Download or read book Transporting Crude Oil by U S Rail written by Rosario S. McLaughlin and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North America is experiencing a boom in crude oil supply, primarily due to growing production in the Canadian oil sands and the recent expansion of shale oil production from the Bakken fields in North Dakota and Montana as well as the Eagle Ford and Permian Basins in Texas. Taken together, these new supplies are fundamentally changing the U.S. oil supply-demand balance. The United States now meets 66% of its crude oil demand from production in North America, displacing imports from overseas and positioning the United States to have excess oil and refined products supplies in some regions. This book provides a background of the United States rail transportation of crude oil, as well as discusses the issues it leaves for Congress.
Download or read book Transporting US Oil Imports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (OPA'') and an even more problematic array of State pollution laws have raised the cost, and risk, of carrying oil into and out of the US. This report, prepared under contract to the US Department of energy's Office of Domestic and International Policy, examines the impact of Federal and State oil spill legislation on the tanker market. It reviews the role of marine transportation in US oil supply, explores the OPA and State oil spill laws, studies reactions to OPA in the tanker and tank barge industries and in related industries such as insurance and ship finance, and finally, discusses the likely developments in the years ahead. US waterborne oil imports amounted to 6.5 million B/D in 1991, three-quarters of which was crude oil. Imports will rise by almost 3 million B/D by 2000 according to US Department of energy forecasts, with most of the crude oil growth after 1995. Tanker demand will grow even faster: most of the US imports and the increased traffic to other world consuming regions will be on long-haul trades. Both the number of US port calls by tankers and the volume of offshore lightering will grow. Every aspect of the tanker industry's behavior is affected by OPA and a variety of State pollution laws.
Download or read book U S Rail Transportation of Crude Oil written by Congressional Research Congressional Research Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: North America is experiencing a boom in crude oil supply, primarily due to growing production in the Canadian oil sands and the recent expansion of shale oil production from the Bakken fields in North Dakota and Montana as well as the Eagle Ford and Permian Basins in Texas. Taken together, these new supplies are fundamentally changing the U.S. oil supply-demand balance. The United States now meets 66% of its crude oil demand from production in North America, displacing imports from overseas and positioning the United States to have excess oil and refined products supplies in some regions. The rapid expansion of North American oil production has led to significant challenges in transporting crudes efficiently and safely to domestic markets-principally refineries-using the nation's legacy pipeline infrastructure. In the face of continued uncertainty about the prospects for additional pipeline capacity, and as a quicker, more flexible alternative to new pipeline projects, North American crude oil producers are increasingly turning to rail as a means of transporting crude supplies to U.S. markets. Railroads are more willing to enter into shorter-term contracts with shippers than pipelines, offering more flexibility in a volatile oil market. According to rail industry officials, U.S. freight railroads delivered 435,560 carloads of crude oil in 2013 (roughly equivalent to 300 million barrels), compared to 9,500 carloads in 2008. In the first half of 2014, 258,541 carloads of crude oil were delivered. Crude imports by rail from Canada have increased more than 20-fold since 2011. The amount of oil transported by rail may also be influenced by a tight market for U.S.-built tankers. However, if recent oil price declines persist and the price falls below the level at which Bakken producers can cover their costs, some production could be shut in, potentially reducing the volume of oil carried by rail. While oil by rail has demonstrated benefits with respect to the efficient movement of oil from producing regions to market hubs, it has also raised significant concerns about transportation safety and potential impacts to the environment. The most recent data available indicate that railroads consistently spill less crude oil per ton-mile transported than other modes of land transportation. Nonetheless, safety and environmental concerns have been underscored by a series of major accidents across North America involving crude oil transportation by rail-including a catastrophic fire that caused numerous fatalities and destroyed much of Lac Mégantic, Quebec, in 2013. Following that event, the U.S. Department of Transportation issued a safety alert warning that the type of crude oil being transported from the Bakken region may be more flammable than traditional heavy crude oil. Legislation introduced in Congress following the Lac Mégantic disaster would require railroads to have at least two crew members aboard all trains. In addition, policy makers are proposing regulatory changes involving tank car design, prevention of derailments, and selection of preferred routes for transporting oil by rail. Congress may evaluate these changes in the reauthorization of the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008 (P.L. 110-432).
Download or read book Transporting US Oil Imports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oil Pollution Act of 1990 (''OPA'') and an even more problematic array of State pollution laws have raised the cost, and risk, of carrying oil into and out of the US. This report, prepared under contract to the US Department of energy's Office of Domestic and International Policy, examines the impact of Federal and State oil spill legislation on the tanker market. It reviews the role of marine transportation in US oil supply, explores the OPA and State oil spill laws, studies reactions to OPA in the tanker and tank barge industries and in related industries such as insurance and ship finance, and finally, discusses the likely developments in the years ahead. US waterborne oil imports amounted to 6.5 million B/D in 1991, three-quarters of which was crude oil. Imports will rise by almost 3 million B/D by 2000 according to US Department of energy forecasts, with most of the crude oil growth after 1995. Tanker demand will grow even faster: most of the US imports and the increased traffic to other world consuming regions will be on long-haul trades. Both the number of US port calls by tankers and the volume of offshore lightering will grow. Every aspect of the tanker industry's behavior is affected by OPA and a variety of State pollution laws.
Download or read book Importing Into the United States written by U. S. Customs and Border Protection and published by . This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains process of importing goods into the U.S., including informed compliance, invoices, duty assessments, classification and value, marking requirements, etc.
Download or read book World Oil Developments and U S Oil Import Policies written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report on the petroleum import situation in the USA - considers the production costs for the major exporting countries, the sea transport costs, the tariff agreements, the royalties obtained by the OPEC countries, etc., and debates the question whether to substitute import taxes for quotas to control petroleum imports (import restrictions). References and statistical tables.
Download or read book U S Oil Import Vulnerability written by and published by Office of Technology Assessment. This book was released on 1991 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Imported Oil and U S National Security written by Keith Crane and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2009 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assesses economic, political, and military concerns arising from the United States' dependence on foreign oil.
Download or read book Transportation Charges for Imported Crude Oil written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book World Oil Developments and U S Oil Import Policies written by United States Tariff Commission and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Limiting Oil Imports written by Douglas R. Bohi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 2011. This book presents the results of the third phase of our analysis of U.S. oil imports in relation to U.S. energy policy. It presents a definitive history and analysis of the United States' experiment with formal oil import controls and addresses three questions: The first is how the U.S. energy situation, especially energy security, was affected by what was going on in the rest of the world. The second is the more narrow issue of what energy security options appeared available to the United States from the perspective of the special conditions which existed during 1974-75. The third question, the main subject of this book, and the one with which we initially began, was what lessons might be learned from earlier efforts to limit imports, especially through the Mandatory Oil Import Program.
Download or read book U S Oil Imports Context and Considerations written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transporting U S Oil Imports written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transportation Energy Data Book written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book US Oil Imports policies and tanker shipping written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book US Oil Imports Policies and Tanker Shipping written by H.P. Drewry (Shipping Consultants). Research Division and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book How America Can Stop Importing Foreign Oil written by Jerry Fenning and published by . This book was released on 2012-09 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this book is to enlighten the public of the tremendous potential of natural gas. America currently has an oversupply of cheap natural gas. And it has huge reserves, enough to take care of this country's energy needs for the rest of this century and more. Only a few other countries have more reserves than are found in the United states. There is a massive drilling campaign underway within the continental U.S. resulting from discovery of new shale oil fields or plays and the development of horizontal drilling techniques and fracturing. This has resulted in the production of more natural gas than the country can currently use. America is in position to be free of dependence on foreign oil, to be free of smog and pollution of air resulting from the exhaust of gasoline and diesel powered vehicles and relief from the high prices of gasoline and diesel at the pump. All the country needs to do is switch to natural gas to power its cars, buses, trucks and trains. But America needs to wake up to the fact of these new-found riches. Switching to natural gas can put millions of people to work, put extra dollars in every motorist's pocket and leave hundreds of billions of dollars in circulation in America instead of being sent overseas. The U.S. is way behind other countries in the number of natural gas vehicles on the road. Sixteen countries have more vehicles powered by natural gas than this country. There are two countries with 20 times as many natural gas vehicles on the road than this country, this despite the U.S. having nearly the most natural gas reserves and the most developed transportation system. Switching to natural gas on a wholesale basis in America is not happening. There are too many people in and out of Congress and too many entities preventing it from happening. This report seeks to answer whether and to what degree there are forces and entities that are maintaining the price of gasoline and diesel at artificially high levels, how fast can conversion to natural gas as a fuel for transportation be accomplished, what are the obstacles that must be overcome, are there people and entities standing in the way and what are the benefits of converting to natural gas as a fuel for transportation.
