Download or read book Transfer State written by Peter Sloman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of a guaranteed minimum income has been central to British social policy debates for more than a century. Since the First World War, a variety of market economists, radical activists, and social reformers have emphasized the possibility of tackling poverty through direct cash transfers between the state and its citizens. As manufacturing employment has declined and wage inequality has grown since the 1970s, cash benefits and tax credits have become an important source of income for millions of working-age households, including many low-paid workers with children. The nature and purpose of these transfer payments, however, remain highly contested. Conservative and New Labour governments have used in-work benefits and conditionality requirements to 'activate' the unemployed and reinforce the incentives to take low-paid work - an approach which has reached its apogee in Universal Credit. By contrast, a growing number of campaigners have argued that the challenge of providing economic security in an age of automation would be better met by paying a Universal Basic Income to all citizens. Transfer State provides the first detailed history of guaranteed income proposals in modern Britain, which brings together intellectual history and archival research to show how the pursuit of an integrated tax and benefit system has shaped UK public policy since 1918. The result is a major new analysis of the role of cash transfers in the British welfare state which sets Universal Credit in a historical perspective and examines the cultural and political barriers to a Universal Basic Income.
Download or read book Power to the Transfer written by Dimpal Jain and published by MSU Press. This book was released on 2020-02-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, U.S. community colleges serve nearly half of all students of color in higher education who, for a multitude of reasons, do not continue their education by transferring to a university. For those students who do transfer, often the responsibility for the application process, retention, graduation, and overall success is placed on them rather than their respective institutions. This book aims to provide direction toward the development and maintenance of a transfer receptive culture, which is defined as an institutional commitment by a university to support transfer students of color. A transfer receptive culture explicitly acknowledges the roles of race and racism in the vertical transfer process from a community college to a university and unapologetically centers transfer as a form of equity in the higher education pipeline. The framework is guided by critical race theory in education, which acknowledges the role of white supremacy and its contemporary and historical role in shaping institutions of higher learning.
Download or read book Quantum State Transfer and Network Engineering written by Georgios M. Nikolopoulos and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-05 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faithful communication is a necessary precondition for large-scale quantum information processing and networking, irrespective of the physical platform. Thus, the problems of quantum-state transfer and quantum-network engineering have attracted enormous interest over the last years, and constitute one of the most active areas of research in quantum information processing. The present volume introduces the reader to fundamental concepts and various aspects of this exciting research area, including links to other related areas and problems. The implementation of state-transfer schemes and the engineering of quantum networks are discussed in the framework of various quantum optical and condensed matter systems, emphasizing the interdisciplinary character of the research area. Each chapter is a review of theoretical or experimental achievements on a particular topic, written by leading scientists in the field. The volume aims at both newcomers as well as experienced researchers.
Download or read book Transfer State written by Peter Sloman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019-10-30 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of a guaranteed minimum income has been central to British social policy debates for more than a century. Since the First World War, a variety of market economists, radical activists, and social reformers have emphasized the possibility of tackling poverty through direct cash transfers between the state and its citizens. As manufacturing employment has declined and wage inequality has grown since the 1970s, cash benefits and tax credits have become an important source of income for millions of working-age households, including many low-paid workers with children. The nature and purpose of these transfer payments, however, remain highly contested. Conservative and New Labour governments have used in-work benefits and conditionality requirements to 'activate' the unemployed and reinforce the incentives to take low-paid work - an approach which has reached its apogee in Universal Credit. By contrast, a growing number of campaigners have argued that the challenge of providing economic security in an age of automation would be better met by paying a Universal Basic Income to all citizens. Transfer State provides the first detailed history of guaranteed income proposals in modern Britain, which brings together intellectual history and archival research to show how the pursuit of an integrated tax and benefit system has shaped UK public policy since 1918. The result is a major new analysis of the role of cash transfers in the British welfare state which sets Universal Credit in a historical perspective and examines the cultural and political barriers to a Universal Basic Income.
Download or read book Hydrogen Bonding and Transfer in the Excited State written by Ke-Li Han and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-16 with total page 1229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives an extensive description of the state-of-the-art in research on excited-state hydrogen bonding and hydrogen transfer in recent years. Initial chapters present both the experimental and theoretical investigations on the excited-state hydrogen bonding structures and dynamics of many organic and biological chromophores. Following this, several chapters describe the influences of the excited-state hydrogen bonding on various photophysical processes and photochemical reactions, for example: hydrogen bonding effects on fluorescence emission behaviors and photoisomerization; the role of hydrogen bonding in photosynthetic water splitting; photoinduced electron transfer and solvation dynamics in room temperature ionic liquids; and hydrogen bonding barrier crossing dynamics at bio-mimicking surfaces. Finally, the book examines experimental and theoretical studies on the nature and control of excited-state hydrogen transfer in various systems. Hydrogen Bonding and Transfer in the Excited State is an essential overview of this increasingly important field of study, surveying the entire field over 2 volumes, 40 chapters and 1200 pages. It will find a place on the bookshelves of researchers in photochemistry, photobiology, photophysics, physical chemistry and chemical physics.
Download or read book Means Tested Transfer Programs in the United States written by Robert A. Moffitt and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few United States government programs are as controversial as those designed to aid the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, aid to needy families is surrounded by debate—on what benefits should be offered, what forms they should take, and how they should be administered. The past few decades, in fact, have seen this debate lead to broad transformations of aid programs themselves, with Aid to Families with Dependent Children replaced by Temporary Assistance to Needy Families, the Earned Income Tax Credit growing from a minor program to one of the most important for low-income families, and Medicaid greatly expanding its eligibility. This volume provides a remarkable overview of how such programs actually work, offering an impressive wealth of information on the nation's nine largest "means-tested" programs—that is, those in which some test of income forms the basis for participation. For each program, contributors describe origins and goals, summarize policy histories and current rules, and discuss the recipient's characteristics as well as the different types of benefits they receive. Each chapter then provides an overview of scholarly research on each program, bringing together the results of the field's most rigorous statistical examinations. The result is a fascinating portrayal of the evolution and current state of means-tested programs, one that charts a number of shifts in emphasis—the decline of cash assistance, for instance, and the increasing emphasis on work. This exemplary portrait of the nation's safety net will be an invaluable reference for anyone interested in American social policy.
Download or read book States of Separation written by Laura Robson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Origins -- The refugee regime -- The transfer solution -- The partition solution -- Diasporas and homelands
Download or read book Report of the State Auditor written by Minnesota. State Auditor and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1970/72- issued in two parts: [pt. 1], Report of the State Auditor; [pt. 2], Appropriation statement by departments and agencies (all funds).
Download or read book Report of the Auditor of State to the General Assembly of the State of Iowa written by Iowa. Auditor of State and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of Means Tested Transfer Programs in the United States Volume II written by Robert A. Moffitt and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few government programs in the United States are as controversial as those designed to help the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, the size and structure of the American safety net is an issue of constant debate. These two volumes update the earlier Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States with a discussion of the many changes in means-tested government programs and the results of new research over the past decade. While some programs that experienced falling outlays in the years prior to the previous volume have remained at low levels of expenditure, many others have grown, including Medicaid, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and subsidized housing programs. For each program, the contributors describe its origins and goals, summarize its history and current rules, and discuss recipients’ characteristics and the types of benefits they receive. This is an invaluable reference for researchers and policy makers that features detailed analyses of many of the most important transfer programs in the United States.
Download or read book The Codes and Statutes of the State of California written by Theodore H. Hittell and published by . This book was released on 1876 with total page 906 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Constitution of the United States the Ordinance of 1787 the Organic Act Act authorizing a state government the State Constitution the Act of Admission into the Union and sections 1 to 4821 of the general statutes written by Minnesota and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 1400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Legislative Documents written by Iowa. General Assembly and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 1786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains the reports of state departments and officials for the preceding fiscal biennium.
Download or read book Ultrashort Laser Pulses and Applications written by Wolfgang Kaiser and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ten years ago, Stanley L. Shapiro edited the book entitled Ultrashort Light Pulses (Topics Appl. Phys., Vol. 18), which was written by eight experts in the field. Six years later, Charles V. Shank added a bibliography (1980-1983) in the second edition with approximately one thousand new references. During the past decade the field has grown so rapidly that a completely new book had to be written. In particular, the reduction of the time scale of light pulses into the femtosecond range has opened up new experimental possibilities never even foreseen in the preceding literature. The vast literature with countless ideas and applications makes it impossible for a single person to write a comprehensive review. Nine scientists, actively working in the field since its beginning, have decided to join forces to prepare a new book describing the present state of the art. Emphasis is placed on the generation and numerous applications of ultrashort laser pulses. This book covers a wide area of science: physics, engineering, chemistry, and biology. The various chapters and sections are prepared in each case such that the reader is given a brief introduction to the specific subject. Ample references for a more detailed study are given at the end of each chapter.
Download or read book Joint Documents of the State of Michigan for the Year written by Michigan and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 1186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Economics of Means Tested Transfer Programs in the United States Volume I written by Robert A. Moffitt and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2016-11-18 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few government programs in the United States are as controversial as those designed to help the poor. From tax credits to medical assistance, the size and structure of the American safety net is an issue of constant debate. These two volumes update the earlier Means-Tested Transfer Programs in the United States with a discussion of the many changes in means-tested government programs and the results of new research over the past decade. While some programs that experienced falling outlays in the years prior to the previous volume have remained at low levels of expenditure, many others have grown, including Medicaid, the Earned Income Tax Credit, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, and subsidized housing programs. For each program, the contributors describe its origins and goals, summarize its history and current rules, and discuss recipients’ characteristics and the types of benefits they receive. This is an invaluable reference for researchers and policy makers that features detailed analyses of many of the most important transfer programs in the United States.
Download or read book State and Local Initiatives on Productivity Technology and Innovation written by Barbara J. Lipman and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
