Download or read book Three Essays in Market Channel Economics written by Li Tian and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Two sided Markets written by Tim Brühn and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Monetary and Financial Economics written by Liang Ma and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three essays in the field of monetary and financial economics. Specifically, we use high-frequency financial data to study monetary policies with a focus on the information effect, namely, that some of the interest rate movements around central bank announcements are not policy-driven, but are results of the market becoming aware of the central bank's view about future economic prospects. Understanding the role played by the information effect will help us apprehend monetary policy implications in both normal times and extraordinary situations. Chapter 1 evaluates the impact of unconventional monetary policy in the newly developed instrumental variable structural Vector Autoregression (VAR) framework. In the current low interest rate environment, central banks must resort to using unconventional monetary policies, such as forward guidance and quantitative easing, to flight recessions. To empirically evaluate the effectiveness of these unconventional policies, we need to rely on the clean policy shock. A prominent concern is that the often used high-frequency interest rate surprises not only reflect unexpected policy changes, but also contain the information effect. We contribute to the literature by using a heteroskedasticity identification approach, taking advantage of changes in the relative dominance of economic shocks around different macroeconomic announcements. Analysis based on clean policy shocks suggests that the unconventional policies successfully aided the recovery in the U.S. More importantly, we show that the information effect, while it may introduce bias, is rather modest when it comes to estimating the real impact of unconventional monetary policies. Chapter 2 studies the stock return pattern after the U.S. Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) announcement. This research is motivated by recent literature that documents stock returns drifts, both before and after FOMC announcements, according to policy rate surprises. Indeed, research has shown that the information contained in the central bank announcement is multifaceted: its current monetary policy stances (monetary policy news) and news about future economic prospects (non-monetary policy news). Our contribution is to combine these two strands of literature. To the best of our knowledge, no study has looked at stock market reactions to the non-monetary news stemming from policy announcements. We identify both good and bad news events using a combination of sign restriction with high-frequency financial prices. The novel finding is that following bad FOMC announcements, that is the market interpreted the Fed announcements as revealing negative information about the economy, we observe significant positive stock returns in a 20-day period. We call this the ``post-FOMC drift.'' Further analysis suggests that the drift is likely caused by relatively heightened risks associated with bad announcements, although the drift is consistent with market overreactions as well. Moreover, the post FOMC drift is a market-wide phenomenon and can be exploited in an easy-to-implement trading strategy with a historical record of earning 40\% of the annual equity premium. In Chapter 3, we explore the channels through which the FOMC announcements affect the financial market. While much of the existing literature measures the surprise components with only changes in policy rates (surrounding the announcement), we contribute to the existing literature by taking a broader view through examining unexpected changes in longer-term yields, corporate credit spreads, and inflation expectations (a proxy for growth prospects), using high-frequency financial data. Through a regression analysis, our findings show that these additional surprises provide orthogonal information and sharply increase the goodness of fit in explaining stock returns around FOMC announcements, with the inclusion of inflation expectations having the biggest contribution. The important role of inflation expectation suggests that the current literature, which uses stock prices together with nominal rates to disentangle the information contents of central bank announcements, may be too limited in the scope of information it uses.

Download or read book Three Essays on Financial Markets and Monetary Policy written by Conglin Xu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Agricultural Marketing written by Kenneth Roger Weiss and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 746 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Monetary Policy the Financial Market and Economic Growth in the U S and China written by Juan Yang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does monetary policy affect the real economy? If so, what is the transmission mechanism or channel through which these effects occur? These two questions are among the most important and controversial in macroeconomics. This dissertation presents some new empirical evidence that addresses each question for the U.S. and Chinese economies. Literature on monetary transmission suggests that the monetary policy can take effect on the real economy through several ways. The most noteworthy one is credit channels, including the bank lending channel and the interest channel. First, I use a new method to test for structural breaks in the U.S. monetary policy history and present some new empirical evidence to support an operative bank lending channel in the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. Results show that an operative bank lending channel existed in 1955 to 1968, and its impact on the economy has become much smaller since 1981, but it still has a significant buffering effect on output by attenuating the effect of the interest channel. Second, I adopt the recently developed time series technique to explore the puzzling negative correlation between output and stock returns in China currently, and posit that it is due to a negative link between monetary policy and stock returns when monetary policy increases output. The monetary policy has not been transmitted well in the public sector which is the principal part of Chinese stock market, and increased investment capital from monetary expansion goes to real estate sector instead of the stock market. Last, I demonstrate how monetary policy has been transmitted into the public and private sectors of China through the credit channel. The fundamental identification problem inherent in using aggregated data that leads to failure in isolating demand shock from supply shock is explicitly solved by introducing control factors. I find that the monetary policy has great impact on private sector rather than public sector through credit channel in China. These findings have important practical implications for U.S. and China's economic development by improving the efficiency of the monetary policy because a comprehensive understanding of monetary transmission will lead to better policy design.

Download or read book Three Essays in Financial Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is composed of three chapters that try to address questions in three different fields. In Chapter 1, I provide evidence that acquirers often pursue takeovers to catch up with competitors. This motive for takeovers leads to an important self-selection problem that is largely overlooked in previous studies, and causes downward bias in traditional estimates of takeover gains. I build a structural model to quantify this bias and measure acquirers' true takeover gains. Once estimated to match key data moments, the model produces a significantly positive takeover gain for acquirers as high as 12% of the firm value and implies a sizable bias of -16% in traditional empirical estimates. In Chapter 2, I document that high inflation predicts a decline in future real consumption and equity cash-flows, which is significantly stronger for durable than for non-durable goods. This suggests that durables is an important channel through which inflation affects long-term economic growth and asset prices. I derive and estimate an equilibrium two-good nominal economy model. The model can account for the key features of macro data, nominal bond yields and equity prices in durable and nondurable sectors. Inflation non-neutrality for durable consumption plays the key role to explain these data features. In Chapter 3, I study the impact of market competition on intermediate input quality and market share dynamics in credit rating - security issuance. In the upstream market, aggressive strategic behavior on part of credit rating agencies (CRAs) is negatively correlated with their lagged movements in market share but positively correlated with their contemporaneous movements in market share. This finding indicates that CRAs respond strategically to increasing competition by producing more "issuer-friendly" ratings. In the downstream market, investors adjust prices for credit risk but not for the effects of CRAs competition. Combining this evidence together, I conclude that policy intervention and public monitoring are necessary to restore a disciplined and well-functioning credit rating market.

Download or read book Three Essays in International Economics written by Mine Zeynep Senses and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in International Economics written by Gaofeng Han and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on China s Foreign Exchange Markets written by Yi David Wang and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is a compilation of three essays I wrote during my investigation of China's foreign exchange markets. I list the abstract of each in the following paragraphs. Essay 1: Anomaly in China's Dollar--RMB Forward Market Newly-established data on onshore deliverable US dollar--RMB forwards and the Shanghai Interbank Offered Rate from October 2006 to April 2009 reveal significant violations of covered interest rate parity. This paper hypothesizes that these violations are caused by an increase in US dollar-to-RMB conversion restrictions. Given that Chinese monetary authorities want to prevent market participants from taking advantage of the predictable appreciation of the RMB, China's State Administration of Foreign Exchange has to tighten up the control on US dollar-to-RMB conversions. Under the tightened conversion restrictions, similar deviations will resurface in the forward market whenever hot money inflow increases. One way to avoid covered interest rate parity violations in the forward market is to decrease hot money inflow into China by maintaining a stable and credible exchange rate policy. Essay 2: Convertibility Restriction in China's Foreign Exchange Market and its Impact on Forward Pricing Different from the well established markets such as the dollar-Euro market, recent CIP deviations observed in the onshore dollar-RMB forward market were primarily caused by conversion restrictions in the spot market rather than changes in credit risk and/or liquidity constraint. This paper proposes a theoretical framework under which the Chinese authorities impose conversion restrictions in the spot market in an attempt to achieve capital flow balance, but face the tradeoff between achieving such balance and disturbing current account transactions. Consequently, the level of conversion restriction should increase with the amount of capital account transactions and decrease with the amount of current account transactions. Such conversion restriction in turn places a binding constraint on forward traders' ability to cover their forward positions, resulting in the observed CIP deviation. More particularly, the model predicts that onshore forward rate is equal to a weighted average of CIP-implied forward rate and the market's expectation of future spot rate, with the weight determined by the level of conversion restriction. As a secondary result, the model also implies that offshore non-deliverable forwards reflect the market's expectation of future spot rate. Empirical results are consistent with these predictions. Essay 3: The Global Credit Crisis and China's Exchange Rate The case for stabilizing China's exchange rate against the dollar is strong. Before 2005 when the yuan/dollar rate was credibly fixed, it helped anchor China's domestic price level. But gradual RMB appreciation from July 2005 to July 2008 created a "one-way-bet" that disordered China's financial markets in two respects: (1) no private capital outflows to finance China's huge trade surplus leading to an undue build up of official exchange reserves and erosion of monetary control, and (2) a breakdown of the forward exchange market in 2007-08 so that exporters could no longer get trade credit—probably worsening the severe slump in Chinese exports. But after July 2008, the credit crunch induced an unexpected unwinding of the dollar carry trade leading to a sharp appreciation in the dollar's effective exchange rate. The People's Bank of China (PBC) then stopped RMB appreciation against the dollar. China's forward exchange market was restored and monetary control regained. Now the PBC can better support the fiscal stimulus by promoting a parallel expansion of bank credit. But, since March 2009, the fall in the dollar (with the RMB tied to it) again threatens to undermine the yuan/dollar rate and China's monetary stability.

Download or read book Three Essays on Economic Growth written by Gerald M. McIntyre and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Farmer Business Strategies written by Andrea Bentancor and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on the Economics of Food Product Quality written by Apichaya Lilavanichakul and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays in Empirical Public Economics written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation explores three questions in empirical public economics: we investigate the impact of social networks on labour market outcomes in the first essay; we explore the determinants of volunteering behaviour and estimate the effect of employment on volunteering in the second essay; and we examine the impact of political and fiscal decentralization on public provision in the third essay. In each case, we provide consistent estimates by utilizing an exogenous source of variation in key economic outcomes introduced by randomized policy experiments in the first two essays and by a natural experiment in the third essay. In the first essay, we find that among social networks, weak ties have a significant effect on labour market outcomes but strong ties do not have. In the second essay, we find that employment has a significant effect on volunteering behaviour, and that the effect varies in different contexts and depends on the precise channels through which the two are connected. In the final essay, we find that decentralization has a big effect on public provision. But we also find that decentralization affects different public goods differently, and that the key to its impact lies in the incentives facing politicians at the local level.

Download or read book Three Essays on Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy written by Shingo Goto and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on International Economics and Finance written by Juan Antonio Montecino and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation studies the macroeconomic and social impacts of two increasingly common macroeconomic policies: restrictions on international capital mobility -- capital controls -- and so-called unconventional monetary policy -- often referred to as "quantitative easing." The consensus view is that capital controls can effectively lengthen the maturity composition of capital inflows and increase the independence of monetary policy but are not generally effective at reducing net inflows and influencing the real exchange rate. The first essay presents empirical evidence that although capital controls may not directly affect the long-run equilibrium level of the real exchange rate, they may enable disequilibria to persist for an extended period of time relative to the absence of controls. Allowing the speed of adjustment to vary according to the intensity of restrictions on capital flows, it is shown that the real exchange rate converges to its long-run level at significantly slower rates in countries with capital controls. The second essay studies the social welfare implications of capital controls when controls are imperfectly binding and financial markets actively aim to bypass regulation. I consider a series of models of a small open economy featuring a "Dutch disease" externality arising from excessive capital inflows, as well as strategic interactions between a regulatory authority attempting to enforce capital controls and a financial sector attempting to evade them. The models suggest that capital controls, by internalizing externalities associated with capital inflows, can improve welfare relative to a "laissez-faire" benchmark even when these are imperfectly binding. The third and final essay uses data from the Federal Reserve's Tri-Annual Survey of Consumer Finances (SCF) to study the distributional impacts of quantitative easing in the U.S. since the 2008-9 financial crisis. I decompose the change in the distribution of income into three key impact channels of QE policy: 1) the employment channel 2) the asset appreciation and return channel, and 3) the mortgage refinancing channel. The results suggest that while employment changes and mortgage refinancing were equalizing, these impacts were nonetheless swamped by the large dis-equalizing effects of asset appreciations.

Download or read book Three Essays on Economic Growth and Development written by Rodrigo Priale and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: