Download or read book I Don t Translate I Create An On line Survey on Uniformity Versus Creativity in Professional Translations written by Vanessa Drexler and published by Anchor Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2016-07 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “I don’t translate, I create!” – This is the slogan of a translation agency called “Sternkopf Communications” located in Flöha, Germany. The translators at this translation agency are specialized in the field of marketing and perceive creativeness their daily bread. But what does this actually mean – I don’t translate, I create? Undoubtedly, the translation of a text from one language into another is not an easy and straightforward process. On the contrary, the translator needs to invest much time and one or the other headache before a target text (TT) finally sounds natural, fluent, coherent and logical for the target audience. Different possible translation solutions will have to be considered, language as well as culture-related equivalents often are not easily at hand etc. Would it not be pleasant if machine translation (MT) was there to help with this process? Nevertheless, as promising as this may sound, no machine or software developed so far is able to independently produce TTs meeting the standards of marketable translations, despite copious efforts to do so. This just goes to show how important the human capacity of creativity in language and text production is for the translation process. Without human creative thinking, TTs would, in fact, truly only read like translations, i.e. mechanical reproductions of the source text (ST) in a different code, rather than natural texts in their own right. Good translations, however, distinguish themselves by not revealing their readership that they are “merely” renderings of the original text. Hence, a slogan such as “I don’t translate, I create”, emphasizes the effort that is put into the translation process quite well, making the customers of Sternkopf Communications instantly aware of the fact that their texts are in good hands and will eventually not read like mechanical translations but as if they were well-composed originals. Yet, despite the enormous importance of creativity in translating, computer-aided translation (CAT) tools are being used frequently by professional translators, not to replace but to support the translator in their daily business. From the 1990s onwards, using CAT tools has been becoming increasingly popular for the following reason: They are said to help translators to achieve faster turnaround times by storing completed translations in a translation memory TM. In so doing, CAT tools enable their users to translate in a more consistent way, since they search source texts for words, phrases or sentences that have already been translated before and stored in the TM so that the translator does not need to translate this text unit again ‘from scratch’. Accordingly, this paper pursues two related purposes. The first is to compare the different CAT tools in their degree of usability to gain an impression of which of these translation memory solutions is perceived to meet translators’ technological requirements best. The second purpose is to identify translators’ perspectives on uniformity and creativity in translations with the goal to shedding light on the question whether CAT tools generally tend to positively or negatively influence the translation process on a rather linguistic than technological basis.

Download or read book Uniformity in the Application of CISG Provisions written by Daniel Fritz and published by diplom.de. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inhaltsangabe:Introduction: Problems facing cross-border transactions and possible solutions: The main prerogative for the international trader is to implement the business transaction as conveniently and quickly as possible. Besides choosing reliable business partners, a governing body of law that facilitates the transaction successfully is required. International business transactions are rarely conducted under a tailor-made law and are therefore dependent on the law that governs the transaction in terms of the rules of private international law. Determining the applicable law of the contract is one of the major problems facing a cross-border transaction. One way in which this question can be addressed is by means of the rules of private international law. Yet, these rules are rather complex and often subject to uncertainties. Even unification of the rules of private international law is unlikely to serve the needs of modern international business. If the proper law is determined, at least one of the parties to the transaction will be faced with an unknown body of rules. This party is forced to act in alien surroundings under a law with which it is unfamiliar. An alternative, is to unify law on the domestic level. This would avoid the difficulties in applying the rules of international private law. However, to harmonise domestic law on world wide basis is a matter of impossibility. Some divergences based on settled legal traditions are irreconcilable. Furthermore, there is the obstacle that a harmonised law may affect the concepts of another area of law. For example the issue of sales law affects the issue of transfer of property an area of law with fundamentally varying concepts. The adoption of uniform sales law at the international level represents a third approach. These rules only apply to a particular range of sales transactions and therefore do not compel a State to abandon all of its own legal traditions. The UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods has established a uniform international law of this character. The overall goal of the CISG is to harmonise domestic laws for international sales transactions. A precondition for this goal is the achievement of uniformity. The achievement of uniformity comprises a two-fold process. The mere adoption of the Convention is the first step towards the ultimate aim of achieving the broadest degree of uniformity in the law of international sales. The second step is the [...]

Download or read book Uniformity of Transport Law through International Regimes written by Olena Bokareva and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniformity of Transport Law through International Regimes addresses the problem of uniformity of transport law and the potential solutions at international and EU levels. It concerns transport conventions and other instruments dealing mainly with carriage of goods by sea and multimodal transport as well as examining the Rotterdam Rules as one of the solutions towards uniformity in carriage of goods law. The discussion on international uniformity in transport law is complemented by an examination of regional harmonization in the context of EU law-making and jurisprudence in the field of international transport. The comparison between international and regional regimes reveals the complexities in application and interpretation of the certain transport conventions which is detrimental to achieving uniformity.

Download or read book Politics and Social Change written by Ishwaran and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-09-12 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws written by National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and published by . This book was released on 1903 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Index to Legal Periodicals written by and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book National Divorce Reform League An Abstract of Its Annual Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1900 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Report written by Commonwealth Shipping Committee and published by . This book was released on 1909 with total page 1314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Interim Report written by Great Britain. Dominions Royal Commission and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 1442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Options for Uniform State Regulation written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Creamery Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 958 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Contributions to Philosophy Psychology and Education written by Columbia University and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Columbia University Contributions to Philosophy Psychology and Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Hereford Journal written by and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 1226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

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Download or read book Appendix to the Journals of the House of Representatives of New Zealand written by New Zealand. Parliament. House of Representatives and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 1622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Colonial Council written by Great Britain. Colonial Office and published by . This book was released on 1908 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: