Download or read book Tree Growth and Hydrologic Patterns in Forested Mitigation Wetlands written by Debra Lynn Gamble and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Tree growth and hydrologic patterns in three forested mitigation wetlands in Central Ohio were compared with a reference forested wetland and with previous data collected at these wetlands. Trees in two of these forested wetlands had been planted around deep water basins, while the other two wetlands, including a reference wetland, had established forests around vernal pools. Hydroperiod and precipitation data were used to quantify aspects of the hydrology of these wetlands and to create a vernal pool model. Tree growth, survival and recruitment data were used to assess the persistence of the trees and their productivity and to validate a previously created tree growth model. Groundwater and surface water fluctuations in these wetlands reflect different water sources, their connectivity to those sources and the size of their watershed. The two planted sites received their primary water sources from streams but their hydrographs were decidedly different. One site is connected to a stream with a large watershed, but the site is separated from the streamfiow by an inlet weir until the stream floods over the weir, which only occurs several times a year. Vernal pools at two of the wetland sites received their primary water from precipitation, but the mean depth and duration of inundation of vernal pools was significantly higher at the created vernal pool site than at the natural vernal pool site. Trees at the planted sites had significantly higher growth in DBH per year than the established sites. However, the established forest sites had significantly larger trees and, as a result, significantly higher basal area growth per year than the planted sites. Total basal area of the reference site was 38 m2/ha while at the planted sites it was around 2 m2/ha. Diversity and species richness was highest at the reference site (H' = 2.7, richness = 29) while the planted sites averaged H' of 2.05 and richness of 12.5. Tree species response to elevation varied according to site. The established sites, with larger and flood tolerant trees at lower elevations, exhibited greater growth there, while the planted sites showed the highest growth at mid-elevations. Fraxinuspennsylvanica exhibited the greatest growth in DBHJyr and basal area/yr at 0.9 cm/yr and 11.5 cm2/yr, respectively. The most dominant species at the planted sites was Acer saccharinum and the tree growth model predicted its growth within 10%. Using this model it was estimated that Acer saccharinum trees would need 44 years to meet the reference site's average DBH. Quercus palustris was the planted species with the lowest mortality at both sites. Volunteer trees made up 60% of the trees at the planted sites. Planting did speed up growth as the mean DBH of planted Fraxinus pennsylvanica was 13.0 cm while volunteer trees' was 2.6 cm. The three created sites each exemplified a property that enhanced tree growth, density or productivity. The site with the greatest hydrologic pulsing produced the greatest growth in DBH/yr; the site closest to an existing bottomland forest had the greatest tree density, volunteer tree DBH and height; and the site created in an existing forest generated the highest basal area increase per year.
Download or read book Forest Hydrology written by Devendra Amatya and published by CABI. This book was released on 2016-09-14 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forests cover approximately 26% of the world's land surface area and represent a distinct biotic community. They interact with water and soil in a variety of ways, providing canopy surfaces which trap precipitation and allow evaporation back into the atmosphere, thus regulating how much water reaches the forest floor as through fall, as well as pull water from the soil for transpiration. The discipline "forest hydrology" has been developed throughout the 20th century. During that time human intervention in natural landscapes has increased, and land use and management practices have intensified. The book will be useful for graduate students, professionals, land managers, practitioners, and researchers with a good understanding of the basic principles of hydrology and hydrologic processes.
Download or read book Ecology of Tidal Freshwater Forested Wetlands of the Southeastern United States written by William H. Conner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-06-24 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book draws together the latest findings on the hydrological processes, community organization, and stress physiology of freshwater, tidally influenced land-margin forests of the southeastern United States. It describes the land use history that led to the restricted distribution of these wetlands, and provides descriptions of the hydrology, soils, biogeochemistry, and physiological ecology of these systems, highlighting the similarities shared among tidal freshwater forested wetlands.
Download or read book Wetland Ecosystems written by William J. Mitsch and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-04-13 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New focused text introduces readers to wetland ecosystems and systems approaches to studying wetlands With its comprehensive coverage of wetland science, management, and restoration, Mitsch and Gosselink's Wetlands has been the premier reference on wetlands for more than two decades. Now, the coverage of specific wetland ecosystem types from earlier editions of this acclaimed work has been updated, revised, and supplemented with additional content in order to create this new text focusing exclusively on wetland ecosystems. This book now complements Wetlands, Fourth Edition. Following an introduction to ecosystems in general and wetland ecosystems in particular, Wetland Ecosystems examines the major types of wetlands found throughout the world: coastal wetlands, freshwater marshes and forested swamps, and peatlands. The final chapter reviews three fundamental systems approaches to studying wetlands: mesocosms, full-scale experimental ecosystems, and mathematical modeling. This new text features: Updated descriptions of the hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biology of the main types of wetlands found in the world New content introducing general ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, whole ecosystem and mesocosm experiments with wetlands, and systems ecology and modeling A detailed description of the ecosystem services provided by wetlands A broad international scope, including many examples of wetlands located outside North America Two new coauthors offering new perspectives and additional insights into the latest ecosystem and modeling techniques An abundance of illustrations helps readers understand how different biological communities and the abiotic environment in wetland ecosystems interact and function. Tables and text boxes provide at-a-glance summaries of key information. Lastly, each chapter concludes with a list of recommended readings. This text has been designed as an introduction for students and professionals in wetland ecology and management, general ecology, environmental science, and natural resource management.
Download or read book Greenbrier Pipline Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Grasslands Pipeline Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the importance of wetland protection, the Bush administration in 1988 endorsed the goal of "no net loss" of wetlands. Specifically, it directed that filling of wetlands should be avoided, and minimized when it cannot be avoided. When filling is permitted, compensatory mitigation must be undertaken; that is, wetlands must be restored, created, enhanced, and, in exceptional cases, preserved, to replace the permitted loss of wetland area and function, such as water quality improvement within the watershed. After more than a dozen years, the national commitment to "no net loss" of wetlands has been evaluated. This new book explores the adequacy of science and technology for replacing wetland function and the effectiveness of the federal program of compensatory mitigation in accomplishing the nation's goal of clean water. It examines the regulatory framework for permitting wetland filling and requiring mitigation, compares the mitigation institutions that are in use, and addresses the problems that agencies face in ensuring sustainability of mitigated wetlands over the long term. Gleaning lessons from the mixed results of mitigation efforts to date, the book offers 10 practical guidelines for establishing and monitoring mitigated wetlands. It also recommends that federal, state, and local agencies undertake specific institutional reforms. This book will be important to anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the "no net loss" issue: policy makers, regulators, environmental scientists, educators, and wetland advocates.
Download or read book The Wetland Book written by C. Max Finlayson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 1546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In discussion with Ramsar’s Max Finlayson and Nick Davidson, and several members of the Society of Wetland Scientists, Springer is proposing the development of a new Encyclopedia of Wetlands, a comprehensive resource aimed at supporting the trans- and multidisciplinary research and practice which is inherent to this field. Aware both that wetlands research is on the rise and that researchers and students are often working or learning across several disciplines, we are proposing a readily accessible online and print reference which will be the first port of call on key concepts in wetlands science and management. This easy-to-follow reference will allow multidisciplinary teams and transdisciplinary individuals to look up terms, access further details, read overviews on key issues and navigate to key articles selected by experts.
Download or read book Wetlands written by Committee on Characterization of Wetlands and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-20 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Wetlands" has become a hot word in the current environmental debate. But what does it signify? In 1991, proposed changes in the legal definities of wetlands stirred controversy and focused attention on the scientific and economic aspects of their management. This volume explores how to define wetlands. The committee--whose members were drawn from academia, government, business, and the environmental community--builds a rational, scientific basis for delineating wetlands in the landscape and offers recommendations for further action. Wetlands also discusses the diverse hydrological and ecological functions of wetlands, and makes recommendations concerning so-called controversial areas such as permafrost wetlands, riparian ecosystems, irregularly flooded sites, and agricultural wetlands. It presents criteria for identifying wetlands and explores the problems of applying those criteria when there are seasonal changes in water levels. This comprehensive and practical volume will be of interest to environmental scientists and advocates, hydrologists, policymakers, regulators, faculty, researchers, and students of environmental studies.
Download or read book Tongass National Forest N F Threemile Timber Harvest written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wetland and Water Resource Modeling and Assessment written by Wei Ji and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-12-13 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a wetland of international importance located in China, the Poyang Lake Basin's incredible topographical and biological diversity has provided a congregating point for scientists from around the world to engage in cross-disciplinary research. In particular, the International Conference on Poyang Lake Complex Environment System was instrumental i
Download or read book A guide to forest water management written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many people worldwide lack adequate access to clean water to meet basic needs, and many important economic activities, such as energy production and agriculture, also require water. Climate change is likely to aggravate water stress. As temperatures rise, ecosystems and the human, plant, and animal communities that depend on them will need more water to maintain their health and to thrive. Forests and trees are integral to the global water cycle and therefore vital for water security – they regulate water quantity, quality, and timing and provide protective functions against (for example) soil and coastal erosion, flooding, and avalanches. Forested watersheds provide 75 percent of our freshwater, delivering water to over half the world’s population. The purpose of A Guide to Forest–Water Management is to improve the global information base on the protective functions of forests for soil and water. It reviews emerging techniques and methodologies, provides guidance and recommendations on how to manage forests for their water ecosystem services, and offers insights into the business and economic cases for managing forests for water ecosystem services. Intact native forests and well-managed planted forests can be a relatively cheap approach to water management while generating multiple co-benefits. Water security is a significant global challenge, but this paper argues that water-centered forests can provide nature-based solutions to ensuring global water resilience.
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 1164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book BP Cherry Point Cogeneration Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Creating and Restoring Wetlands written by Christopher Craft and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-05-12 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating and Restoring Wetlands: From Theory to Practice, Second Edition describes the challenges and opportunities relating to the restoration of freshwater and estuarine wetlands in natural, agricultural, and urban environments in the coming century. This second edition is structured by clearly defined chapters based on specific wetland types (e.g. Peatlands, Mangroves) and with a consistent and coherent organization for ease of discoverability. The table of contents is divided into four main subjects: Foundations, Restoration of Freshwater Wetlands, Restoration of Estuarine Wetlands, and From Theory to Practice, each with multiple chapters. Part 1, Foundations, contains chapters describing definitions of wetlands, ecological theory used to guide restoration, and considerations on where to implement restoration on the landscape. In Parts 2 and 3, restoration of specific freshwater (marshes, forests, peatlands) and estuarine (tidal marshes, mangroves) wetlands are described. Part 4, From Theory to Practice, contains chapters describing performance standards to gauge success of projects and case studies describing small-scale and large-scale restoration projects of various freshwater and estuarine wetlands. Each chapter contains clearly labeled sections which assist the reader to quickly and easily key in on the subject matter that they are seeking. The approach of Creating and Restoring Wetlands is unique in that, in each chapter, it links ecological theory important to ecosystem restoration with practical techniques to undertake and implement successful wetland restoration projects, including recommendations for performance standards to gauge success as well as realistic expectations and timescales for achieving success. Each chapter ends with a summary table describing keys to ensure success for a given wetland ecosystem. - Each chapter ends with a summary table describing keys to ensure success for a given wetland ecosystem - Written by a single author, providing a consistent structure that is coherent, cohesive and well referenced - Contains case studies of small- and large-scale restoration activities ensuring relevance to individuals and organizations
Download or read book Wetlands Regulatory Reform Act of 1995 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 1184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
