include more languages, more countries, and up-to-date data on populations. Features include: *information on nearly 600 languages *individual descriptions of 200 languages, with sample passages and English translations *concise notes on where each language is spoken, its history, alphabet and pronunciation *coverage of every country in the world, its main language and speaker numbers *an introduction to language families

Download or read book The Turkic Languages and Literatures of Central Asia written by Rudolf Loewenthal and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-11-10 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Library of Congress Subject Headings written by Library of Congress. Office for Subject Cataloging Policy and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Perestroika In The Soviet Republics written by Charles F Furtado and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The political and economic changes that occurred in the Soviet Union in the six and one-half years of Mikhail Gorbachev's tenure as General Secretary were breathtaking in their scope and rapidity, going far beyond most observeiS' expectatiom. Certainly, the process of refonn which we call perestroilal transfonned the ossified one-party socialist state that had prevailed underGorbachev's predecessors. The reasons for embarking on such a coume of reform were varied-eamomic aism and a decline in the Soviet state's ability to provide social welfare services for its citizens, an increasingly apathetic population, and a tense international environment-all of these factoiS convinced the Soviet leadeiShip of the necessity of drastic change. The policies of Gorbachev set refonn in motion: freeing public expression (glllsnost); encouraging economic decentralization and private initiative; and creating a more cooperative relationship with the West."

Download or read book Turkic Peoples Of The World written by Margaret Bainbridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1993. From time to time the outbreak of hostilities in some part of the world or other brings to the notice of the Western media peoples of whose very existence they have previously been unaware. We may mention two such which have made headlines in 1989 and 1990: the Turks of Bulgaria and the Azerbayjanis of the Soviet Union and Iran. Too frequently, however, in interpreting such events, observers tend to attribute the conflict to the one factor which happens to be fashionable at the time; currently that factor seems to be religion. Too rarely do they observe other differences which may exist between the parties in conflict and which may in the end prove more potent; for instance, that the factor most likely to set people apart from each other as they go about their daily business may not be religion at all, but language. As an example of this, too few have pointed out that the Azerbayjanis of the Soviet Union differ from the neighbouring Armenians not only in religion but also in language, and that this contrasts with the situation over the border where the Azerbayjanis of Iran differ from neighbouring Iranians only in language, in speaking Turkic, for they share with the majority Persian population their Shi'ite Muslim faith. This volume holds a collection of essays on the Turkic people in different countries.