Download or read book Tissue Characterization in MR Imaging written by H. Peter Higer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: H.P. HIGER 1 In the seventeenth century people dreamed about a machine to get rid of evil spirits and obsessions, which were thought to be the main source of mis fortune and disease. I am not going to question this approach, because in a way it sounds reasonable. They dreamed of a machine that would display im ages from the inner world of men which could be easily identified and named. Somehow these are the roots of MR imaging. Of course, we now view disease from a different point of view but our objectives remain the same, namely to make diseases visible and to try to characterize them in order to cure them. This was the reason for setting up a symposium on tissue characterization. About 300 years later the clinical introduction of MRI has great potential for making this dream come true, and I hope that this symposium has con stituted another step toward its realization. When Damadian published his article in 1971 about differences in T1 relaxation times between healthy and pathological tissues, this was a milestone in tissue characterization. His results initiated intensive research in to MR imaging and tissue parameters. Actually his encouraging discovery was not only the first but also the last for a long time in the field of MR tissue characterization.

Download or read book Methods for Tissue Characterization in Low Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Markku Komu and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Tissue Engineering written by Mrignayani Kotecha and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Tissue Engineering provides a unique overview of the field of non-invasive MRI assessment of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Establish a dialogue between the tissue-engineering scientists and imaging experts and serves as a guide for tissue engineers and biomaterial developers alike Provides comprehensive details of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques used to assess a variety of engineered and regenerating tissues and organs Covers cell-based therapies, engineered cartilage, bone, meniscus, tendon, ligaments, cardiovascular, liver and bladder tissue engineering and regeneration assessed by MRI Includes a chapter on oxygen imaging method that predominantly is used for assessing hypoxia in solid tumors for improving radiation therapy but has the ability to provide information on design strategies and cellular viability in tissue engineering regenerative medicine

Download or read book Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Nicole Seiberlich and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a ‘go-to’ reference for methods and applications of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, with specific sections on Relaxometry, Perfusion, and Diffusion. Each section will start with an explanation of the basic techniques for mapping the tissue property in question, including a description of the challenges that arise when using these basic approaches. For properties which can be measured in multiple ways, each of these basic methods will be described in separate chapters. Following the basics, a chapter in each section presents more advanced and recently proposed techniques for quantitative tissue property mapping, with a concluding chapter on clinical applications. The reader will learn: The basic physics behind tissue property mapping How to implement basic pulse sequences for the quantitative measurement of tissue properties The strengths and limitations to the basic and more rapid methods for mapping the magnetic relaxation properties T1, T2, and T2* The pros and cons for different approaches to mapping perfusion The methods of Diffusion-weighted imaging and how this approach can be used to generate diffusion tensor maps and more complex representations of diffusion How flow, magneto-electric tissue property, fat fraction, exchange, elastography, and temperature mapping are performed How fast imaging approaches including parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting can be used to accelerate or improve tissue property mapping schemes How tissue property mapping is used clinically in different organs Structured to cater for MRI researchers and graduate students with a wide variety of backgrounds Explains basic methods for quantitatively measuring tissue properties with MRI - including T1, T2, perfusion, diffusion, fat and iron fraction, elastography, flow, susceptibility - enabling the implementation of pulse sequences to perform measurements Shows the limitations of the techniques and explains the challenges to the clinical adoption of these traditional methods, presenting the latest research in rapid quantitative imaging which has the possibility to tackle these challenges Each section contains a chapter explaining the basics of novel ideas for quantitative mapping, such as compressed sensing and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting-based approaches

Download or read book Development of Quantitative Methods for Myocardial Tissue Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1 5 Tesla written by Sebastian Weingärtner and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Basics of Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by William Oldendorf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is not intended as a general text on MRI. It is written as an intro duction to the field, for nonexperts. We present here a simple exposition of certain aspects of MRI that are important to understand to use this valuable diagnostic tool intelligently in a clinical setting. The basic principles are presented nonmathematically, using no equations and a minimum of symbols and abbreviations. For those requiring a deeper understanding of MRI, this book will help facilitate the transition to standard texts. Chapters 1 through 4 provide a general introduction to the phenomenon of nuclear magnetic resonance and how it is used in imaging. Chapter 1 discus ses magnetic resonance, using a compass needle as an example. In Chapter 2, the transition to the magnetic resonance of the atomic nucleus is made. Chapter 3 describes the principles of imaging. In Chapter 4, the terms T 1 and T 2 are described and their relationship to tissue characterization; the fun damental role of thermal magnetic noise in T 1 and T 2 is discussed.

Download or read book Tissue Characterization by Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy and Imaging written by Franca Podo and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Intravoxel Incoherent Motion IVIM MRI written by Denis Le Bihan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-05 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First book ever on the topic Discusses current concepts and methodological issues for the successful implementation of IVIM MRI to investigate tissue perfusion non-invasively Covers a wide range of clinical applications Contributions by leading experts in the field from USA, Europe, and Asia and written with a good balance of methodological and clinical chapters Includes an extensive bibliography for further reading

Download or read book Development of MRI Techniques for Tissue Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Multitasking written by Pei Han and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic resonance multitasking (MR Multitasking) is a multi-dimensional imaging framework that was developed recently. With low-rank tensor modeling, signal correlation among images at different time dimensions are exploited in MR Multitasking to resolve motion, accelerate image acquisition, and enhance image quality. Though initially developed for cardiovascular imaging, it has also been extended to many other applications, such as whole-brain multi-parametric mapping, free-breathing abdominal dynamic contrast enhanced imaging, etc. The primary focus of this dissertation is to improve two important MR tissue characterization techniques using MR Multitasking: (1) Electrocardiogram (ECG)-less myocardial T1 and extracellular volume fraction (ECV) mapping in small animals at 9.4 T, and (2) Fast 3D chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging for human studies at 3.0 T. ECV quantification with cardiovascular magnetic resonance T1 mapping is a powerful tool for the characterization of focal or diffuse myocardial fibrosis. However, it is technically challenging to acquire high-quality T1 and ECV maps in small animals for preclinical research because of high heart rates and high respiration rates. An ECG-less, free-breathing ECV mapping method using MR Multitasking was developed on a 9.4 T small animal MR system. The feasibility of characterizing diffuse myocardial fibrosis was tested in a rat heart failure model with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). A 25-min exam, including two 4-min T1 Multitasking scans before and after gadolinium injection, were performed on each rat. It allows a cardiac temporal resolution of 20 ms for a heart rate of ~300 bpm. Elevated ECV found in the HFpEF group is consistent with previous human studies and well correlated with histological data. This technique has the potential to be a viable imaging tool for myocardial tissue characterization in small animal models. CEST imaging is a non-contrast MRI technique that indirectly detects exchangeable protons in the water pool. It is achieved by performing frequency selective saturation at those protons before acquiring water signal readout. CEST MRI provides a novel contrast mechanism to image important physiological information, such as pH and metabolite concentration. However, long scan time is still a crucial problem in many CEST imaging applications, which makes it difficult to translate current CEST techniques into clinical practice. A novel 3D steady-state CEST method using MR Multitasking was developed in the brain at 3.0 T. This allows the Z-spectrum of 55 frequency offsets to be acquired with whole-brain coverage at 1.7 x 1.7 x 3.0 mm3 spatial resolution in 5.5 min. Quantitative CEST maps from multi-pool fitting showed consistent image quality across the volume. Motion handling in moving organs is another challenge for practical CEST imaging. For instance, breath-holding is currently needed in liver CEST imaging to reduce motion artifacts, which limits not only spatial resolution, but also scan volume coverage. Following the whole-brain CEST protocol, a respiration-resolved 3D abdominal CEST imaging technique using MR Multitasking was developed, which enables whole-liver coverage with free-breathing acquisition. CEST images of 55 frequency offsets with entire-liver coverage and 2.0 x 2.0 x 6.0 mm3 spatial resolution were generated within 9 min. Both APTw and glycoCEST signals showed high sensitivity between post-fasting and post-meal acquisitions.

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine written by Jacques de Certaines and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1992 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Biology and Medicine , presents the experimental and basic aspects of functional and pathological tissue characterization of MRS. A balance is drawn between the basic science, practical technologies and biomedical applications. Covering recent developments in the field: localization, 2D NMR, spectroscopic imaging, data quantification and quality assessment, as well as the basic principles of magnetic resonance spectroscopy, this book provides the lecturer and postdoctoral student, with a valuable research tool for the laboratory. This book is didactically-orientated, with 13 chapters devoted to MRS methodology, 3 chapters on MRS equipment, 13 chapters on clinical and experimental MRS, as well as an appendix containing the basic sciences for MRS and a MRS glossary.

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Elastography written by Sudhakar K. Venkatesh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first book to cover the groundbreaking development and clinical applications of Magnetic Resonance Elastography, this book is essential for all practitioners interested in this revolutionary diagnostic modality. The book is divided into three sections. The first covers the history of MRE. The second covers technique and clinical applications of MRE in the liver with respect to fibrosis, liver masses, and other diseases. Case descriptions are presented to give the reader a hands-on approach. The final section presents the techniques, sequence and preliminary results of applications in other areas of the body including muscle, brain, lung, heart, and breast.

Download or read book Cardiac Tissue Characterization Following Myocardial Infarction Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Jay Detsky and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Texture Analysis for Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Milan Hájek and published by Texture Analysis Magn Resona. This book was released on 2006 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumors and Their Mimics written by A.M.A. de Schepper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic resonance imaging has already become a most valuable imaging modality in the diagnostic work-up of musculoskeletal neoplasms. While high accuracy of MRI for staging purposes has been proven, we will focus in this monograph on the characterization of primary bone and soft tissue tumors by MRI. The major purpose of this monograph is to provide an atlas of magnetic resonance features of primary bone and soft tissue tumors for radiologists, orthopedic surgeons and physiotherapists. The results presented are based on investigations of 94 primary bone and soft tissue tumors and mimicking conditions by magnetic resonance imaging. Although the scale of the material allows for statistical handling, the number of patients per subgroup is too small to come to definite conclusions. We will therefore limit ourselves to the description of and comments on a great number of cases to illustrate the diagnostic potential of this new imaging modality. We would like to thank the anonymous cooperators: referring clinicians, pathologists, nurses, technicians and secretaries whose help enabled us to present this monograph. We would also like to express our gratitude to the firms Siemens AG and Schering AG for technical support.

Download or read book Simultaneous Quantitative Multiparametric MRI for In Vivo Tissue Characterization Using Magnetic Resonance Multitasking Methodology and Clinical Experience written by Sen Ma and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In current clinical systems, magnetic resonance imaging scans for disease diagnosis and prognosis are dominated by qualitative contrast-weighted imaging. These qualitative MR images reveal regional differences in signal intensities between tissues with focal structural or functional abnormalities and tissues that are supposedly in healthy states, facilitating subjective determination for disease diagnosis. The administration of gadolinium-based contrast agents is prevalent in clinical MRI exams, which alternates the relaxation time of neighboring water protons and creates enhanced signal intensities from damaged tissues with high vascular density and thin vessel wall for better visualization. Nowadays, nearly 50% of the MRI studies were conducted with contrast agents. However, patients with renal insufficiency are at risk of developing nephrogenic system fibrosis if exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents, and chronic toxic effects of possible gadolinium retention have been reported. In the meantime, qualitative contrast-weighted images have limited sensitivity to subtle alteration in tissue states, lack of biological specificity and multi-center reproducibility, and limited predictive values. One promising alternative is quantitative multiparametric MRI, which contains various methods to quantify multiple parameters with interpretable physical units that are intrinsic to tissue properties. Most of these quantitative approaches do not involve the administration of contrast agents, therefore ensuring the safety of the application to a wide range of patients and reducing the costs of MRI. These quantitative parameters are highly reproducible, sensitive to subtle physiological tissue changes, and specific for disease pathologies. More importantly, each of these parameters reveal tissue properties in different aspects, having the potential to offer complementary information for comprehensive tissue characterization, and acting as biomarkers that are directly associated with diseases states. Despite the benefits to clinical studies, quantitative multiparametric MRI has yet to be widely adopted in routine clinical practices because of several major technical limitations including (i) long scan times that compromises image resolution and/or spatial coverage, (ii) motion artifacts, (iii) misaligned parametric maps due to separate acquisitions, and (iv) complicated clinical workflow. This dissertation aims to address some of these challenges by proposing a simultaneous quantitative multiparametric MRI approach with Magnetic Resonance Multitasking and focus on the quantification of T1, T2, T1 , and ADC, which serves as the start of the ultimate goal to provide a clinically translatable, multiparametric whole-body quantitative tissue characterization technique. A novel approach to simultaneously quantifying T1, T2, and ADC in the brain was first developed using MR Multitasking in conjunction with a time-resolved phase correction strategy to compensate for the inter-shot phase inconsistencies introduced by physiological motion. It was implemented as a push-button, continuous acquisition that simplified the workflow. This technique was initially demonstrated in healthy subjects to efficiently produce distortion-free, co-registered T1, T2, and ADC maps with 3D brain coverage (100mm) in 9.3min. The resulting T1, T2, and ADC measurements in the brain were comparable to reference quantitative approaches. Abrupt motion was manually identified and removed to yield T1, T2, and ADC maps that were free from motion artifacts and with accurate quantitative measurements. Clinical feasibility was demonstrated on post-surgery glioblastoma patients. A motion-resolved, simultaneous T1, T2, and T1 quantification technique was then developed using MR Multitasking in a push-button 9min acquisition. Rigid intra-scan head motion was captured and simultaneously resolved along with the relaxation processes. This technique was first validated in healthy subjects to produce high quality, whole-brain (140mm) T1, T2, and T1 maps and repeatable T1, T2, and T1 measurements that were in excellent agreement with gold standard methods. Motion-resolved, artifact-free maps were generated under either in-plane or through-plane motion, which provided a novel avenue for handling rigid motion in brain MRI. Synthetic contrast-weighted qualitative images comparable to clinical images were generated using the parameter maps, demonstrating the significant potential to replace conventional MRI scans with a single Multitasking scan for clinical purposes. This technique was applied in a pilot clinical setting to perform tissue characterization in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. The combination of T1, T2, and T1 significantly improved the accuracy of the differentiation of multiple sclerosis patients from healthy controls, compared to either single parameter alone, indicating the clinical utility of T1, T2, and T1 as quantitative biomarkers. Lastly, the above two quantitative techniques were extended to other body organs for a preliminary demonstration of potential applications, where we 1) simultaneously quantified T1, T2, and ADC in the breast with whole-breast coverage (160mm) in 8min, incorporating a B1+-compensated multiparametric fitting approach to address the notable B1+ inhomogeneity across the bilateral breast FOV, and to provide distortion-free, co-registered whole-breast T1, T2, and ADC maps with good in vivo repeatability; and 2) simultaneously quantified myocardial T1 and T1 in a single non-ECG, free-breathing acquisition, where cardiac motion and respiratory motion were retrospectively identified and simultaneously resolved to produce dynamic myocardial T1 and T1 maps of 20 cardiac phases with high temporal resolution (15ms) in a single, continuous acquisition of 1.5min per slice. Multitasking T1 and T1 measurements in the heart were comparable with gold standard techniques.

Download or read book Quantitative MR Tissue Characterization by Phase Contrast Chemical Shift Imaging written by Christine Claire Lodes and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: