Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Christina Ann Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: retiree health insurance, obesity, overweight, Food Stamp Program.

Download or read book Three Essays on Health Economics written by Archita Banik and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in the Economics of Health written by Achintya Ray and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Public Economics written by Thomas Mathiasen Selden and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Healthcare Economics written by Marco D. Huesch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Lori L. Timmins and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Eric E. Seiber and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance written by Robin McKnight and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis brings together three essays on issues in the economics of health insurance. The first study considers the effects of average per-patient caps on Medicare reimbursement for home health care, which took effect in October 1997. I use regional variation in the restrictiveness of per-patient caps to identify the short-run effects of this reimbursement change on home health agency behavior, beneficiary health care utilization, and health status. The empirical evidence suggests that agencies responded to the caps by shifting the composition of their caseload towards healthier beneficiaries. In addition, I find that decreases in home care utilization were associated with an increase in outpatient care, and had little adverse impact on the health status of beneficiaries. In the second paper, I examine the impact of Medicare balance billing restrictions on physician behavior and on beneficiary spending. My findings include a significant decline in out-of-pocket expenditures for medical care by elderly households, but no impact on the quantity of care received or in the duration of office visits. The third paper (written with Jonathan Gruber) explores the causes of the dramatic rise in employee contributions to employer-provided health insurance over the past 20 years. We find that there was a large impact of falling tax rates, rising eligibility for insurance through the Medicaid system and through spouses, and deteriorating economic conditions (in the late 1980s and early 1990s). We also find more modest impacts of increased managed care penetration and rising health care costs. Overall, this set of factors can explain about one-quarter of the rise in employee contributions over the 1982-1996 period.

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Yan Song and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This dissertation is composed of three studies that examine three different aspects of the health care system: health insurance, pharmacist and patient decision making, and physician and patient decision making. The first chapter discusses how the designs of New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS), the health insurance for rural residents in China, vary cross counties and over time. I collect first-hand data about the details of the insurance for rural Chinese and contribute to the literature of evaluating the NCMS by providing evidence of the heterogeneity of the insurance. The second chapter studies how the regulations on pharmacist's behavior affect consumer demand for generic prescription drugs. It contributes to our understanding of how to control the expenditure growth on prescription drugs in the United States. The last chapter analyzes how physician and patient's behavior change when information about physician quality becomes more precise. It contributes to our understanding of whether report card programs on physician qualities are necessarily welfare improving. " --

Download or read book Change and Choice of Nursing Home Quality and Health Insurance Three Essays in Applied Health Economics written by Thu-Van Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics and Public Policy written by Olga V. Milliken and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Policy and Economics written by Erin L. Duffy and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patients treated at in-network facilities can involuntarily receive services from out-of-network professionals, which may result in a "surprise bill." As of June 2019, fewer than half of states protect patients from surprise out-of-network medical bills, and there are no federal policies enacted to protect patients. Moreover, payment for out-of-network medical services contribute to rising health care costs in the United States. This dissertation is comprised of three essays addressing surprise out-of-network medical bills and out-of-network health care provider payment. The first essay quantifies the prevalence and magnitude of potential surprise medical bills in ambulatory surgery centers (ASCs) and describes the characteristics of providers and health plans involved. This observational study of commercial claims identifies possible surprise out-of-network bills in one-in-twelve ASC episodes. These potential bills average $1,100 per episode and are predominately generated by anesthesiologists, registered nurse anesthetists, and independent laboratories. These findings indicate that consumer protection policies are needed to address surprise out-of-network billing in ASCs. The second essay examines the early effects of California's recent policy addressing surprise medical billing (AB-72) on the dynamics among physician, hospital, and insurer stakeholders. This case study identifies that an out-of-network payment standard set at payer-specific local average commercial negotiated rates has changed the negotiation dynamics between hospital-based physicians and payers. Leverage has shifted in favor of payers, and physicians reported that this experience of decreased leverage is exacerbating provider consolidation. Thus, this study finds that out-of-network payment limits can influence payer-provider bargaining. The third essay projects the potential impacts of an out-of-network hospital payment limit on negotiated in-network payments by private health plans. This study estimates the effects of three proposed out-of-network payment limits for hospital care - 80% of billed charges, average private prices, and 125% of Medicare - on negotiated in-network prices and total payments for hospital care in 2017. The results suggest that a strict out-of-network payment limit set at 125% of Medicare could achieve reductions in hospital payments similar to more drastic reforms, such as Medicare for All and public plan buy-in programs. This dissertation demonstrates that policies to address surprise out-of-network billing must be comprehensive in the scope of services, settings, and patient populations they cover to effectively protect patients. It also demonstrates that policies to address out-of-network billing impact the underlying contracting dynamics of the health care market and can influence the amount paid to providers both out-of-network and in-network.

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Matias Francisco Ortiz de Zárate Rodríguez and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Health Insurance written by Joseph Orsini and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores the functioning of the non-group health insurance market under various regulatory regimes. The first chapter estimates the relationship between health status and product choice in this market prior to the Affordable Care Act (ACA). I use insurers' decisions of whether to approve or reject applications for health insurance to identify this relationship. These decisions are based upon a comprehensive health history that the consumer must disclose to the insurer upon applying. I assume that the insurer uses this health history, as well as the financial characteristics of the product that was applied for, to estimate the expected cost of insuring the consumer, approving whenever this cost exceeds the product's premium. This assumption allows me to estimate how insurers' forecasts of applicants' costs differ depending on the type of product chosen in a discrete choice framework. I estimate that demanders of high deductible coverage are much costlier to insure than others. Additional analysis reveals that these consumers are likely to be impoverished, suggesting that cash constraints and/or price sensitivity may explain their preference for minimal coverage. The second chapter is co-authored with Pietro Tebaldi, and estimates the impact of age-based pricing restrictions in the post-reform market. The ACA fixes the ratio between health insurance premiums charged to consumers of different ages, which generates a relationship between the fraction of relatively old consumers in a geographic market and the prices faced by young consumers in that market. We show that this relationship is present in the prices faced by consumers on the ACA exchanges, but was not present in the pre-ACA market. We take this as evidence that the relationship between price and population age observed in the ACA data is indeed attributable to this regulation. We then use this variation, combined with a model of insurer price-setting, to back out the age-specific prices that would prevail if the regulation of interest were eliminated. We estimate that this regulation substantially raises premiums for younger buyers while reducing them for older buyers, and therefore alters the allocation of coverage to consumers of different ages. Because the value of the subsidies that the federal government provides is directly tied to premiums, this regulation has also had a substantial impact on the federal budget, decreasing subsidy outlays by approximately $2.3 billion. The final chapter is co-authored with Michael Dickstein, Mark Duggan, and Pieto Tebaldi, and explores another aspect of the ACA's pricing restrictions. Individual states have discretion in how they define coverage regions, within which insurers must charge the same premium to buyers of the same age, family structure, and smoking status. We exploit variation in these definitions to investigate whether the size of the coverage region affects outcomes in the ACA marketplaces. We find large consequences for small and rural markets. When states combine small counties with neighboring urban areas into a single region, the included rural markets see .6 to .8 more active insurers, on average, and savings in annual premiums of between $200 and $300.

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Anna Choi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation contains three essays in the field of health economics and health policy. The first essay studies the effects of legalizing medical use of marijuana on marijuana use and other risky health behaviors. I examine the restricted-use data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), which is a repeated cross sectional data set with state identifiers from 2004 to 2012. During this period, 9 states and Washington D.C. allowed patients with medical conditions to use marijuana. I estimate difference-in-differences (DID) models to examine the impacts of these policy changes on risky health behaviors. Allowing medical use of marijuana does not lead to higher marijuana use among the overall population and the youth. However, I find that medical marijuana laws (MMLs) are positively and significantly associated with marijuana use among males and heavy pain reliever users. The second essay is a joint work with John Cawley and tests a novel hypothesis: that these health disparities across education are to some extent due to differences in reporting error across education. We use data from the pooled National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) Continuous for 1999-2012, which include both self-reports and objective verification for an extensive set of health behaviors and conditions, including smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes. We find that better educated individuals report their health behaviors more accurately. This is true for a wide range of behaviors and conditions, even socially stigmatized ones like smoking and obesity. We show that the differential reporting error across education leads to underestimates of the true health disparities across education that average 19.3%. The third essay is a joint work with Rachel Dunifon and studies how state regulations related to the quality of child care centers-such as teachers' education and degree requirements, staff to child ratios, maximum group size, and unannounced inspection compliance requirement-are predictive of children's health, developmental and cognitive outcomes. State level policies that are related to improving the productivity of child care center teachers by having a higher staff to child ratios and advanced schooling requirement are predictive of child's weight related outcomes and cognitive outcomes.

Download or read book Health Care Utilization and Insurance Consumer Choices of Pharmaceutical Drugs Uncertainty and Demand for Health Care written by Zehua Xia and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Health Economics written by Touchanun Komonpaisarn and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three studies in the field of health economics. The first chapter studies the market situation of the U.S. nursing home industry. It uses the most recent data available from the Annual Survey of Nursing Homes conducted in Wisconsin. In this study, we derive theoretical predictions from an optimization problem of a representative nursing home under various assumptions. We introduce a new measure, a home's bed-utilization rate, in our empirical strategy and find evidence of excess demand from Medicaid patients in Wisconsin. A positive relationship between Medicaid payment rates and private-pay prices is found in homes with high bed utilization. Additionally, we find strong adverse effects of higher reimbursement rates on quality measures. These findings prove there is an excess demand from Medicaid patients in Wisconsin. This conclusion has direct implications for the quality of care that a nursing home provides for its patients. The second study takes advantage of the "natural experiment" features of the major health care reform in Thailand in 2002 in order to estimate the price elasticity of health care demand among Thai citizens. We use the difference-in-difference technique to capture the pure effect of the reform on the health care utilization behavior of those who were directly affected by the reform. In order to capture any secular trend in health care utilization, we use data from a group of people who were not affected by the reform. We find that the reduction in health care price immediately induced those who lacked health insurance coverage to increase their visits to a public health care facility, although similar trends were not found a few years after the reform. The estimated change in visits is used to calculate the price elasticity of demand, which falls in the range of -1.36 to -0.58. The last study examines the relationship between risky behaviors among Americans aged 50-65 and their health insurance coverage. Despite the fact that moral hazard behaviors are predicted by economic theory, the study finds that health insurance has no significant effect on certain risky behaviors such as smoking. Surprisingly, we find a significantly positive relationship between health insurance coverage and healthy behaviors such as exercising regularly. This finding reflects the importance of health insurance companies in providing its customers with more health information that could encourage health-oriented attitudes.