Download or read book Trade Policy Standards and Development in Central America written by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faster economic growth and expansion of exports in Central America in the 21st century will depend on many factors. These include efficient and modern standards systems and an end to technical barriers to trade. Regional efforts can be an efficient way to modernize standards systems.
Download or read book Trade Policy Standards and Development in Central America written by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After reviewing the current state of standards and trade in Central America, the authors suggest top priorities for reform from a trade policy perspective in a new and increasingly important area of public policy and development. They conclude that it makes sense to: a) take a regional rather than a national approach to setting up accreditation, testing, and metrology infrastructure - to share equipment, experts, and information to get more bang out of limited funding; b) promote regional bodies as venues for Central American countries to develop common positions in international discussions of the development of standards; c) regionalize information-gathering efforts and use information technology to disseminate that information rapidly; and d) push for a sunset clause in international standards developments, because standards have value only if adopted and used.
Download or read book Trade and Standards written by Gary Clyde Hufbauer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between standards, economic development, and trade is at the forefront of policy debate. Standards can accelerate economic efficiency and trade and also act as discriminatory barriers. This paper examines standards in the context of development in Central America. Key aspects of disputes over standards at the World Trade Organization are discussed, along with the reasons why standards matter to development and trade prospects for Central America. The paper recommends ways to leverage shared infrastructure in standards and assist these countries to implement their WTO obligations.
Download or read book Substitutability and Protectionism written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine the trade policy response of Latin American governments to the rapid growth of China and India in world markets. To explain higher protection in sectors where a large share is imported from these countries, they extend the "protection for sale" model to allow for different degrees of substitutability between domestically produced and imported varieties. The extension suggests that higher levels of protection toward Chinese goods can be explained by high substitutability between domestically produced goods and Chinese goods, whereas lower levels of protection toward goods imported from India can be explained by low substitutability with domestically produced goods. The data support the extension to the "protection for sale" model, which performs better than the original specification in terms of explaining Latin America's structure of protection.
Download or read book Getting the Most Out of Free Trade Agreements in Central America written by J. Humberto Lopez and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-21 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main message of the study is that Central America's ability to exploit the opportunities created by ongoing trade liberalization will depend on the ability of the region to implement a complementary policy agenda that creates an enabling policy and institutional environment.
Download or read book Trading Promises for Results written by Mauricio Mesquita Moreira and published by . This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Trade Policy Reforms in Latin America written by M. Lengyel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-12-19 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the interaction between private and public institutions in the trade policy-making process of eight Latin American countries and trade bargaining in sub-regional, hemispheric and multilateral fora. Faced with expanding trade agendas, diversifying negotiation fora, and an uncertain global economy, each country has found its own niche in regional integration and global insertion, providing a wealth of idiosyncratic and convergent policies.
Download or read book The Politics of Trade in Latin American Development written by Steven E. Sanderson and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this innovative synthesis and reconstruction of the role of trade in Latin American development, the author asks what have been the political terms of trade in Latin America, and why have they differed so much from the multilateral and national trade politics of the advanced capitalist countries, especially the United States? He shows, in great detail, how a new conceptual approach to this question can help us to understand why, and with what limits, Latin America now seems ready to accept the mantle of free trade. This book is a unique attempt to link some of the most provocative hypotheses from the literatures of international trade, development, regional economic history, and resource management to national politics in Latin America. It takes a fresh look at old academic questions, critiques the received knowledge on trade, and offers some new data, documents, and indexes. To the standard literature on Latin American trade, the author adds insights and information from other literatures - resource conservation, poverty alleviation, and national development strategies, to name a few. The current trend toward looking at constraints and possibilities in the trade system is reshaped to ask familiar questions in a concrete, empirical way. What changes in development design come from external shock, and under what conditions? Does the pressure of the international system actually force Latin American countries to alter their rates and kinds of natural resource exploitation? Can a political course of export promotion address the debt crisis effectively? Are the multilateral trade negotiations a useful format for Latin American trade and development problems? And, finally, can we sayanything with authority about Latin America as a region?
Download or read book Challenges of CAFTA written by Daniel Lederman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The report provides a preliminary assessment of DR-CAFTA, with particular attention to three key themes: (i) expected trade and non-trade benefits, (ii) actions that Central American countries need to pursue to capitalize optimally on the new opportunities, and (iii) identification of the population groups that may require assistance to adapt to a more competitive environment. The Introductory Chapter reviews the main findings of the report. Chapter II places DR-CAFTA in the historical context of the economic reforms that Central America has been undertaking since the late 1980s. Chapter III provides a summary overview of the recently negotiated DR-CAFTA. Chapter IV reviews various analyses that assess the potential impacts of DR-CAFTA in Central American countries. Chapter V focuses on the identification of potentially affected populations from the easing of trade restrictions in sensitive agricultural products and analyzes policy options to assist vulnerable groups. Chapter VI reviews evidence related to key macroeconomic implications of DR-CAFTA, namely the potential revenue losses and effect on the patterns of business-cycle synchronization. Chapter VII reviews evidence from each Central American country in the areas of trade facilitation, institutional and regulatory reforms, and innovation and education, in order to identify key priorities for the complementary agenda for DR-CAFTA."
Download or read book Integrating the Americas written by University of Miami. North-South Center and published by New Brunswick, U.S.A. : Transaction Publishers. This book was released on 1994 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bold new economic policies are supplanting traditional notions about the relationship between national and international markets throughout Latin America. Regional integration and neoliberal reforms have combined to overturn more traditional approaches to national development in the region. This volume captures the content of these changes and analyzes their implications for the Western Hemisphere.
Download or read book Trade with Europe and Latin American Trade Policy written by United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toward Free Trade in the Americas written by Jose Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2004-05-13 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Brookings Institution Press and the Organization of American States publication In the past 15 years, the nations of the Western Hemisphere have staged a remarkable revolution—in the way they trade with their neighbors. First, after decades of restrictive import policies, several countries began to liberalize their trade and investment regimes. Then, beginning a decade ago, numerous bilateral and sub-regional trade agreements were achieved, to serve as vital complements to domestic reforms and to foster trade flows among member countries. At the Second Summit of the Americas in 1998, negotiations among 34 democracies were launched to establish the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA). This report takes stock of the remarkable progress to date in the development of free trade in the Western Hemisphere. It examines trade flows between countries in the same regional groupings and between members of different sub-regional arrangements. The report describes the main characteristics of the trade arrangements signed between countries of the Hemisphere and explores the development of trade rules in these arrangements. Finally, the report details recent advances in the construction of the FTAA.
Download or read book Latin American and Caribbean Trade Agreements written by Thomas Andrew O'Keefe and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin American and Caribbean Trade Agreements: Keys to a Prosperous Community of the Americas is the essential reference guide for companies trading with Latin America and the Caribbean or wishing to use a country in the region as an export platform. This work fills the void in academic texts that are used to teach courses on economic integration in the Western Hemisphere. It provides a road map for the Obama Administration to launch an ambitious project designed to encourage economic growth, promote energy security, and reduce harmful greenhouse gas emissions, while at the same time realistically meeting the development needs of Latin America and the Caribbean. Latin American and Caribbean Trade Agreements: Keys to a Prosperous Community of the Americas posits that the myopic focus of past United States administrations on free markets to spur economic development in the Western Hemisphere is not enough. A bolder and more ambitious project that also seeks to redress many of the deep-seated problems that have long plagued the region is required. The Community of the Americas proposed in this book rests upon the important work that has already been done at the sub-regional level in terms of economic and political reform, identifying infrastructure and human capital needs, and regulating migration. It provides a new and cohesive vision for U.S. policy in Latin America and the Caribbean.
Download or read book U S Trade Policy written by William A. Lovett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-02-24 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lovett (Tulane Law School), Eckes (a former commissioner of the U.S. International Commission during the Reagan and Bush I administrations), and Brinkman (international economics, Portland State U.) evaluate the evolution of U.S. trade policy, focusing on the period from the establishment of the Gen
Download or read book Navigating the trade landscape A Latin American perspective building on the WTO 13th ministerial conference written by Piñeiro, Valeria and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2024-08-19 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication-a joint effort by the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (IICA)-is being released in the context of growing changes and fragmentation in global economic and trade relationships. Countries are increasingly adopting protectionist measures in response to recent crises and the decreased competitiveness of value chains, due to rising production, marketing and transportation costs. The complex multilateral trade system and the urgent need to implement concrete actions in this area are prompting countries to work towards the adoption of new standards that aim to protect and preserve the environment but could also become barriers to trade that impose a significant economic and social cost on other countries. The countries of the Americas must continue to support efforts to strengthen the multilateral trade system, ensuring that it is open, transparent and science-based, as well as to effectively participate in discussion forums such as the ministerial conferences of the World Trade Organization (WTO). Amidst this scenario, international trade plays a vital role in transforming food systems, by interconnecting them and contributing to creating a more sustainable global food system. In recent years, the growth of production and exports has converted Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) into the largest net food exporting region in the world. On average, agrifood exports from the region in 2021-2023 accounted for 17% of global agrifood exports, representing one fourth of total exports from the region. During that period, LAC agrifood exports grew by 7.6%. Yet, it bears mentioning that, despite its important role, the region has its share of challenges. During 2023, 85% of LAC agrifood exports were directed at external markets and 53% of the value of exported agrifood exports was concentrated among only 10 products. This demonstrates the region’s significant vulnerability and is undoubtedly a challenge that must be addressed. This document is an inter-institutional effort to share ideas and reflections on the main issues to be tackled building on the 13th WTO Ministerial Conference. We hope that it will serve as input in strengthening the participation of the countries of the Americas in WTO multilateral negotiations, while also highlighting the key role of agricultural trade in agrifood system transformation.
Download or read book Bridges for Development written by Robert Devlin and published by IDB. This book was released on 2003 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latin America has been pursuing intense structural reforms since the mid-1980s. The reforms have been a primary instrument for achieving the development goals of stable and higher rates of economic growth, more social equity, and a solid democratic setting. The region has advanced on all three fronts, but much more needs to be done. Bridges for Development explores options to strengthen policies and institutions for deepening structural reforms in all areas of development through trade and integration. Making advances in these areas is critical because the multilateral negotiations in the Doha Development Round are contingent on the complex dynamics of worldwide consensus -- and Latin America's capacity to adequately represent its interests in terms of determining the direction of unilateral policy and regional initiatives. However, as the book points out, it might be said that the easystages of unilateral trade and regional integration are over; the next steps toward consolidation will require countries to redouble their political will to confront difficult challenges as well as to refine policies, build stronger institutional structures to support them, and work better with civil society. The wave of market opening and regionalism in the 1990s has provided new opportunities in these areas.
Download or read book Regulatory Reform in the Global Economy written by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and published by Org. for Economic Cooperation & Development. This book was released on 1998 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As border barriers to international trade and investment continue to be reduced thanks to liberalisation efforts, "behind-the-border" barriers -- which are typically regulations aiming at achieving domestic objectives such as health, safety, environmen
