Download or read book Tourism and the Business Cycle written by Stephan Schulmeister and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tourism Trends and the Business Cycle written by Douglas Carleton Frechtling and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recession and Policy Transmission to Latin American Tourism written by Mr.Andy M. Wolfe and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study measures the impact of changing economic conditions in OECD countries on tourist arrivals to countries/destinations in Latin America and the Caribbean. A model of utility maximization across labor, consumption of goods and services at home, and consumption of tourism services across monopolistically competitive destinations abroad is presented. The model yields estimable equations arrivals as a function of OECD economic conditions and the elasticity of substitution across tourist destinations. Estimates suggest median tourism arrivals decline by at least three to five percent in response to a one percent increase in OECD unemployment, even after controlling for declines in OECD consumption and output gaps. Arrivals to individual destination are driven by differing exposure to OECD country groups sharing similar business cycle characteristics. Estimates of the elasticity of substitution suggest that tourism demand is highly price sensitive, and that a variety of costs to delivering tourism services drive market share losses in uncompetitive destinations. One recent cost change, the 2009 easing of restrictions on U.S. travel to Cuba, supported a small (countercyclical) boost to Cuba’s arrivals of U.S. non-family travel, as well as a pre-existing surge in family travel (of Cuban origin). Despite the US becoming Cuba’s second highest arrival source, Cuban policymakers have significant scope for lowering the relatively high costs of family travel from the United States.

Download or read book Tourism Economics in Tourism Management Diploma Level written by CPA John Kimani and published by Finstock Evarsity Publishers. This book was released on 2023-06-20 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: • Introduction to Tourism Economics • Demand for Tourism • Supply of Tourism • Market Structures in Tourism • Tourism and the Macro economy • The Tourism Industry and Economic Development • Tourism and International Trade • Tourism and the Environment

Download or read book The Economics of Recreation Leisure and Tourism written by John Tribe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-05-24 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook describes the relevance of economics to the tourism and leisure industries, helping you to pass an economics module as part of a tourism, recreation or sport management degree. It applies economic theory to a range of tourism industry issues at the consumer, business, national and international level by using topical examples to give the theory real-world context. The author explains the impact of the global economic crisis and the importance of understanding what has happened over the course of previous economic business cycles to prepare for what may happen in the future. Contrasting evidence is put forward to provide a sense of the dynamics of world economies.

Download or read book Factors Influence Tourism and Fuel Industry Business Cycle Stage written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-02 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental impacts may include avoiding noise, air pollution on road transportation aspect, when the main road is only on on focus on the main city, but the city lacks other roads to let any drivers can choose them to drive, instead of the main road in the city. Then, when many cars are driven on the busy transporttime, e.g. morning working time or night busy time between 6:00 and 9:00 am, between 6:00 and 9:00 pm. When either many working people need to catch public transport or drive themselves cars to go to offices to work or they need to catch pubic transport tools or drive themselves cars to home. Then, the only one main road problem will need them to stay themselves cars on roads, due to traffic jam or traffic accidence occurrence problem causes when many cars are driven on the road in the busy transport time. It will influence they can not go to offices or homes easily daily, even in the busy transport time, their cars' gas need to be used much to cause air pollution and traffic noise is easily caused easily in the busy transport time on the road. When the city has only one main road for drivers in the busy transport time. So, poor road transport system can bring poor impact on economic welfare benefits arising from proved labour supply from commuting, time savings, including exchequer benefits. Consequently, the county's GDP will be fallen down, due to labour market effects which do not add to welfare value.Whether can poor transport system impact indirectly on GDP or not on local, regional, or national economic geography impacts? Does transport lead to greater economic activity i.e. higher GDP? DO they lead to change in economic activity location? Does transport impact the existence of business location and new economic activity opportunities? The measurement on every country's transport how impacts on economic change, facilitating geographic division of labour and specialization. It can be analyzed on these general aspects: Costs and speed of travel time ( Economic value of travel time savings) . Travel time savings to users from improved transport is a key of economic value, but it has only less influence, journey time reliability is more important to business frieght as well as business travellers, network connectivity enhancements as well as business travellers, network connectivity enhancement can help people and goods travel more quickly ( i.e. linked to jounrey time and journey time reliability, as well as opening new destinations and new journeys, comfort and quality service provision is relevant to public transport, e.g. detering jounreys at particular times or by certain modes ( e.g. overcrowding), impact on productivity at work for commuters, safety and security, due to loss of output from workers, transport accidents occur easily. All of these issues will impact any countries' standard of living to local people ( geography), even GDP income.Why does the direct and indirect effects of transportation have a positive impact on the economic growth and development of a country? Does it influence acccess to goods, services and employment opportunities in any regions? Underdeveloped countries must need to consider how transport system influences their economic growth. For example, the costs of transportation and production are reduced through timely delivery and enhancing the economies of scale in the production process, when the road is often traffic joam, gas cost, time waste, air pollution cost, noise has many roads, but if one lorry drivers needs drive more than one day to day to deliver goods to another city's warehouse every day. It will bring psychological pressure in terrible, when they need long time to drive on the road. They can not sleep easily because road accident will occur easily when they need to spend long time to drive lorries on the road.

Download or read book The Economic Geography of the Tourist Industry written by Keith G. Debbage and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998-04-02 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economic Geography of the Tourist Industry explains tourism's definitions and examines whether or not tourism can be conceptualized as an industry.

Download or read book A Modern Guide to Tourism Economics written by Croes, Robertico and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Modern Guide captures the evolution of foundational tenets, theories, frameworks and models that buttressed tourism economics into an evolving discipline, shining light on both new and old approaches. It systematically examines current and future trends and issues related to new economic perspectives, consolidating the notion of tourism economics as a discipline.

Download or read book Factors Influence Tourism Industry Life Cycle Mature Stage Development written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-02 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil price changes influences tourism industry experiences growth life cycle stage or decline life cycle stageWhy is economic theory, a worthwhile thing to do ? e.g. helping organizations to solve challenges, helping society to solve challanges in macro economic view, part of the attraction and the promise of economics is that it cliams to decribe policies that will improve people's lives. This is unlike most other physical and social sciences. Sociology and political science have a policy component, but for the most part, they are concerned with understanding the function of standards of living, but this is really a by-product of science as an intellectual activity matters, physical science, has the potential to improve people standards of living.What is the role of theory in a policy science? When my view that economic is a policy science. I mean that however either old or new economic theories one useful in policy. Theory is as a substitute for data. For example, we want to determine how a market price will respond to a tax, we could estimate this effect by running a regression of market price, against tax rates, controlling for as many other variable as possible. This would give us an equation that we could use to product how prices respond to change in taxes of one country has many unemployment people, then if it's government change a little 2 to 3 % import tax to private cars. Then, it may cause the country's car buyers number to import car demand decreases. The elastic to car import tax is high because the country has many people are unemployment. Hence, society is continue changing. So, some economists will research how to apply old economic theories to change other new theories to attempt to solve social and organizational challenges.In new economic theories, they are applied new modelling techniques to old real world problems, they add something to economic knowledge to the extent that we accept formalisation as a source of progress in economic. Some economists focus new economic theory on the dynamic of regional growth and economic activity aspect. When the former foucs on long-run regional growth and later is linked to the " new growth theory". For example, the traditional trade theory is unable to explain the existence of different production structures, e.g. the country's geographical positions in similar regions. Also, trade should lead to conflice face greater market competition and loose incomes. Finally, countries having complementary factors were the best condidates to the formation of trading, so that they will specialize in different commodities. In addition, the traditional trade theory performs poorly when there is high mobility of production factors. I shall indicate what the difference between new and old economic theories below: In old economic theories, they may include: Scarcity means that the condition in which our wants and greates than our limited resources. So, we must make choices on how we will use resources. Hence, economic-social concerned with the efficient use of limited resources to achieve maximum satisfaction of economic wants; micro-economic studies such as individuals, firms and industries ( competitive markets, labour markets, personal decision making etc.) Otherwise, macro-economics studies the large economy as a whole or in its national economic growth. Government how spends, inflation, unemployment etc. Marginal analysis involves making decisions based on the additional benefits vs. the additional cost.⦁Old economic theory ⦁production possibilities curve

Download or read book Handbook of Tourism and Quality of Life Research written by Muzaffer Uysal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-07 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality of life (QOL) research in tourism has gained much momentum over the last two decades. Academics working in this area research issues related to tourists and host communities. Practitioners are becoming increasingly interested in understanding the science that allows them to develop better marketing and managerial programs designed to enhance the quality of life of tourists. Tourism bureaus and government agencies are increasingly interested in issues of sustainable tourism, specifically in understanding and measuring the impact of tourism on the quality of life of the residents of the host communities. This handbook covers all relevant topics and is divided into two parts: research relating to travelers/tourists, and research relating to the residents of host communities. It is the only state-of-the-art reference book in its field and will prove invaluable to academics interested in QOL research, as well as tourism practitioners interested in applying the science of QOL in the tourism industry.

Download or read book Tourism Development written by William C. Gartner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1996-08-23 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For tourism professionals and urban and regional planners, this highly readable text introduces tourism development as a process with its own organizational structures and its own responses to the economic cycle of supply and demand. Here, the author keeps pace with the changing trends in tourism, its link with economic theory, and academic research as well as accessibility to travelers with across-the-board economic backgrounds.

Download or read book The Economic Geography of the Tourist Industry written by Dimitri Ioannides and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available on Hospitality and Tourism Complete Publications via EBSCOHOST via internet. A password may be needed off campus.

Download or read book Modeling Business Cycle of the Korean Tourism Industry written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Influencing Tourism and Gas Industry written by Johnny Ch Lok and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ⦁Does oil price sudden high rising factor influence global oil industry rapid reaches decline life cycle stage?Can sudden oil price sudden raising factor cause global oil industry rapid reaches decline life cycle stage? For example sudden crude oil price raising of last year from US$40 to US$150, even $200 or higher per barrel. Why did it happen to cause global oil industry reaches decline life cycle stage in possible? When global economic growth, if it influences global oil price raises, such as the case crude oil price sudden rises to US$150, even more from US$40 per barrel. Due to global crude oil demand increases, but crude oil supply is shortage. SO, it causes crude oil price increases high percentage from US$40 to US$150, even higher per barrel. Because crude oil is shortage, global crude oil supply reduces, but global crude oil consumers number is increasing.Consequently, it causes global crude oil price may have influential increasing number. IS it good or bad to oil manufacturers when they sell too high crude oil price to global crude oil consumers? Although, it seems that raising crude oil price may help them to earn high profit, it will cause many crude oil users feel crude oil prices are too high. So, they will attempt to choose to use other kinds of oil energy to replace it, when other kinds of similar crude oil energy products can also satisfy their energy needs. Can too high crude oil price influence crude oil industry rapid reaches decline life cycle stage? I shall attempt to explain as below: It is correct that say they the price is linked to the supply and demand balance, the essential is to explain oil price movements by use of the classic model of economics, price=f(demand, supply). We need to find out the commodity whose supply and demand is determining the dynamics of oil. It is therefore reasonable to question whether the economic model utilized really models or if it is applied in an incorrect way to the oil market. Or rather, that the technological complexity of this crude oil market does not allow it to be modelled on the simple relationship between demand and supply at a global level.Econometric models to crude oil is more suitable, which are suitable for the commodities ( coffee, copper, gold etc.), where the production and technological transformation processes are less complex. SO, it implies that crude oil business life cycle stage development factor ought be influenced by its unpredicted refining crude oil manufacturing technological factor as well as it influences that this kind energy product needs how much time to reach growth life cycle stage from birth stage or reaches mature life cycle stage from growth cycle stage, even it will be influenced to experience the decline life cycle stage by any kinds of unpredicted new energy invention. So, if future one new energy invention may be used to replace crude oil raw material to produce any kinds of energy products . Then, global crude oil demand may be influenced to decrease by this kind of new energy invention. Consequently, it may cause global crude oil industry will experience the decline life cycle stage.We refer new to the crude oil market ( raw material ), to the finished products market( gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, fuel oil, chemical feedstocks) and to the financial market for crude and finished products ( futures). We should always remember that in our cars an in airplanes do not use crude oil, but finished products, which are increasingly difficult to produce. We can not also neglect the dramatic developments of the future market and its prodominant role in the world economy. So, if in our future energy development, scientists can invent one kind of energy which does not need to use crude oil ( raw material) to finished any kinds of oil produces. Then, global crude oil industry, it will be possible influenced to rapid reaches life cycle stage.

Download or read book Tourism Economics written by Álvaro Matias and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-07-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The assessment of local, regional or national impacts of an influx of tourists – of different kind and origin – has in recent years become a new challenge for economics research in the tourism sector. There is a clear need to develop solid methodologies through which the socio-economic impacts of tourism can be assessed. Tourism impact assessment – as a systematic approach to the estimation of socio-economic effects of tourism on relevant parts of the economy – has become a timely response to the need for appropriate information for stakeholders, both public and private. The present volume brings together a set of recent impact studies – of both a theoretical-methodological and an applied policy-oriented nature – , which have been selected on the basis of their originality or novel contribution to the research in this field.

Download or read book ECCU Business Cycles written by Mr.Wendell A. Samuel and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a fixed peg to the U.S. dollar for more than three decades, the tourism-dependent Eastern Caribbean Currency Union (ECCU) countries share a close economic relationship with the U.S. This paper analyzes the impact of the United States on ECCU business cycles and identifies possible transmission channels. Using two different approaches (the common trends and common cycles approach of Vahid and Engle (1993) and the standard VAR analysis), it finds that the ECCU economies are very sensitive to both temporary and permanent movements in the U.S. economy and that such linkages have strengthened over time. There is, however, less clear-cut evidence on the transmission channels. United States monetary policy does not appear to be an important channel of influence, while tourism is important for only one ECCU country.

Download or read book The Economic Impact of International Tourism in Greece and Its Sensitivity to the Business cycles written by Antonios S. Karavias and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: