Download or read book Time Domains of Hypoxia Adaptation Evolutionary Insights and Applications written by Tatum S. Simonson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Time domains of hypoxia adaptation Evolutionary insights and applications volume II written by Tatum S. Simonson and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Red Cell Life Cycle From Erythropoiesis to Clearance written by Lars Kaestner and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eBook ‘The red cell life-cycle from erythropoiesis to clearance’ continues the discussion of questions like: What are the changes associated with red blood cell maturation, adulthood and senescence? What are the determinants of red blood cell life span and clearance? What are the mechanisms in control of red blood cell mass in healthy humans and patients with various forms of anaemia? Can red blood cells be 'trained' to provide the body with more oxygen during endurance exercises? What are the markers of circulating red blood cell senescence and in cells during storage and transfusion? And what can be learned from various species that developed advanced adaptations to maintain oxygen delivery under stress conditions such as exercising to the limit, diving or living in anaerobic aquatic habitats or at high altitude? Within the approximately 120 days (or 40 in a mouse, or 150-170 in a horse) life span of 'healthy' red blood cells, many cellular properties change leading to aged mixed cell populations in the circulation. Red blood cells seem to be genetically terminated by the time they become red blood cells and the contributions of this eBook increase the understanding of this process. There are surprisingly versatile remodeling processes happening during the red blood cell life span. Numerous disorders are associated with the premature onset of the 'ageing process' of red blood cells. Furthermore, in vitro ageing and/or modifications as well as the slowing down of the modifications is an important issue in transfusion medicine. Many of the molecular mechanisms behind such effects are elucidated in this eBook.
Download or read book Hemoglobin written by Jay F. Storz and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary aim of this book is to provide a synthesis of our current understanding of hemoglobin function and evolution, and to illustrate how research on one particular family of proteins has provided general insights into mechanisms of protein evolution and biochemical adaptation. In doing so, it will also promote an appreciation of how mechanistic insights into protein function can enrich our understanding of how evolution works. Reciprocally, it highlights how approaches in evolutionary genetics (such as phylogenetic comparative methods and ancestral sequence reconstruction) can be brought to bear on questions about the functional evolution of proteins. This treatise on the functional evolution of hemoglobin illustrates how research on a single, well-chosen model system can enhance our investigative acuity and bring key conceptual questions into especially sharp focus.
Download or read book Mosaic Evolution of Subterranean Mammals written by Eviatar Nevo and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Subterranean life exists within an extraordinary environment and has evolved among different groups of mammals all over the globe. With relatively constant temperature, few opportunities to meet organisms other than the immediate family, and a completely different sensory environment, the evolution of such life is fascinating. Locomotion, communication, food-finding, navigation, circadian rhythms, and indeed the whole of the animals' physiology may be specialized to cope with life underground. And from burrowing to blindness, magnetic communication to the weird bee-like eusociality of blind mole rats, specialization has been extreme and has led to speciation in a whole range of new contexts. That the subterranean way of life occurs in different species of mammals across the globe has provided scientists with one of nature's best studied global evolutionary demonstrations of adaptive radiation and speciation. The revolution in molecular biology that has occurred over the last ten years has massively expanded these horizons, allowing scientists to explore, map, and clone the genes underlying the basis of adaptation and speciation and translate their fascinating structural and functional evolution into genes and genomic language. This book draws together the burgeoning literature about all aspects of the biology of subterranean mammals. Beginning with their evolutionary history and the processes that led to the subterranean way of life, the author reviews ecology, behavior, and physiology within the context of the highly stressful subterranean context, considers the specialization that has evolved in response, and then compares the eleven families of extant subterranean mammals. The incredible circumstances surrounding subterranean mammals present a unique, global, 'natural experiment' in evolution that has implications throughout biology. As such, this broad survey will stand as an invaluable reference to evolutionary biologists, ecologists, and molecular biologists for years to come.
Download or read book Oxygen Sensing written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-10 with total page 867 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ability of cells to sense and respond to changes in oxygenation underlies a multitude of developmental, physiological, and pathological processes. This volume provides a comprehensive compendium of experimental approaches to the study of oxygen sensing in 48 chapters that are written by leaders in their fields.
Download or read book Plant Responses to Hypoxia written by Elena Loreti and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular oxygen deficiency leads to altered cellular metabolism and can dramatically reduce crop productivity. Nearly all crops are negatively affected by a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) due to adverse environmental conditions such as excessive rain and soil waterlogging. Extensive efforts to fully understand how plants sense oxygen deficiency and their ability to respond using different strategies are crucial to increase hypoxia tolerance. Progress in our understanding has been significant in recent years. This topic certainly deserves more attention from the academic community; therefore, we have compiled a series of articles reflecting the advancements made thus far.
Download or read book The Natural History of the Doucs and Snub nosed Monkeys written by Nina G. Jablonski and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1998 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "producing a nicely bound and printed book, with excellently reproduced illustrations, including colour photographs the publishers' recommended price is more than fair".International Zoo News, 1998"This book is an excellent addition to the conservation biology literature and will be a valuable reference for all university libraries I highly recommend this book to all those who are concerned about the conservation and management of highly endangered Asian primates".Journal of Mammalogy, 1999
Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases written by Lei Xi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent hypoxia can cause significant structural and functional impact on the systemic, organic, cellular and molecular processes of human physiology and pathophysiology. This book focuses on the most updated scientific understanding of the adaptive (beneficial) and maladaptive (detrimental) responses to intermittent hypoxia and their potential pathogenetic or prophylactic roles in the development and progression of major human diseases. This is a comprehensive monograph for clinicians, research scientists, academic faculty, postgraduate and medical students, and allied health professionals who are interested in enhancing their up-to-date knowledge of intermittent hypoxia research and its translational applications in preventing and treating major human diseases.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Adaptation written by J.R. Spkatch and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-04-24 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bacteria: Volume VII: Mechanisms of Adaptation explores the mechanisms of bacterial adaptations and covers topics ranging from bacterial spores, cysts, and stalks to nitrogen fixation, bacterial chemotaxis, bacteriophage growth, and the structure and biosynthesis of bacterial cell walls. The roles of appendages and surface layers in adaptation of bacteria to their environment are also considered, along with cell division in Escherichia coli. This volume is comprised of nine chapters and begins with a discussion on the structure, properties, formation, and regulation of spores, cysts, and stalks in actinomycetes, blue-green bacteria, myxobacteria, Bacillus, Azotobacter, and Caulobacter. The reader is then introduced to the biochemistry, regulation, genetics, and evolution of nitrogen fixing in organisms; the receptors involved in bacterial chemotaxis and the nature of the sensing mechanism; the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria; and bacterial functions involved in nutrient detection and acquisition. The roles played by organelles and surface layers in the adaptation of bacteria to their environment are also examined. The final chapter deals with the regulation of, and coordination between, the multitude of events involved in cell division in Escherichia coli. This monograph will be a useful resource for microbiologists, bacteriologists, biochemists, and biologists.
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics written by David Whitehouse and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-02-17 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular and Cellular Therapeutics aims to bring together key developments in the areas of molecular diagnostics, therapeutics and drug discovery. The book covers topics including diagnostics, therapeutics, model systems, clinical trials and drug discovery. The developing approaches to molecular and cellular therapies, diagnostics and drug discovery are presented in the context of the pathologies they are devised to treat.
Download or read book Oxygen and the Evolution of Life written by Heinz Decker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-12-03 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the interlaced histories of life and oxygen. It opens with the generation of oxygen in ancient stars and its distribution to newly formed planets like the Earth. Free O2 was not available on the early Earth, so the first life forms had to be anaerobic. Life introduced free O2 into the environment through the evolution of photosynthesis, which must have been a disaster for many anaerobes. Others found ways to deal with the toxic reactive oxygen species and even developed a much more efficient oxygen-based metabolism. The authors vividly describe how the introduction of O2 allowed the burst of evolution that created today’s biota. They also discuss the interplay of O2 and CO2, with consequences such as worldwide glaciations and global warming. On the physiological level, they present an overview of oxidative metabolism and O2 transport, and the importance of O2 in human life and medicine, emphasizing that while oxygen is essential, it is also related to aging and many disease states.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Life History Evolution written by Thomas Flatt and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life history theory seeks to explain the evolution of the major features of life cycles by analyzing the ecological factors that shape age-specific schedules of growth, reproduction, and survival and by investigating the trade-offs that constrain the evolution of these traits. Although life history theory has made enormous progress in explaining the diversity of life history strategies among species, it traditionally ignores the underlying proximate mechanisms. This novel book argues that many fundamental problems in life history evolution, including the nature of trade-offs, can only be fully resolved if we begin to integrate information on developmental, physiological, and genetic mechanisms into the classical life history framework. Each chapter is written by an established or up-and-coming leader in their respective field; they not only represent the state of the art but also offer fresh perspectives for future research. The text is divided into 7 sections that cover basic concepts (Part 1), the mechanisms that affect different parts of the life cycle (growth, development, and maturation; reproduction; and aging and somatic maintenance) (Parts 2-4), life history plasticity (Part 5), life history integration and trade-offs (Part 6), and concludes with a synthesis chapter written by a prominent leader in the field and an editorial postscript (Part 7).
Download or read book Membrane Receptors Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation written by Jason X. -J. Yuan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation is a proceeding of the 2008 Grover Conference (Lost Valley Ranch and Conference Center, Sedalia, Colorado; September 3-7, 2008), which provided a forum for experts in the fields of those receptors, channels and transporters that have been identified as playing key roles in the physiology and pathophysiology of the pulmonary circulation. The book rigorously addresses: i) recent advances in our knowledge of receptors, channels and transporters and their role in regulation of pulmonary vascular function; ii) how modulation of expression and function of receptors, channels and transporters and their interrelationships contribute to the pathogenesis of pulmonary vascular disease; and iii) the therapeutic opportunities that may be revealed by enhancing our understanding of this area. The overall goal was to explore the mechanisms by which specific receptors, channels and transporters contribute to pulmonary vascular function in both health and disease, and how this knowledge may lead to novel interventions in lung dysplasia, pulmonary edema, lung injury, and pulmonary and systemic hypertension to reduce and prevent death from lung disease. Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation is divided into six parts. Part 1 (Ion Channels in the Pulmonary Vasculature: Basics and New Findings) is designated for basic knowledge and recent findings in the research field of ion channels in pulmonary circulation. There are five chapters in Part I discussing the function, expression, distribution and regulation of various ion channels present in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells and how these channels are integrated to regulate intracellular Ca2+ and cell functions. Part II (TRP Channels in the Pulmonary Vasculature: Basics and New Findings) is composed of five chapters that are exclusively designed to discuss the role of a recently identified family of cation channels, transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, in the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone and arterial structure. Part III (Pathogenic Role of Ion Channels in Pulmonary Vascular Disease) includes four chapters that discuss how abnormal function and expression of various ion channels contribute to changes in cell functions and the development of pulmonary hypertension. Part IV (Receptors and Signaling Cascades in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) consists of five chapters devoted to the role of bone morphogenetic protein receptors, Notch receptors, serotonin receptors, Rho kinase and vascular endothelial growth factor receptors in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Part V (Receptors and Transporters: Role in Cell Function and Hypoxic Pulmonary Vasoconstriction) includes four chapters designed to illustrate the potential mechanisms involved in oxygen sensing and hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction and hypertension. Part VI (Targeting Ion Channels and Membrane Receptors in Developing Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Pulmonary Vascular Disease) consists five chapters which discuss the translational research involving on membrane receptors, channels and transporters, including their potential as novel drug targets. We hope that Membrane Receptors, Channels and Transporters in Pulmonary Circulation will allow readers to foster new concepts and new collaborations and cooperations among investigators so as to further understand the role of receptors, channels and transporters in lung pathophysiology. The ultimate goal is to identify new mechanisms of disease, as well as new therapeutic targets for pulmonary vascular diseases. An additional outcome should be enhanced understanding of the role of these entities in systemic vascular pathophysiology, since the conference will include researchers and clinicians with interests in both pulmonary and systemic circulations.
Download or read book Current Trends in the Embryology of Angiosperms written by Sant Saran Bhojwani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolutionary progress made in this fascinating field of sexual reproduction inspired this generously illustrated volume. It includes 21 chapters written by experts, covering all aspects of the embryology of angiosperms, ranging from development, isolation, and structure of gametes to endosperm and seed development.
Download or read book Ernsting s Aviation and Space Medicine 5E written by David Gradwell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-20 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ernsting's Aviation and Space Medicine applies current understanding in medicine, physiology and the behavioural sciences to the medical challenges and stresses that are faced by both civil and military aircrew, and their passengers, on a daily basis. The fifth edition of this established textbook has been revised and updated by a multi-disciplinar
