Download or read book Three Essays on Emergency Response Information Systems written by Rui Chen (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the three essays, essay 1 theorizes the existing literature in emergency management and information systems to propose the fundamental design principles of emergency response information systems. On the basis of essay 1, essay 2 provides detailed accounts on the communication aspects in emergency response information system design and consequently develops data standards that strengthen communication capabilities in incident response. Essay 3 continues the success of essay 2 to create refined research methodology for data model development that ultimately results in further improvement in emergency communication support.

Download or read book Three Essays on Emergency Response Information Systems written by Rui Chen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emergency incidents (e.g., earthquake, hurricane, and flood) have greatly threatened the normalcy of the social and economic systems. Emergencies are typically characterized by high uncertainty; sudden and unexpectedness in terms of the incident location, magnitude, and scenario; great risk and possible loss of life and property due to the event and the slow response; severe resource shortages; and technology disablement in the devastated area, etc. Further, emergency may involve the response efforts from various functional teams and from multiple jurisdictions. Information Systems (IS) can aid in the management of emergency incidents by facilitating the information flow, supporting the decision making, and enabling coordination and collaboration. Despite of the growing interest in this area, IS research that helps with the information system design, implementation, and management is scanty. My dissertation attempts to address issues in emergency response information system design. Through three essays, this dissertation examines the broad areas in emergency response system design and further delves into some of the core issues that require immediate research efforts and improvement. Among the three essays, essay 1 theorizes the existing literature in emergency management and information systems to propose the fundamental design principles of emergency response information systems. On the basis of essay 1, essay 2 provides detailed accounts on the communication aspects in emergency response information system design and consequently develops data standards that strengthen communication capabilities in incident response. Essay 3 continues the success of essay 2 to create refined research methodology for data model development that ultimately results in further improvement in emergency communication support.

Download or read book Three Essays on Critical Incident Management Systems written by Jin Ki Kim and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After recent incidents and disasters, a lot of research on emergency management has been carried out. However, there is in general a lack of literature that deals with the comprehensive model to explain which factors influence the efficiency of decision support and the effectiveness of execution support by emergency management systems. The aim of this dissertation is to develop and validate a comprehensive model which explains the critical factors that contribute to the efficiency of decision support and the effectiveness of execution by the critical incident management systems (CIMS). This dissertation consists of three essays. The aim of the first essay is to develop and validate an instrument to measure the critical factors that contribute to the efficiency of decision support in critical incident management systems (CIMS). The instrument has been developed using a CIMS efficiency model that is based on an adaptation of media richness theory, aspects of the national incident management system (NIMS) and interviews with experts on emergency management. The instrument has been validated through a pretest, followed by a pilot test and, finally, a main field test which includes a survey of 76 experts. The final instrument consists of 28 statistically relevant question items, which form eight constructs. The instrument allows communities to assess both strengths and weaknesses of existing systems. This allows communities to better prepare for disasters as it informs both policies and practice on areas of weakness that need to addressing. The second essay is developed on the basis of Information Theory and several studies on risk communications. The model has been validated through an empirical test which includes a survey of 108 first-responders in the western New York area. The results indicate that the effectiveness of execution is dependent on the efficiency of decision support by the CIMS and the efficiency of decision support can be obtained by sufficient communication channel and better information sharing. The comprehensive model could be the basis for further exploration into the measurement of performance on first-responders activities and emergency management systems. The third essay is extended from the second essay in order to include the effects of human and psychological aspects of first-responders and resource allocation. The model has been validated through an empirical test which includes a survey of 129 first-responders in the state of Louisiana where were seriously struck by hurricanes Katrina and Rita on August and September 2005. The results indicate that the effectiveness of execution support is dependent on three factors: the efficiency of decision support, on-scene coping of first-responders, and public communication. The results also clarifies that the efficiency of decision support depends on the resource sufficiency, which is dependent on three factors: resource allocation, information sharing, and sensor information. Comparison between hurricanes Katrina and Rita areas discovers that the first-responders in severely damages areas evaluated their effectiveness of execution lower than first-responders in well responded areas did. The difference comes from the variation of the efficiency of decision support by systems, on-scene coping; and excessive regulation partially.

Download or read book Information Systems for Emergency Management written by Bartel Van De Walle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the most current and comprehensive overview available today of the critical role of information systems in emergency response and preparedness. It includes contributions from leading scholars, practitioners, and industry researchers, and covers all phases of disaster management - mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. 'Foundational' chapters provide a design framework and review ethical issues. 'Context' chapters describe the characteristics of individuals and organizations in which EMIS are designed and studied. 'Case Study' chapters include systems for distributed microbiology laboratory diagnostics to detect possible epidemics or bioterrorism, humanitarian MIS, and response coordination systems. 'Systems Design and Technology' chapters cover simulation, geocollaborative systems, global disaster impact analysis, and environmental risk analysis. Throughout the book, the editors and contributors give special emphasis to the importance of assessing the practical usefulness of new information systems for supporting emergency preparedness and response, rather than drawing conclusions from a theoretical understanding of the potential benefits of new technologies.

Download or read book Emergency Management and Disaster Response Utilizing Public Private Partnerships written by Hamner, Marvine Paula and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2015-02-28 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of earthquakes, tsunamis, and terrorist attacks, it is evident that emergency response plans are crucial to solve problems, overcome challenges, and restore and improve communities affected by such negative events. Although the necessity for quick and efficient aid is understood, researchers and professionals continue to strive for the best practices and methodologies to properly handle such significant events. Emergency Management and Disaster Response Utilizing Public-Private Partnerships bridges the gap between the theoretical and the practical components of crisis management and response. By discussing and presenting research on the benefits and challenges of such partnerships, this publication is an essential resource for academicians, practitioners, and researchers interested in understanding the complexities of crisis management and relief through public and private partnerships.

Download or read book Handbook of Research on ICTs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency in Healthcare and Social Care written by Cruz-Cunha, Maria Manuela and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-04-30 with total page 1387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Through the use of ICT tools, such as the internet, portals, and telecommunication devices, the quality of healthcare has improved in local and global health; aiding in the development of a sustainable economy. Handbook of Research on ICTs and Management Systems for Improving Efficiency in Healthcare and Social Care brings together a valuable research collection on ICT elements needed to improve communication and collaboration between global health institutes, public and private organizations, and foundations. Highlighting the adoption and success factors in the development of technologies for healthcare, this book is essential for IT professionals, technology solution providers, researchers, and students interested in technology and its relationship with healthcare and social services.

Download or read book Emergency and Disaster Management Concepts Methodologies Tools and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 1758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a world of earthquakes, tsunamis, and terrorist attacks, emergency response plans are crucial to solving problems, overcoming challenges, and restoring and improving communities that have been affected by these catastrophic events. Although the necessity for quick and efficient aid is understood, researchers and professionals continue to strive for the best practices and methodologies to properly handle such significant events. Emergency and Disaster Management: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is an innovative reference source for the latest research on the theoretical and practical components of initiating crisis management and emergency response. Highlighting a range of topics such as preparedness and assessment, aid and relief, and the integration of smart technologies, this multi-volume book is designed for emergency professionals, policy makers, practitioners, academicians, and researchers interested in all aspects of disaster, crisis, and emergency studies.

Download or read book Biosurveillance written by Taha Kass-Hout and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-11-09 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As evidenced by the anthrax attacks in 2001, the SARS outbreak in 2003, and the H1N1 influenza pandemic in 2009, a pathogen does not recognize geographic or national boundaries, often leading to devastating consequences. Automated biosurveillance systems have emerged as key solutions for mitigating current and future health-related events. Focusing

Download or read book ECDG 2019 19th European Conference on Digital Government written by Asst. Prof. Dr. Tuğberk Kaya and published by Academic Conferences and publishing limited. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Information Systems Development for Emerging Public Sector Cross sector Collaborations written by Kayvan Yousefi Mojir and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information systems (IS) seem prevalent in modern societies and have resulted in the rapid digitalisation of different societal sectors. One application domain of IS is emergency response, which is responsible for delivering essential services to save lives and minimise environmental damage in both small , frequent and large-scale emergencies. Specific IS applications are in turn used in emergency response to support such aspects as decision-making, communication, information sharing and the dispatching of resources. Public-sector cut-backs and a lack of professional resources have affected emergency response at the same time as natural disasters (e.g. forest fires, tsunamis, storms, terror attacks, and wars in the Middle East leading to mass migration) have intensified in recent decades. At the same time, frequent, small-scale accidents continue to occur on a regular basis, both in urban and sparsely populated areas. As a result, emergency response actors, first responders, are often placed under severe pressure. An emerging trend in response to these challenges, both in Sweden and internationally, is to create cross-sector forms of collaboration, by combining alternative resources from various sectors. Such collaborations are relatively new and involve heterogeneous stakeholders. Therefore, the thesis objective is to explore IS-related opportunities, challenges and needs aimed at supporting heterogeneous actors in emerging cross-sector collaborations in emergency response in order to enable and facilitate future related IS development. To achieve this, a user-centred approach was applied. A baseline study was performed followed by three case studies on ‘co-location of actors’, ‘co-operative use of resources’ and ‘semi-professionals as first responders’ by performing interviews, focus groups, participant observation, Future Workshops, an exercise and an after-action review. The thesis is based on case study research and qualitative research methods. Sociotechnical systems theory, the sociotechnical ensemble view, and network governance were used as the analytical framework. As part of achieving the thesis objectives, experiences from applying user participation in the context of cross-sector collaboration are also presented as part of the results. A context-specific framework developed to systematise and explore various important aspects of cross-sector collaboration in emergency response is also described. The results of this thesis indicate that the needs for IS in cross-sector collaborations vary from simple smartphone applications to manage alarms, positioning and the dispatching of new resources, to more sophisticated tools for sharing and viewing incident data. The results also indicate that these collaborations have the potential (e.g. resource redundancy, pooled competencies to increase total capacity) to improve Swedish emergency response if supported by adequate IS/IT support. The major challenges are organisational, economic and juridical and the most prominent are ambiguities in actors’ tasks and responsibilities, and how to prioritise between ordinary work and ‘new’ first-response tasks. They must be addressed to enable certain IS-functions, e.g. information sharing and positioning of resources The results also highlight several institutional factors (e.g. mutual interest between members, collective problem-solving, secrecy aspects) which are believed to play a key role in the success or failure of the collaborations and which must be adressed in the development of IS-support. The actors also have substantial basic needs for training (e.g. fire extinguishing, first aid) and emergency supplies (e.g. fire extinguishers, healthcare kits). Applying user participation also faced challenges, the major one being the development of a future cross-sector collaboration in a context that does not yet exist, and involving stakeholders from resource-strained organisations in doing so. The stakeholders, and sometimes also the primary end-users, are partly unknown and tasks are undefined. As a response to these challenges, a combination of activities based on multiple design groups, scenario-based Future Workshops, focus groups, the context-specific framework, a practical exercise and an after-action-review was provided. The framework, which was used to support data collection and user participation, includes 15 dimensions each intended to represent important aspects of cross-sector collaboration. The thesis major contributions are the identified opportunities, challenges and need as a ’sociotechnical ensemble’ and generated and from several studies, thus being comparable. The thesis more theoretical contributions is the combined application of the sociotechnical ensemble view and network governance where the studied collaboration forms are characterised as a hybrid form of networks and more traditional government mechanisms and where it is pointed out that network governance lacks explicit IS/IT aspects. In a wider perspective, the research fields of IS and political science may cross-fertilise each other when studying emerging cross-sector collaboration in the public sector. Identified user participation challenges relevant to the cross-sector collaboration context, suggestions on how they can be handled and the context-specific framework are contributions that can be used in practical user-centred IS development in similar contexts. Informationssystem (IS) används idag i de flesta verksamheter inom respons och räddningsområdet t.ex. för beslutsstöd, kommunikation, informationsutbyte och resurspositionering. Fel i systemen kan bidra till misslyckad samverkan vid räddningsinsatser som i sin tur kan riskera människors liv och orsaka skador på miljö och infrastruktur vid såväl små, frekventa olyckor som storskaliga händelser, kriser och katastrofer. Budgetnedskärningar, brist på professionella resurser, naturkatastrofer (t.ex. skogsbränder, stormar) och terrorattacker är några exempel på utmaningar som har intensifierats under de senaste decennierna. Samtidigt fortsätter frekventa, småskaliga olyckor att inträffa, både i urbana och i glesbygdsområden. Därför är responsaktörerna ofta under hård press. Ett sätt att hantera utmaningarna, både i Sverige och internationellt, är tvärsektoriella samverkansformer som i sin tur involverar ofta heterogena samhällsresurser. Samarbetskontexten är förhållandevis ny och de involverade aktörerna och deras behov delvis okända. Avhandlingen syftar därför till att utforska IS-relaterade möjligheter, utmaningar och behov för att stödja heterogena aktörer inom nya tvärsektoriella framväxande samverkansformer i svensk respons och räddning. För att utforska detta användes en användarcentrerad ansats. Därför genomfördes en bakgrundsstudie och tre fallstudier på ’samlokalisering av aktörer’, ’sambruk av resurser’ och ’semi-professionella som förstainsatspersoner’ genom att utföra intervjuer, fokusgrupper, deltagande observation, Future Workshops, och en övning med följande After-Action-Review. Avhandlingen bygger därmed på fallstudieforskning och kvalitativa forskningsmetoder. ’Socioteknisk systemteori’, begreppet ’socioteknisk ensemble’ och ’network governance’ teori används som forskningens analytiska ramverk. Som ett led i att uppfylla syftet presenteras dessutom erfarenheter från användarmedverkan i kontexten tvärsektoriell samverkan som ett delresultat samt ett kontext-specifikt ramverk utvecklat för att systematisera och utforska olika viktiga aspekter av tvärsektoriell samverkan i respons- och räddningsverksamhet. Avhandlingens resultat visar att behoven av IS i tvärsektoriella samverkansformer varierar från enkla smartphoneapplikationer för larmhantering, positionering och utryckning av nya resurser, till mer sofistikerade verktyg för informationsdelning och gemensamma lägesbilder. Resultaten pekar också mot att med rätt IS stöd har samverkansformerna potential (t.ex. i form av resursredundans, gemensam pool för ökad kapacitet) för att förbättra svensk räddningsverksamhet. De stora utmaningarna är organisatoriska, ekonomiska och juridiska. De mest framträdande är otydligheter i aktörernas uppgifter, roll och ansvar, och hur man prioriterar mellan sitt befintliga arbete och "nya" förstainsatser. Utmaningarna måste lösas för att möjliggöra IS-funktioner, till exempel vid informationsdelning och resurspositionering. Resultaten belyser också explicit flera institutionella faktorer (t.ex. gemensamt intresse och mål, kollektiv problemlösning, sekretesshantering) som tros ha en nyckelroll i samverkansformernas realisering och som måste hanteras i utveckling av relaterat IS-stöd. Aktörerna har också grundläggande behov av träning (t.ex. brandsläckning, första hjälpen) och utrusning (t.ex. brandsläckare, sjukvårdskit). Tillämpningen av användarmedverkan visade också på utmaningar, varav den främsta var att utveckla framtida tvärsektoriell samverkan i ett sammanhang som ännu inte existerar och att involvera intressenter från organisationer med ansträngda resurser för att genomföra detta. Intressenterna, ibland även de primära slutanvändarna, är delvis okända och uppgifterna är odefinierade. Som ett sätt att hantera utmaningarna genomfördes en kombination av aktiviteter som baserades på multipla designgrupper, scenariobaserade Future Workshops, fokusgrupper, ett kontextspecifikt ramverk, en övning och en After-Action-Review samt det kontext-specifika ramverket. Ramverket som användes för att stödja datainsamling och användarmedverkan innehåller 15 dimensioner som är tänkta att representera viktiga aspekter av tvärsektoriella samverkansformer. Avhandlingens främsta bidrag är de identifierade möjligheterna, utmaningarna och behoven som en ’social ensemble’ och som genererade och jämförbara ur flera studier. Avhandlingens mer teoretiska bidrag är den kombinerade tillämpningen av ’sociotechnical ensemble’ och ’network governance’ där de studerade samverkansformerna lyfts fram som en blandform av nätverk och mer traditionella styrmekanismer och där det påpekas att network governance saknar explicita IS/IT delar. I ett större sammanhang kan forskningsfälten IS och statsvetenskap kan komplettera varandra vid studier av framväxande tvärsektoriell samverkan i offentlig sektor. Relevanta utmaningar vid användarmedverkan i kontexten, förslag på hur de kan hanteras och det kontext-specifika ramverket är bidrag som kan används i praktisk användarcentrerad IS-utveckling i liknande sammanhang.

Download or read book Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management in Mediterranean Countries written by Narjès Bellamine Ben Saoud and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management in Mediterranean Countries, ISCRAM‐med 2015, held in Tunis, Tunisia, in October 2015. The objectives of the ISCRAM‐med conference are to provide an outstanding opportunity and an international forum for local and international researchers, practitioners, and policy makers to address and discuss new trends and challenges with respect to information systems for crisis response and disaster management. The 14 full papers and 4 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 41 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on social computing, modeling and simulation, information and knowledge management, engineering of emergency management systems, and decision support systems and collaboration.

Download or read book Information Systems written by Bernd Carsten Stahl and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-03-26 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives an overview of critical research in information systems (CRIS), which will give a useful introduction to those students and researchers not familiar with the topic and assist in carrying the debate further on a variety of issues.

Download or read book Information Systems Theory written by Yogesh K. Dwivedi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall mission of this book is to provide a comprehensive understanding and coverage of the various theories and models used in IS research. Specifically, it aims to focus on the following key objectives: To describe the various theories and models applicable to studying IS/IT management issues. To outline and describe, for each of the various theories and models, independent and dependent constructs, reference discipline/originating area, originating author(s), seminal articles, level of analysis (i.e. firm, individual, industry) and links with other theories. To provide a critical review/meta-analysis of IS/IT management articles that have used a particular theory/model. To discuss how a theory can be used to better understand how information systems can be effectively deployed in today’s digital world. This book contributes to our understanding of a number of theories and models. The theoretical contribution of this book is that it analyzes and synthesizes the relevant literature in order to enhance knowledge of IS theories and models from various perspectives. To cater to the information needs of a diverse spectrum of readers, this book is structured into two volumes, with each volume further broken down into two sections. The first section of Volume 1 presents detailed descriptions of a set of theories centered around the IS lifecycle, including the Success Model, Technology Acceptance Model, User Resistance Theories, and four others. The second section of Volume 1 contains strategic and economic theories, including a Resource-Based View, Theory of Slack Resources, Portfolio Theory, Discrepancy Theory Models, and eleven others. The first section of Volume 2 concerns socio-psychological theories. These include Personal Construct Theory, Psychological Ownership, Transactive Memory, Language-Action Approach, and nine others. The second section of Volume 2 deals with methodological theories, including Critical Realism, Grounded Theory, Narrative Inquiry, Work System Method, and four others. Together, these theories provide a rich tapestry of knowledge around the use of theory in IS research. Since most of these theories are from contributing disciplines, they provide a window into the world of external thought leadership.

Download or read book Research Handbook on E Government written by Welch, Eric W. and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: E-government is an increasingly well-established and wide-ranging field, in which there has been an explosion of new technologies, applications, and data resulting in new challenges and opportunities for e-government research and practice. This Research Handbook advances research in the field of e-government by first recognizing its roots and documenting its growth and progress. It investigates the advent and implications of new technologies, and structures the content around core topics of service, management, engagement and access. Two additional sections examine the role of e-government in developing countries and smart cities.

Download or read book From Integrated Publication and Information Systems to Information and Knowledge Environments written by Matthias Hemmje and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-01-31 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes a commemorative volume devoted to Erich J. Neuhold on the occasion of his 65th birthday. The 32 invited reviewed papers presented are written by students and colleagues of Erich Neuhold throughout all periods of his scientific career. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: Database management enabling information systems Semantic Web drivers for advanced information management Securing dynamic media content integration From digital libraries to intelligent knowledge environments Visualization – key to external cognition in virtual information environments From human-computer interaction to human-artefact interaction Domains for virtual information and knowledge environments.

Download or read book Emergent Collaboration Infrastructures written by Christian Reuter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-13 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​Using the domain of crisis management, Christian Reuter explores challenges and opportunities for technology design in emergent environments. He therefore empirically analyzes collaborative work in inter-organizational crisis – such as the police, fire departments, energy network operators and citizens – in order to identify collaboration practices that reveal work infrastructure limitations. He also designs, implements and evaluates novel concepts and ICT artifacts towards the support of emergent collaboration. Besides the discovery of potential organizational effects on the ability to deal with emergence he presents methodological implications for technology design.

Download or read book Graduate Programs in Business Education Information Studies Law Social Work 2015 Grad 6 written by Peterson's and published by Peterson's. This book was released on 2014-12-30 with total page 11657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Graduate Programs in Business, Education, Information Studies, Law & Social Work 2015 contains helpful facts and figures on more than 11,000 graduate programs. The comprehensive directory includes more than 1,850 institutions and their programs in all of the relevant disciplines such as accounting and finance, business management, education, law, library and information sciences, marketing, social work, and many more. Informative data profiles feature facts and figures on accreditation, degree requirements, application deadlines, contact information, financial support, faculty, and student body profiles. Two-page in-depth descriptions, written by featured institutions, offer complete details on specific graduate program, school, or department as well as information on faculty research. Comprehensive directories list programs in this volume, as well as others in the graduate series.