Download or read book Translational Glycobiology in Human Health and Disease written by Michelle Kilcoyne and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-11-29 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Along with nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids, carbohydrates stand as one of four main components of cellular architecture. However, glycobiology (or carbohydrate bioscience) is little understood by non-experts, partly because carbohydrates are a complex, diverse class of molecules structurally and functionally. In recent years, advances in computational analytics (glycomics) have allowed us to better interpret and realize the importance of glycobiology in human health and disease, and glycans and their associated processes have been shown to play a significant role across a variety of disease types. As the biomedical sciences continue to adopt multi-omic and precision medicine approaches, a greater understanding of glycobiology is essential for maintaining healthy physiology and advancing disease treatment.Translational Glycobiology in Human Health and Disease offers a deep examination of glycobiology for experts and non-experts alike in areas ranging from the role of glycobiology in chronic and infectious diseases to advances in technologies for higher throughput analysis and diagnosis. While keeping human health in the forefront, this book integrates a thorough discussion of glycobiology fundamentals with its growing areas of application and societal impact. With emphasis throughout on the interdisciplinary nature of glycosciences, this book also features perspectives from the health, computational (glycoanalytics), materials, biopharmaceutical, and diagnostic sciences.Disease and speciality areas addressed include gycoimmunology, neuroglycobiology, commensal glycobiology, gut health, regenerative medicine and glycobiology, glycobiology and cancer, congenital disorders of glycosylation, infectious disease glycobiology, and parasite glycobiology. Computational approaches discussed, supporting the advance of new research, include advanced glycoanalytics, glycomics microarrays, glycoengineering, and glycol systems biology. Additionally, authors consider impact areas for society and public health, such as glycobiology and entrepreneurship, policy and regulatory requirements for glycosylation, future research, and translation to new diagnostics and drug discovery. Provides a deep, foundational overview of glycoscience and its translational potential, highlighting glycobiology’s growing role in human health and disease study Examines a broad range of relevant disease areas and applications of glycobiology in policy and public health Features chapter contributions from leading, international experts in the field, fully integrating perspectives from the health, computational, materials, biopharmaceutical, and diagnostic sciences

Download or read book The Role of Glycosylation in Health and Disease written by Gordan Lauc and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glycobiology is an emerging field of studying glycans (sugars) and glycoconjugates that are essentially involved in almost all biological processes, from fine-tuning glycoprotein function to protein-protein interactions, signaling, immune response, host-pathogen interactions, etc. However, due to structural complexity of glycans and analytical challenges this exciting field was lagging behind other areas of biology. With technological advancements growing number of glycans’ functions are being discovered and the study of glycans is becoming a cutting-edge discipline in basic and clinical research. Despite recent developments in glycobiology field, many aspects of glycosylation process still remain unknown, both in a healthy human organism and in pathological states. Human glycome is dynamic and changes with physiological triggers, immune challenges and disease. Atypical glycosylation is consequently a subject of disease biomarker research, and a target for therapeutic interventions. On the other hand, properties of glycosylated biotherapeutics are predominantly determined by their glycans. The Role of Glycosylation in Health and Disease provides a comprehensive overview of types and functions of glycans in a healthy human organism as well as their role in pathophysiology of different diseases and efficiency of glycosylated biotherapeutics. Written by the experts in the field, this book aims to bring glycobiology field closer to students, researchers in life sciences and professionals in biopharmaceutical industry.

Download or read book Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-03-22 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glycans and Glycosaminoglycans as Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutics - Part A, Volume 162 in the Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science series provides informative monographs on a variety of research topics related to Glycans and glycosaminoglycans as clinical biomarkers and therapeutics. Topics in this update include Glycan-based Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Cancers and Other Diseases: Past, Present and Future, Desialylation in Diseases and its Application in Diagnostic and Therapeutic Development, Proteoglycans as Miscommunication Biomarkers for Cancer Diagnosis, Fucosylation in Cancer Biology and Its Clinical Applications, Retrospective Analysis of Glycan-Related Biomarkers Based on Clinical Laboratory Data in Two Medical Centers, and many related topics. Includes comprehensive coverage of molecular biology Presents ample use of tables, diagrams, schemata and color figures to enhance the reader's ability to rapidly grasp the information provided Contains contributions from renowned experts in the field

Download or read book Sialic Acids and Sialoglycoconjugates in the Biology of Life Health and Disease written by Shyamasree Ghosh and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-01-08 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sialic Acids and Sialoglycoconjugates in the Biology of Life, Health and Disease enables the reader to understand the role of sialylation as a post translational modification. The book provides insights on the latest knowledge in the field of sialoglycobiology. Sialic acids as terminal residues of oligosaccharide chains play crucial roles in several cellular recognition events. Synthesized post translationally, they play an important role in recognition, signaling, immunological response and cell-cell interaction. Improper sialylations have been associated with several diseases including cancer. In the post genomics and proteomics era, sialoglybiology has become more and more important in deciphering health and disease conditions. Discusses the sialic acids and their role in different diseases (other than cancer) Provides an understanding of sialylations as post translational modifications (PTM) Demonstrates the impact sialylation has on infectious diseases, the autoimmune system and health Gives insights on the importance of sialic acid biology through animal models

Download or read book Essentials of Glycobiology written by Ajit Varki and published by CSHL Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sugar chains (glycans) are often attached to proteins and lipids and have multiple roles in the organization and function of all organisms. "Essentials of Glycobiology" describes their biogenesis and function and offers a useful gateway to the understanding of glycans.

Download or read book Genome Plasticity in Health and Disease written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genome Plasticity in Health and Disease provides a fully up-to-date overview on genome plasticity and its role in human physiology and disease. Following an introduction to the field, a diverse range of chapters cover genomic and epigenomic analysis and the use of model organisms and genomic databases in studies. Specific molecular and biochemical mechanisms of genome plasticity are examined, including somatic variants, De Novo variants, founder variations, isolated populations dynamics, copy-number variations, mobile elements, DNA methylation, histone modifications, transcription factors, non-coding RNAs, telomere dynamics and RNA editing. Later chapters explore disease relevance for cancer, as well as cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, inflammatory, and endocrine disease, and associated pathways for drug discovery. Examines the role of genome plasticity across a range of disease types, from cardiovascular disease, to cancer and neuropsychiatric disorders Adopts an interdisciplinary approach, with expert contributions across the spectrum of basic science and disease relevance to drug discovery

Download or read book Antibody Glycosylation written by Marija Pezer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-22 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes recent advances in antibody glycosylation research. Covering major topics relevant for immunoglobulin glycosylation - analytical methods, biosynthesis and regulation, modulation of effector functions - it provides new perspectives for research and development in the field of therapeutic antibodies, biomarkers, vaccinations, and immunotherapy. Glycans attached to both variable and constant regions of antibodies are known to affect the antibody conformation, stability, and effector functions. Although it focuses on immunoglobulin G (IgG), the most explored antibody in this context, and unravels the natural phenomena resulting from the mixture of IgG glycovariants present in the human body, the book also discusses other classes of human immunoglobulins, as well as immunoglobulins produced in other species and production systems. Further, it reviews the glycoanalytical methods applied to antibodies and addresses a range of less commonly explored topics, such as automatization and bioinformatics aspects of high-throughput antibody glycosylation analysis. Lastly, the book highlights application areas ranging from the ones already benefitting from antibody glycoengineering (such as monoclonal antibody production), to those still in the research stages (such as exploration of antibody glycosylation as a clinical or biological age biomarker), and the potential use of antibody glycosylation in the optimization of vaccine production and immunization protocols. Summarizing the current knowledge on the broad topic of antibody glycosylation and its therapeutic and biomarker potential, this book will appeal to a wide biomedical readership in academia and industry alike. Chapter 4 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Download or read book Proceedings of 3rd Glycobiology World Congress 2017 written by ConferenceSeries and published by ConferenceSeries. This book was released on with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 26-28, 2017 London, UK Key Topics : Glycoprotein Technologies, Glyco Bioinformatics, Glycans in Drug Design, Glyco Immunology, Glyco Biomarkers, Glycobiology and Biotechnology, Glycans in Diseases and Therapeutics, Glycobiology in Personalized Medicine, Glycans in Genetic Disorders, Glycobiology and Structural Biology, Glyco Proteomics, Glycomics and Metabolomics, Mass Spectrometry in Proteome Research, Glycobiology, Genomics and Computational Systems Biology, Glycobiochemistry,

Download or read book Protein Modificomics written by Tanveer Ali Dar and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein Modificomics: From Modifications to Clinical Perspectives comprehensively deals with all of the most recent aspects of post-translational modification (PTM) of proteins, including discussions on diseases involving PTMs, such as Alzheimer's, Huntington's, X-linked spinal muscular atrophy-2, aneurysmal bone cyst, angelman syndrome and OFC10. The book also discusses the role PTMs play in plant physiology and the production of medicinally important primary and secondary metabolites. The understanding of PTMs in plants helps us enhance the production of these metabolites without greatly altering the genome, providing robust eukaryotic systems for the production and isolation of desired products without considerable downstream and isolation processes.

Download or read book Prebiotics and Probiotics written by and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Probiotic bacteria are found in the intestinal microbiota of the host and favor multiple metabolic reactions. Prebiotics provide food for probiotic bacteria and have an effect on their own performance in favor of host health. Numerous metabolic and immunological mechanisms are involved in its effects. Probiotics have been studied for several decades and their use for human consumption is still unclear. However, new types of molecules with prebiotic functions and components of probiotic bacteria with therapeutic potential are still being studied. The versatility of these molecules makes their incorporation into human food and animal diets feasible. This book is a compendium of recent scientific information on the use of probiotics and prebiotics for the benefit of human and animal health.

Download or read book Galectins in Cancer and Translational Medicine written by Armando Bartolazzi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-11-29 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the post-genomic era, many efforts have been devoted to better understanding the biological information encoded by the cell "glycome" in normal and pathologic conditions. The glycan signature of human cells plays a pivotal role in regulating fundamental biological processes, which are critical for cell physiology and for cancer as well. Galectins (also worded S-type lectins) are an evolutionarily conserved family of endogenous lectins, which bind carbohydrates with high specificity. These molecules, which can be found both intracellularly and in the extracellular milieu, are functionally active in converting glycan-containing information into cell biological programs. This fashionable mechanism of signal transduction plays a relevant role in regulating several biological functions, including RNA splicing, gene transcription, cell migration and differentiation, apoptosis, immune response, and tumor growth and progression. It is not surprising, indeed, that a large number of studies on galectin-glycan interactions and galectins expression and function in human diseases have been published in the recent literature, spanning from immunology to cardiovascular medicine, from diagnostic Pathology to nuclear medicine. The aim of this Special Issue of IJMS is to collect selected contributions in the field reporting data, concepts, and new ideas, which have the potential to be translated in a clinical setting in the near future, in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of cancer and other relevant human diseases.

Download or read book Chemical Glycobiology written by Randall Halcomb and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ACS symposium book on Chemical Glycobiology summarizes the current status of the chemical techniques and tools developed to study the biological roles of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. It is suitable for chemists and biochemists who are interested in synthesizing, understanding, and applying carbohydrate-related molecules or manipulating biological systems using carbohydrates.

Download or read book Glycome written by Dipak K. Banerjee and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2021 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glycome: The Hidden Code in BiologyDescription: "Glycome: The Hidden Code in Biology" addresses one of the most fundamental questions in biology today. The book targets readers with little expertise as well as the experts in Glycoscience. Sugars are electroneutral. However, linking sugars to sugars, or attaching sugars to proteins or lipids changes the structural and functional identities of the glycoconjugate, and enables to form cellular networks of 4Gs [i.e., glycoproteins (N-linked or O-linked), glycosphingolipids, proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)]. These glycans (i) support growth, proliferation and differentiation of cells and tissues; (ii) protect cells from foreign invasions including bacteria, viruses, parasites as well as from changes in the extracellular environment; (iii) act as biomarkers and participate in transmembrane signaling. The glycans are not ubiquitous but they are tissue/species specific.Structurally, the glycans are diverse, and form linear to highly branched structures. This diversity is present not only across the species but also within cells of the same species, i.e., the glycoforms. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometric (MS) studies (i.e., Glycomics) have evaluated and contributed significantly in delineating the structural diversity of glycans. Glycomics, in fact, has helped in overcoming many earlier technological barriers which were otherwise very laborious and time consuming. Plant lectins being carbohydrate binding proteins with a high degree of sugar specificity have been useful tools to characterize the carbohydrate structures they recognize. The glycan structures complement their biosynthetic processes. Because of the highly compartmentalized nature of the process, the glycans move between compartments during their assembly. This is believed to be mediated by vesicular structures but the participation of exosomes cannot be ruled out. A large number of genetic disorders [gangliosidosis, mucopolysaccharidoses, congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG)] are due to abnormal glycan synthesis or degradation. Disproportionate expression of glycans is also found in diseases like cancer, neurological disorders, diabetes, metabolic syndromes, and infection. This raises questions about the regulatory principle(s) in glycan biosynthesis. There is no template for glycan chain synthesis, elongation, processing or termination. The cells/tissues follow a highly conserved mechanism. The assumption is glycosylation uses donor and acceptor interactions as the driving force. Increased or decreased synthesis of glycans in response to the environmental change influence cell function, i.e., growth, survival or death favor of a "push-pull" hypothesis. In the absence of a genetic code for sugars, the assembly as well as the processing of glycan chains are controlled by the Glycome. Unlike the genome, the Glycome is hidden for the normal eye but its communication skills with the cellular microenvironment and genome for glycan synthesis and degradation are enormous. Seventeen chapters in the book are dedicated to walk the readers through the diversities of the Glycome. The authors have used mammalian, microbial and plant systems to achieve the desired goal.

Download or read book The Role of Glycans in Immune Cell Functions written by Jasmeen S. Merzaban and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-05-26 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Glycans represent a major constituency of post-translational modifications that occur on most, if not all, proteins. Whether on mammalian or invertebrate cell surfaces, they exist as sugar chain moieties designed from the exquisite and coordinated activity of cell-specific glycosylation. Some of the more common glycan structures are linked to cell surface polypeptides via an asparagine (N)-linked residue or a serine/threonine (O)-linked residue, along with a notable contingent found linked to ceramides in the lipid bilayer known as glycosphingolipids. These glycans can associate with complementary glycan-binding proteins (GBP) or lectins to mediate and translate this carbohydrate recognition to cell function. In immunity, there is increasing evidence that precise immune cell glycans are recognized by corresponding GBPs in a cell-intrinsic or -extrinsic manner. Unique carbohydrate recognition domains within GBPs are comprised of precisely spaced amino acid functional groups that allow for selective engagement of a particular glycan target. This structure-function relationship is present in immune signaling pathways, whereby glycans and GBPs on the surface of immune cells (and non-immune cells) help control processes such as immune cell activation, recognition of pathogens, suppression and tissue-specific migration. The diversity of glycan structures and glycosylation among individual immune cell subsets is controlled by the expression of genes involved in glycan biosynthesis including glycosyltransferases, glycosidases, glycan-precursor biosynthetic enzymes and nucleotide-sugar transporters. These genes represent more than 3% of the human genome, and cell-specific expression of these genes dictates a cell’s glycan repertoire, ultimately influencing its molecular interactions with GBPs. Altogether, these emerging lines of investigation highlight the regulatory capacity of glycans in immune health and disease, which in turn, pave the way for novel diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic strategies.

Download or read book Glycobiology and Medicine written by John S. Axford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential for glycobiology to improve the practice of medicine has been well recognised, which is why biannual meetings concerning the association have been taking place for the last 14 years. The science of glycobiology has matured rapidly, and with it the far reaching clinical implications are becoming understood. The next decade is going to see this final frontier of science conquered. The impact this understanding of glycobiology will have upon our practice of medicine is going to be exciting. The 7th Jenner Glycobiology and Medicine Symposium was designed to reflect these advances. All the major clinical areas were involved, with contributions from pivotal players in science and medicine.

Download or read book Vertebrate Lectins written by Kenneth Olden and published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Australian Journal of Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: