Download or read book Reducing Tobacco Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-04-16 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death in United States, causing more than 440,000 deaths annually and resulting in $193 billion in health-related economic losses each year-$96 billion in direct medical costs and $97 billion in lost productivity. Since the first U.S. Surgeon General's report on smoking in 1964, more than 29 Surgeon General's reports, drawing on data from thousands of studies, have documented the overwhelming and conclusive biologic, epidemiologic, behavioral, and pharmacologic evidence that tobacco use is deadly. This evidence base links tobacco use to the development of multiple types of cancer and other life-threatening conditions, including cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. Smoking accounts for at least 30 percent of all cancer deaths, and 80 percent of lung cancer deaths. Despite the widespread agreement on the dangers of tobacco use and considerable success in reducing tobacco use prevalence from over 40 percent at the time of the 1964 Surgeon General's report to less than 20 percent today, recent progress in reducing tobacco use has slowed. An estimated 18.9 percent of U.S. adults smoke cigarettes, nearly one in four high school seniors smoke, and 13 percent of high school males use smokeless tobacco products. In recognition that progress in combating cancer will not be fully achieved without addressing the tobacco problem, the National Cancer Policy Forum of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) convened a public workshop, Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality, June 11-12, 2012 in Washington, DC. In opening remarks to the workshop participants, planning committee chair Roy Herbst, professor of medicine and of pharmacology and chief of medical oncology at Yale Cancer Center and Smilow Cancer Hospital, described the goals of the workshop, which were to examine the current obstacles to tobacco control and to discuss potential policy, outreach, and treatment strategies that could overcome these obstacles and reduce tobacco-related cancer incidence and mortality. Experts explored a number of topics, including: the changing demographics of tobacco users and the changing patterns of tobacco product use; the influence of tobacco use on cancer incidence and cancer treatment outcomes; tobacco dependence and cessation programs; federal and state level laws and regulations to curtail tobacco use; tobacco control education, messaging, and advocacy; financial and legal challenges to tobacco control efforts; and research and infrastructure needs to support tobacco control strategies, reduce tobacco related cancer incidence, and improve cancer patient outcomes. Reducing Tobacco-Related Cancer Incidence and Mortality summarizes the workshop.
Download or read book Growing Up Tobacco Free written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use kills more people than any other addiction and we know that addiction starts in childhood and youth. We all agree that youths should not smoke, but how can this be accomplished? What prevention messages will they find compelling? What effect does tobacco advertisingâ€"more than $10 million worth every dayâ€"have on youths? Can we responsibly and effectively restrict their access to tobacco products? These questions and more are addressed in Growing Up Tobacco Free, prepared by the Institute of Medicine to help everyone understand the troubling issues surrounding youths and tobacco use. Growing Up Tobacco Free provides a readable explanation of nicotine's effects and the process of addiction, and documents the search for an effective approach to preventing the use of cigarettes, chewing and spitting tobacco, and snuff by children and youths. It covers the results of recent initiatives to limit young people's access to tobacco and discusses approaches to controls or bans on tobacco sales, price sensitivity among adolescents, and arguments for and against taxation as a prevention strategy for tobacco use. The controversial area of tobacco advertising is thoroughly examined. With clear guidelines for public action, everyone can benefit by reading and acting on the messages in this comprehensive and compelling book.
Download or read book Up in Smoke written by Martha Derthick and published by C Q Press College. This book was released on 2002 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tobacco Settlement Legislation written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Indian Affairs (1993- ) and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tobacco use by adolescents and young adults poses serious concerns. Nearly all adults who have ever smoked daily first tried a cigarette before 26 years of age. Current cigarette use among adults is highest among persons aged 21 to 25 years. The parts of the brain most responsible for cognitive and psychosocial maturity continue to develop and change through young adulthood, and adolescent brains are uniquely vulnerable to the effects of nicotine. At the request of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products considers the likely public health impact of raising the minimum age for purchasing tobacco products. The report reviews the existing literature on tobacco use patterns, developmental biology and psychology, health effects of tobacco use, and the current landscape regarding youth access laws, including minimum age laws and their enforcement. Based on this literature, the report makes conclusions about the likely effect of raising the minimum age to 19, 21, and 25 years on tobacco use initiation. The report also quantifies the accompanying public health outcomes based on findings from two tobacco use simulation models. According to the report, raising the minimum age of legal access to tobacco products, particularly to ages 21 and 25, will lead to substantial reductions in tobacco use, improve the health of Americans across the lifespan, and save lives. Public Health Implications of Raising the Minimum Age of Legal Access to Tobacco Products will be a valuable reference for federal policy makers and state and local health departments and legislators.
Download or read book Tobacco Control Legislation written by D. Douglas Blanke and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2004 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On title page: Tools for advancing tobacco control in the 21st century.
Download or read book Tobacco Legislation and the Food and Drug Administration and Smokeless Tobacco Issues in the Proposed Settlement written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book FDA Tobacco Regulation written by C. Stephen Redhead and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2009-11 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 111th Congress is considering legislation that would give the FDA broad new statutory authority to regulate the manufacture and marketing of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products. This report provides a detailed summary of the proposed legislation and discusses the public health and legal issues it raises. Contents: (1) Views on FDA Tobacco Regulation: Public Health Viewpoint; Industry Viewpoint; (2) Proposed Tobacco Product Regulation: Reduced-Risk Tobacco Products; Tobacco Product Design and Characteristics; Menthol Cigarettes; (3) Legal Issues: Restrictions on Ads and Promotion; First Amend. Issues; Preemption of State and Local Regulation Re: Labeling, Ads, and Promotion; (4) Tobacco Master Settlement Agreement.
Download or read book Up in Smoke written by Martha A. Derthick and published by CQ Press. This book was released on 2011-07-26 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now, with a brand new 3rd edition, the book returns to "ordinary politics" and the passage of the Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act which gave the FDA broad authority to regulate both the manufacture and marketing of tobacco products. Derthick shows our political institutions working as they should, even if slowly, with partisanship and interest group activity playing their part in putting restraints on cigarette smoking.
Download or read book Tobacco Control Laws written by Peter D. Jacobson and published by Minnesota Historical Society. This book was released on 1997 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, the authors examined the process by which anti-tobacco laws and ordinances were implemented and enforced in seven states and 19 localities. Their findings indicated that state- and local-level clean indoor air laws were rarely enforced by government agencies. Instead, these laws were largely self-enforcing, in that changed social norms regarding appropriate smoking behavior have led to high compliance rates. In contrast, teen access laws were consistently and vigorously enforced, mainly through periodic vendor compliance checks that were conducted in many of the sites visited. The authors also found that anti-tobacco forces do not devote a significant amount of resources to implementation and enforcement issues. Rather, their attention is focused on enacting new legislation and fighting tobacco industry attempts to weaken existing laws through, for example, state preemption of local ordinances. Finally, the authors found that local enforcement is a critical ingredient to the success of virtually any tobacco control effort. The study's results do not augur well for public health measures that require state-level enforcement that are opposed by powerful and politically well-connected interests. To be effective, legislation must contain specific enforcement measures, such as license removal by local authorities.
Download or read book Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-02-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.
Download or read book Tobacco Settlement written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Labor and Human Resources and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tobacco Legislation written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Raising Tobacco Prices written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taking Action to Reduce Tobacco Use written by Institute of Medicine and National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-03-02 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Legislative Responses to Tobacco Use written by World Health Organization and published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. This book was released on 1991-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents an important and timely element in WHO's efforts to combat the world smoking epidemic. It contains a selection of national laws, regulations, and other legislative instruments that have been enacted by countries and subnational jurisdictions to combat smoking (and other forms of tobacco use). Most of the texts originally appeared in the WHO quarterly journal, the International Digest of Health Legislation. The scope of the legislation contained in this volume is broad indeed. It covers such aspects as: control of advertising, sponsorship, and other forms of sales promotion; health warnings; control of harmful substances in tobacco products; restrictions on smoking in public places, public transport, and the workplace; anti-smoking programmes directed to children and adolescents; fiscal and economic measures; and institutional mechanisms for policy development and coordination. Readers will be interested to learn that WHO will shortly be publishing a comprehensive update of Roemer's Legislative Action to Combat the World Smoking Epidemic (published by WHO in 1982 in English, French and Arabic editions).
Download or read book Regulating Tobacco written by Robert L. Rabin A. Calder Mackay Professor of Law Stanford University and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001-09-28 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of lawsuits against the tobacco industry has had profound implications for American health policy, tort law, civil law, and welfare and social policy. Since the publication of Rabin and Sugarman's Smoking Policy, class action suits, FDA regulation, clean air legislation, health insurance reimbursement, and extensive advertising have brought tobacco to the forefront of national and public policy debates. This collection includes essays by eleven leading public health experts, economists, physicians, political scientists, and lawyers, whose activities encompass Congressional testimonies, Surgeon General's reports on youth smoking, and clinical trials for drugs for smoking cessation. They analyze specific strategies that have been used to influence tobacco use--including taxation, regulation of advertising and promotion, regulation of indoor smoking, control of youth access to cigarettes and other tobacco products, litigation, and subsidies of smoking cessation--and set them against the latest scientific findings about tobacco use and the changing cultural and political setting against which policy decisions are being made. In addition to Rabin and Sugarman, contributors include Frank Chaloupka, Peter Jacobson, Robert Kagan, Nancy Rigotti, John Slade, and Ken Warner.
